International Development

International Development

Introduction

All the countries in the world are not equal regarding social developments. There are those that are well developed and for this case they are thus named: the Developed countries. Examples of these countries are the western countries like the United States of America and so many others (Cox & Pawar   2013). They are also referred to as industrialized nations due to their industrial developments. Other countries have shown little or no developments and due to this, they are thus called “The less Developed Countries” examples of these countries are African countries. They are not industrialized So much and due to this; they are thus referred to as “The Less Developed Countries. All these differences are brought about by Poverty which is much evidenced in the less developed Countries thus bringing the concept of the unequal world. This Phenomenon means that all the Countries in the word are not equal regarding social developments, and this is brought about by poverty since some countries like the less developed ones are so poor as compared to the Developed ones. Their level of developments becomes low as they lack enough finances to meet their developments. If all the nations could be equal regarding wealth, the issue of Global inequality could not thus be there. Due to this issue, there thus arises the need to fight poverty by the less developed countries. By doing so, a lot of ways and methods have been put in place to curb poverty across the globe to address the issue of equity and bring about social developments. This can be done regarding policies, programs, strategies and local level events (Gray  & Crofts   , 2008).

Analyzing the phenomenon of unequal world by referring to global poverty

There are two types of poverty. There is absolute and relative poverty. Extreme poverty is where people have insufficient income to afford the necessities of life for example clothing and shelter. Relative poverty is where people have the funds, but they are significantly less than the average incomes need by the society. In the case of developed countries, absolute poverty is very rare while the relative poverty is a big problem (Desai, 2013).

Policies put in place to address the issue of equity and development

Policies put in place to reduce poverty among all the less developed countries. Sustained economic growth: The argument is that, promoting economic growth increases the total income in the society thus creating more job opportunities and benefits which can be redistributed equally.  In the past years, economic growth has been a major factor in reducing the levels of poverty which were seen in pre-war Britain. There is thus a need to put measures on this policy to curb poverty among the less developed countries so that Equity in economic growth and development in across the world in attained. Reduce the level of unemployment: Unemployment makes people have lower incomes thus depending on the state benefits. If people can have access to a job, then the issue of Unemployment could not be there and therefore the level of incomes among people could be more and thus a lot of developments could be evidenced (Saleebey,    2012).

The amount of taxes levied on rich people is high and the one levied on poor people is relatively lower making it easy to cut the tax in helping the poor. Increasing benefits to poor people: have been put in place to help those individuals with lower levels of money, for example, the child benefit or universal tax credit. The advantages of this are to allow money to go to those people in need of them. This measure helps in reducing poverty. It also reduces burden on the tax payer (Pawar, 2014).

The government should increase the level of wages and incomes for the people to acquire high incomes and salaries hence reducing poverty in the society  reducing  wage inequality since the lowly paid people are now paid well and equally to the other people. Free education should be provided in all the countries across the world to produce large numbers of skilled workforce. International aid: The developed countries should give food and other donations to the developing countries to (or “intending to”)   curb poverty which may lead to underdevelopment.  It brings about unity and as a result of this, development results in diversifying the economy away from agriculture to manufacturing allowing greater economic development especially when there are right skills and infrastructure. Reducing the level of corruption, all the states in across the globe should fight against corruption since it affects their levels of developments; also, it is much evidenced in the less developed countries. Investment in public services: All the countries in the world are advised to invest their funds in public services. This one will, in turn, provide enough developments in the country and thus reduce poverty. If these policies are implemented, then poverty among the developing countries can end up, and there could not be the issue of the unequal world. All the states across the world should fight against poverty which brings this difference regarding developments.

Programs put in place to address the issue of equity and development

To reduce global poverty, there are also some programs put in place. These programs include the following: Public Works Programs. Countries especially the developing ones should develop this program so that they can fight against poverty. These programs put in place for the developing countries to work together depend on their design and implementation in practice and they do better as safety nets. Public works programs in developing countries can reduce poverty in the long term and helps low-skilled workers cope with economic shocks shortly. Creating free education to all people. If all individuals are fully educated, they acquire relevant and essential skills which they can apply for their jobs. They can use skills that they acquire from learning to produce labor in industries and therefore create wealth among themselves ( Nabi  et al  2014). The income they get helps them to spend in some of their developments as well as developments in the whole country. This helps in reducing poverty among countries and thus preventing the concept of the unequal world. Creating awareness in the aim of advocating poverty in the society. All the people across the world should be made aware of the various ways and purposes of advocating poverty reduction in the whole word.

Creating some organizations which help developing countries with some services like” The World Health Organization”.  This organization helps In providing health services to all the countries especially the less developed countries and this contributes to prevent poverty among them. Other Organization like the Word Food Program helps in providing food to the less developed countries which suffer from poverty. This helps so much in reducing poverty in the world hence doing away with unequal world.Formation of United Nations Organization program. This program brings all the states together in order to ensure that there is unity and corporation. Through this, the developed countries get a chance to help the less developed ones without any stain since there is unity among themselves. These and any other programs have assisted so much in reducing poverty which is much evidenced in the less developed countries (Aspalter, 2016).

Another program which has been implemented to bring the issue of equity is the plan that addresses the marginalization of the poor communities to lessen the effects of poverty: namely, to address small self- esteemed, limited social contribution and limited social support contact that is experienced by this stigmatized population. This program was ones mentioned and implemented by Ithaca and New York in which the inhabitants made a barter arrangement of ‘time dollars’. This permitted people with specific abilities to exchange those aptitudes for sustenance, cash or different administrations. This moreover serves as a better way for the unemployed persons in the society to have their needs met while creating a large network of social support for the unemployed and the employed people of the community. This program would create a stronger sense of community and would attempt to build feeling of appreciation between social classes and also consolidating a wide range of individuals into the group as esteemed and taking interest residents (Hoy & Sumner, 2016). It would be implemented in such a way that would protect human dignity and respect for all involved individuals. These programs have been implemented so as to curb poverty in the developing countries and bring the issue of global equity and development.

Strategies put in place to address the issue of equity and development

There are also some strategies put in place to curb poverty in the whole world which brings about the phenomenon of unequal world. Some of these strategies implemented include the following: Economic liberalization Stretching out property rights security to the poor is a standout amongst the most imperative destitution diminishment methodologies that a nation is needed to implement. In addition to this, securing property rights to land which is one largest asset for most societies is very vital to their economic freedom. Creating employments and productivity in the countries. Employment and productivity enable people to earn their daily bread and therefore fighting against poverty (Krieger, 2001).Improving infrastructure and technology. The United Nations economics argue that good infrastructure, such as the roads, and information networks, helps the markets reforms to work well. An example of this is China which claims that it is putting resources into railroads, streets, ports and provincial phones in African nations as a component of its equation for financial advancement. All the farm incomes should be raised, and this is described as the core of the antipoverty effort as three-quarters of the poor people in the less developed countries are the farmers. The farmers are therefore supported with different varieties to use in their farms and this brings a lot of benefits to them. In addition to this, improving water management is an effective way to help reduce poverty among the farmers in the less developed countries. Farmers should as well be provided with enough fertilizers and seeds to plant. The land should be enough to them to ensure that they produce a high-quality yields.

Raising farm incomes is   at the core of the antipoverty effort as three-quarters of the poor today are farmers. The scientists evaluated that utilizing the assortments would realize an aggregate advantage of US$111 million for a long time Improving water administration is an effective way to help reduce poverty among farmers in the less developed countries thus doing away with poverty which will thus bring the issue of the unequal world. Another thing to be done in order to bring about the issue of Global equity is regarding Local level development. Local level developments should be considered the most to bring about developments in the less developed countries (Seidel, 2013). Some of these local level events to me considered include the following.

The issue of brain drain should be avoided. This is a situation whereby people acquire skills from their countries, but they produce labor in different countries. This one has been an issue with the individuals in the developing countries. This one is disadvantageous to developing countries since they provide educational services to their citizens but instead of the citizens to produce labor in home countries, they tend to work for other countries in demand for more incomes thus developing those foreign countries. As a result of this, they thus leave the developing countries with little developments and thus Global inequity regarding developments comes in. Also, industries in the developing countries should be improved. This ensures great industrialization in the developing countries which in turn bring about local developments and thus the developing countries become equal with the developed countries in terms of industrial developments. Political stability should be maintained in the developing countries. This ensures that there are no political wrangles and conflicts, and thus events can take place. In case there is lack of political stability, then no developments can be done since there is lack of peace in the country.

Local level developments in addressing the issue of equity and development

Items produced by the industries in developing countries should have ready markets so that they can be sold quickly to avoid damage leading to losses. If they are sold, the amounts of money earned can be used by the developing countries to carry out developments and as a result of this; they can thus be equal to the already developed ones like the United States of America in terms of events. Local investors should as well be allowed to carry out their investments in the less developed countries (Anand et al 2007) . This will thus contribute to regional developments since a lot of investments are done by the local investors. This one will, in turn, boost the evolution by the developing countries and also helping in preventing global poverty which later brings about the issue of equity and development in the whole world.

Generally, on human   rights perspective, every country declares human rights a document brought into by the United Nations in 1948.In 2000, the United Nations conveyed consideration regarding the matter of worldwide neediness by setting up the Millennium Development Goals. To start with among these objectives was a promise to “diminish significantly the extent of people that (Panel, 2013)). The ecological perspective represents the essential link between humanity and nature the area or particular environment where an individual life determines the living standards of a person, for instance, those individuals in desert ecology are most likely to be poor than those leaving in Highlands. In addition to that, the social development perspective is the overall guide to action or sense of direction underpinning action. The level of social advancement in a nation figures out if the general public is poor or not (Pawar,2014). For instance a society having appropriate social amenities is likely to be associated with development than remote areas with weak or inadequate social development.

References

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