disease control approach
Question 1
Primary prevention is a disease control approach which aims at preventing disease before it occurs. A cervical cancer screening program can promote sexual health. It will help to detect the possibility of cervical cancer in women, and this will, in turn, enhance the sexual health of women.
Question 2
Secondary prevention is the disease control approach, which focuses on early detection and treatment of an infection. Opioid risk tool prevention program relates to prescription drug abuse and opioid epidemic. It assists in screening people in the primary care setting to assess their risk for opioid. Hence it would help in the prescription of the most appropriate medication to treat the opioid crisis.
Question 3
SDOH are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, and work. SDOH relates to non-communicable diseases through economic factors, which makes the treatment of non-communicable diseases expensive. Thus, it usually increases the prevalence of NCDs in the world.
Question 4
The core functions of public health include assessment, policy development, and assurance. Assessment entails monitoring environmental and health status to locate and solve health problems in society. For example, it may be used to control fire breakouts and offer a solution to the emergency. Policy development educates people about environmental health issues. A policy may be used to educate people on fire and the precautionary measures to enhance safety during the occurrence of a fire emergency in the society. Assurance executes laws and regulations that safeguard environmental health and ensure safety. For instance, assurance would execute laws requiring companies to possess fire extinguishers to help control fire in case of its emergency in the company.
The PERIE model
Question 5
The PERIE model helps in identifying the cause of disease, their magnitude, how they affect people, and possible solutions to the disease. The problem phase involves assessing the burden of the disease based on the rate of occurrence. For instance, the analysis of opioid addiction among youths would fall under the problem phase. Etiology involves determining the cause of the disease. Exposure to other hard drugs would be assessed, whether it contributes to the opioid crisis. The recommendation phase involves suggesting a treatment option based on the magnitude of the impact of the disease. The implementation stage entails executing the treatment options for the disease, while evaluation encompasses assessing the effectiveness of the treatment option. For example, in the opioid crisis, this stage would evolve, evaluating the usefulness of the administered medication to treat the condition.
Question 6.1
School-based program for increasing physical activity in school is an example of intervention and policy for counseling and education.
Question 6.2
The example of interventions and policies for clinical interventions include removing ambiguity and increasing hybrid designs of clinical interventions.
Question 6.3
Immunization and vaccination policy are example of long-lasting protective interventions.
Question 6.4
HI-5 intervention, like access to a clean syringe, is an example of a response for changing the context for making an individual’s decisions healthy.
Question 6.5
Providing coverage for low-income children under Medicaid and the health insurance program of the state is an example of a policy for socioeconomic factors.
Question 6.6
The population impact and effort change throughout Frieden’s model based on the socioeconomic factors that are a strong determinant of health in society. It, therefore, changes the effort and impact of the population throughout the model by determining their level of access to health care services.
Question 6.7
The approach of systems thinking towards addressing gun violence in the USA involves identifying the possible influencers of gun violence to devise a mechanism for controlling the crisis. The bottleneck in systems thinking is congestion in the system.
Question 6.8
The Social-Ecological Model focuses on the several levels of influenceRS, and the idea that conducts are shaped by the social environment. It can be used to develop a public health intervention for maternal and infant mortality by shaping the conduct of pregnant women to prevent them from the risk of maternal mortality.