Prevention of Hypertension

Prevention of Hypertension

Hypertension or high blood pressure, typical of most cardiovascular diseases, is a nutrimental-hygienic condition. The origin of hypertension is embedded in physical inactivity, high intake of calories, obesity and uncontrolled dietetic sodium consumption as well as alcohol intake. Genetic vulnerability to hypertension remains vague; however, the environmental susceptibility of gene-environment synergies can be positively influenced by controlling lifestyle choices (Action, 2012). The origin of hypertension has not been discovered unless it is ancillary high blood pressure. However, there are many possible factors linked to its occurrence. These elements include age, excessive salt intake, physical inactivity and genetic features. Hypertension is more prevalent in people between the age of 20-79, age is a factor that is unavoidable and increases with time.

High blood pressure may be as a result of reduced physical activity brought about by ageing. Clotting of the structural changes in the arteries leading to decreased ability of the arteries to enlarge when blood is pumped. Hormonal changes in respect to ageing also affects high blood pressure. Additionally, transformations such as reduction in estrogen production, inactive thyroid and overactive thyroid can also affect the increase in the blood pressure (Alexander, 2013).  However, such an incident is not a regimen element of aging since other factors affect the occurrence of high blood pressure.

Elimination of blood pressure related issues such as diminished kidney operation depends mainly on managing the risk factors of hypertension in the population. Populace-based high blood pressure prevention plans would need widely executed public health procedures such as remarkable modification to supply of food and productive strategies to significantly expand energy outlay above the current amount (Deak, & Moskovitz, 2012). Being dormant is associated with high blood pressure; therefore increasing one’s rate of activity will minimize high blood pressure. Medical experts may advise their patients to be physically active to lower their blood pressure. However, exercising may cause blood pressure to increase first before it reduces.  The faster it decreases, the healthier one is likely to become. Most patients with hypertension should be disposed to increase their physical activity rate quite cautiously. However, if the patient’s  blood pressure is comparatively high, the doctor or nurse would instead lower it with medication before enrolling them in an exercise strategy.

Resistant hypertension can be defined as insufficient control of blood pressure (BP)  in defiance of the triple regimen procedure of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) interceptor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) (Action, 2012). In most cases, the introduction of spironolactone on resistant hypertension exhibited the effectiveness. On the other hand, Obesity can be described by a 25.0 kg/m2 body mass index (BMI) (MacGregor & Kaplan, 2016). A BMI higher than 25 is conceded as a risk component for death, cardiovascular disease (CVD)  and metabolic illnesses, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension,  and dyslipidemia. Besides, obesity at the age of 20 years is also a risk element for augmentation of hypertension in at their middle age. Moderately increased BMI at a tender age is a risk factor for imminent hypertension.

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) occurs after hypertension is developed after 20 weeks of gestation (Deak, & Moskovitz, 2012).  Additionally, they do not exhibit evidence of protein in their urine or other essential indications of preeclampsia (Riva et al. 2012). Preeclampsia is a severe ailment where women develop hypertension after mid-pregnancy, and their urine has protein,  they have liver or kidney malfunctions, headaches, or eyesight changes. Women who had hypertension before being expectant – or it is detected before 20 weeks – have long-term hypertension. Hypertension, in this case, is seen as a fatal condition to expectant women

The coexistence of hypertension and diabetes can be fatal, and jointly they can increase the possibility of acute myocardial infarction or stroke. Having both illnesses also increases the likelihood of kidney ailments and complications with the blood vessels of the eyes, which bring about  blindness (Kavey, 2011). There’s also extraordinary evidence to demonstrate that chronic hypertension can speed illnesses such as Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. The disorders are associated with memory loss and destruction of other mental roles. The disorders can be attributed to the fact that blood vessels in the cerebrum are incredibly susceptible to harm as a result of high blood pressure. This makes it a crucial threat factor for stroke and dementia.

In conclusion, high blood pressure being a lifestyle disease affects many people hence more awareness should be creates to empower the public on the condition. The literature review exhibits the different aspects of hypertension in the society. Through the study, it is evident that hypertension is influenced not only by lifestyle choices but also age and pregnancy stage. High blood pressure can be prevented through medication, exercise and increasing public awareness on making healthy life choices. The PICOT questions have been adequately addressed in the literature review, and the research will enhance the researcher’s knowledge on the study topic. However, more research should be done to determine what instigates hypertension and how it can be prevented.