CORRELATION OF SELF- DEFEATING BEHAVIOR AND SELF- ESTEEM AMONG ADOLESCENTS

CORRELATION OF SELF- DEFEATING BEHAVIOR AND SELF- ESTEEM

AMONG ADOLESCENTS

Objectives

1.a To determine if the degree of self-defeating behaviors of late adolescents along with the following factors:

1. Sex
2. Strand

1.b To determine if there is a significant difference among the degree of self-defeating behaviors of late adolescents with different:

1. Sex
2. Strand

2.a To determine the level of self- esteem among late adolescence along with the following factors:

1. Sex
2. Strand

2.b To determine if the level of self-esteem among late adolescents has a significant difference along the following

1. Sex
2. Strand

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3. To determine if there is a significant relationship between SDB and SE of late adolescents.

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This is a quantitative study wherein the researchers use measurable data to formulate facts and uncover patterns in their research. This research is used to test or confirm theories and assumptions, and it can also be used to establish generalizable facts about a topic. (Streefkerk, 2019). Quantitative research is a type of empirical investigation, and that means the study focuses on verifiable observation as opposed to theory or logic. (Klazema, 2014). The researchers will use the Self-Defeating Behavior Scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale to know if there is a direct correlation of self- defeating behavior and self-esteem among adolescents in accordance with their sex, and strand. Those questions will be answered by the random participants with the same number of males and females in different strands of academic and non- academic track.

Population of the study

The target population for this research is the Senior High students at the University of Baguio, both Integrated and Science High. The researchers will get 40 participants (random 20 in male and another random 20 in female) of each strand for the academic track: Accountancy Business & Management (ABM), Humanities and Social Science (HUMSS), Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), and General Academic Strand (GAS), another 40 participants (random 20 in male and another random 20 in female) for the non- academic track: Arts & Design, Sports, and Technical – Vocational Livelihood Track. For the academic track, there would be a total of 120 participants for the Senior Science High School, and 160 participants for the Senior High School. For the non- academic track, there would be a total of 240 participants, and that would be 520 participants overall. The age of the people who will participate in the research would be ranging between the ages of 17 to 21. While the ages 16 and below would be excluded in the participation of answering the questionnaires floated by the researchers because they would not fit the range of age of late adolescent participants that are required in the research.

Data Gathering Tools

The research

ers will be using a questionnaire with two parts that will measure the self-defeating behavior and self-esteem of late adolescents. The first is a questionnaire developed by Alshawashreh, Alrabee, and Sammour that will determine the degree of self-defeating behavior among late adolescents. The scale consists of 32 items. The survey has a five-point Likert-scale ranging from strongly agree to very strongly agree. They were scored as follows: very strongly agree was given four; strongly agree is three, agree is two, disagree is one, strongly disagree is zero. The questionnaire used will have three scale levels: low levels from (0 to 1.33), medium level from (1.34 to 2.67), and high level from (2.68 to 4.0). The second questionnaire that will be used is the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, which is a ten-item Likert-scale. The scale ranges from strongly agree to strongly disagree. And results will be interpreted as follows: scores higher than 15 suggest higher self-esteem while lower than 15 suggest lower self-esteem.

The study will use a t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation as a way of analyzing the data. The study will be utilizing t-test as a means of analyzing the independent population used in the variable sex while one-way ANOVA will be used in analyzing the data gathered in the variable strand. Whereas Pearson correlation will be used in finding the relationship between SDB and SE, and will also undergo another t-test to determine if the relationship between SDB and SE is significant.

Once the researchers have carefully finalized the research topic and objectives, it is vital to abide by the systematic procedure of data collection. Before the data gathering process, the researchers must secure the letter of permission from the principal’s office along with the signature of the principal, Dr. Antonio Mangaliag. The questionnaire and the different forms will then be passed to the Research Development Center or the RDC. The researchers would have to wait for RDC’s approval before submitting the approved questionnaire to the School Research Anchor Person or the SRAP.  Once the questionnaire is submitted and approved, the researchers can then distribute the questionnaires and the informed consent to the chosen participants. After the participants have answered all the questions, proper data gathering will follow. Once the data have been collected, the researchers may then analyze, interpret, and draw out conclusions.

Data Gathering Procedure

Treatment of data

To determine the self-defeating behavior of late adolescents, average will be utilized. The computed average will be interpreted using the scale given by Alshawashreh, Alrabee, and Sammour. These are the following scales: low levels from (0 to 1.33), medium level from (1.34 to 2.67), and high level from (2.68 to 4.0).

To determine if there is a significant difference between the degree of self-defeating behaviors of male and female late adolescents, t-test for independent population assuming equal variances with a 0.05 level of significance will be utilized by the researchers. For late adolescents with different strands, single-factor ANOVA will be used.

To determine the level of self- esteem among late adolescents, the following scoring will be applied: SA=3, A=2, D=1, SD=0. Sum the scores for the ten items. The higher the score means, the higher the self-esteem. Scores below 15 suggest low self-esteem.

To determine if there is a significant difference between the degree of self-defeating behaviors and self-esteem of male and female late adolescents, t-test for independent population assuming equal variances with a 0.05 level of significance will be utilized by the researchers. For late adolescents with different strands, single-factor ANOVA will be used.

To determine if there is a significant relationship between SDB and SE of the late adolescents, Pearson’s Correlation will be used. The table below will be used to interpret the computed correlation coefficient.

Table 1

Correlation Coefficient Interpretation

To test the significance of the computed correlation coefficient, t-test will be utilized using a 0.05 level of significance.

Ethical Consideration

Participation is voluntary, and the participants have all the right to withdraw their consent or discontinue participation at any time without penalty or loss of benefits to which they are otherwise entitled to have. No harm will be done to the participants of the study. Confidentiality and anonymity will be strictly applied, and only relevant components will be observed.

References:

Streefkerk, S. (2019). Qualitative vs. quantitative research. Retrieved from

https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/qualitative-quantitative-research/

Klazema, A. (2014). Types Of Quantitative Research for Students and Researchers. Retrieved

from https://blog.udemy.com/types-of-quantitative-research/