Emergency Administration/Management
Mitigation is the measures taken to lessen the likelihood of occurrence of risk or diminishing the magnitude of its effects. It can be done by hazard evaluation, through the procedure of identification and examining risks, that gives the statistics necessary to set alleviation actions. Efforts of risk mitigation can discontinue the destruction pattern. The more the expected degree of hazard, the more the need to target specific hazard susceptibilities. Reducing risk combats life loss and property damage.
Preparedness actions increase the response capability of a community towards any disaster occurrence. “It is a continued series of planning, organizing, training, equipping, exercising, evaluating, and taking corrective action to ensure coordination during incident response according to national incident management system” (NIMS). Preparedness activities include equipping individuals with the required skills and creating awareness to the members of the public. It can take different forms, including emergency software installation and ensuring security among communities.
A well-articulated emergency strategy permits effective resource harmonization. Response actions can be concurrent with the hazard before or after, to prevent property damage and death. It includes the deployment of essential services. Activities may consist of offering first aid to victims and clearing the public from the affected area.
Recovery activities are meant to restore normality to the affected public, including providing food and shelter to them (Garrison, 2019). It is different from the response phase as it deals with decision making after the occurrence of a disaster. Besides, it may include activities such as offering employment to the affected and assisting in building structures. The objective of recovery is to fix the damage caused by the disaster. It may be long-term or short term depending on what is being repaired; for example, rebuilding a damaged road is long-term.