Iron Deficiency Anemia (Case Study)

Iron Deficiency Anemia (Case Study)

Introduction

Anemia is a type of disease caused by lack of enough iron in our bodies. The disease is usually caused by failure of the blood to produce enough red blood cells in our bodies leading to less hemoglobin’s a result, lack of enough hemoglobin leads to less iron rich products which transport oxygen to the lungs which makes it difficult for the patient with anemia to breath normally (Alex, 2016). The paper seeks to analyze a case study of a woman with various sign and symptoms of anemia and suggest what type of anemia she is suffering from. The paper further explains the reasons of selecting the type of anemia and gives the rationale on the selection.

Ms. A is suffering from Iron deficiency Anemia which is as a result of excessive blood loss especially during menstruation when women losses a lot of blood. The reason for concluding that Ms. A is suffering from this type of anemia is based on the signs and results of her extermination form the laboratory. First in the case study, the article states that Ms. A is having difficulty when playing at the golf making her to be short of breath. This is due to the fact that she is having less hemoglobin which transports oxygen to the lungs making it difficult for her to breadth normally.

The symptoms persist when she is on her menses due to loss of blood which have got iron making her body to lose too much iron. Iron helps in the production of more hemoglobin which is a protein responsible for making more red blood cells. Thus, during menses, she experience difficulties due to excess loss of blood making her to feel fatigue  and have to take aspirin during menstruation to balance the hemoglobin level. It is also said that she is rushed to the clinic after playing in the golf tournament due to low blood pressure and elevated heart rate. Poor supply of oxygen in the body due to low level of hemoglobin out of lack of enough iron can lead to high heart rate (Andrew, 2015). This supports the fact that Ms.A is suffering from Iron deficiency anemia due to low level of iron.

Her hemoglobin level is at 8g/dl which is very low compared to the normal bracket rate of 12-16g/dl of the normal person. This means that she needs to increase her level of hemoglobin by taking iron-rich food to help her boost her red blood cells. Hermatocrit level is also low which is at 32%  which indicates that she has low level of red blood cells in her body. She also takes aspirin during summer to avoid her being stiff from low supply of blood in her joints. These signs indicate that Ms. A is not having adequate blood which is not properly circulated in her body system. Aspirin help to boost cytokine which helps to cover the blood loss in our bodies. This drug must have been used by her to increase the occult of blood loss making her anemic. It is also helps to reactivate the inflamed parts of the bodies responsible for iron production such as the liver. Upon taking the aspirin, her heart rate goes down since aspirin has got iron  which elevates the level of hemoglobin in the body leading to supply of more oxygen in the lungs and circulatory system. Erythrocyte level is also at 3.1*10/mm which indicates that red blood cells are not able to produce more erythrocytes which is responsible for hemoglobin production in the body.

The case study indicates that Ms. A has been suffering form menorrhagia which is a condition of having excessive menstruation period which are beyond the normal limit. The period duration is also long making the victim to lose too much blood. She is said to have experienced this condition for about 10 to 12 years meaning that she must have lost too much blood. Thus, Ms. A is having difficulties in recovering the blood loss making her to have less HB and the level of erythrocyte are low in her body (Mathews, 2017). This is making her to experience major problems associated with insufficient iron in the body such as low blood pressure and high heart rate since the body is responding and she has to breath heavily in search of air. The lungs also fails to receive sufficient oxygen as hemoglobin level are low and cant transport oxygen together with the blood during circulation making the lungs to strain.

During laboratory tests, it is discovered that Ms.A is having hypo chromic cells which are as a result of low level of red blood cells in the body than normal. The hypo chromic cells in her body seems to have paler area inside the erythrocytes which is not normal and it’s not biconcave in shape as it is in normal red blood cells. These cells are found in her body which can help the medics to conclude that she is having deficiency in iron level. She is also having microcytic cells whereby her red blood cells are smaller than normal which limits the surface area for production of haemoglobin. These cells are as a result of iron deficiency in the body.

Ms. A sickness can be rationale by using doctor’s prescription and taking of iron rich products in her diet. This will lead to proper functioning of her red blood cells  and high level of hemoglobin production which reduces the symptoms such as weakness and feeling fatigued and tired. Low level of hemoglobin in the body makes the red blood cells to appear paler than normal which is in the case of Ms. A.

In conclusion, iron deficiency anemia is caused by low level of iron in the diet intake or excessive loss of iron during menstruation. In the case study, a conclusion can be drawn that Ms. A is suffering from iron deficiency anemia based on her results form laboratory. She gets tired and get short of breath especially during games. She also got rushed to the hospital when she engages in a golf tournament which accelerated her metabolic rate and increased the heart rate (Teddy, 2015). She also have other symptoms such as having hypo chromic cells in her red blood cells which is not normal and it’s a condition with people suffering from this type of anemia. Her Hermatocrit level is also low which is at 32%  which indicates that she has low level of red blood cells in her body. She also takes aspirin during summer to avoid her being stiff from low supply of blood in her joints. These signs indicate that Ms. A is not having adequate blood which is not properly circulated in her body system. Thus, it is clear that Ms. A is microcytic anemic due to deficiency in level of iron. However, she can get help from the medics and high intake of iron can help her boost her immunity and live a normal life.