Regional and Interregional Interactions

Regional and Interregional Interactions

Ibn Battuta: a Moroccan Muslim scholar who wrote a very detailed experience of his life from his many travels to Islamic lands. He is termed as the most traveling scholar who confessed to having visited China, Spain, and western Sudan.

Delhi Sultanate: this was a centralized Indian empire of all time, founded by Muslim assailants

Mali: Empire founded by Native Muslims by the start of 1300-1500 in western Sudan. The empire was recognized for the roles it played during the trans-Saharan gold trade.

Mansa Kankan Musa: the emperor of Mali, whose journey through Egypt to Mecca in 1324-1325, founded the kingdom’s status for prosperity in the Mediterranean world.

Great Zimbabwe: a city, trading Centre and capital for a large state, which is currently ruined, and its structures were built from 1250-1450.

Tenochtitlan: was the Capital of the Aztec Empire, found on an island in Lake Texcoco

Aztecs: were people who founded a strong empire in central Morocco and used to push the conquered individuals to deliver goods and labor as tax.

Incas: was the largest and strongest of all Andean Empire that ruled the Pacific coast of South America from Ecuador to Chile from its capital of Cuzco.

Mongols: are the nomadic tribes from steppes of central Asia who existed during the Tang Empire, by then were referred to as violent huntsmen and soldiers.

Ghengis Khan: was the name given to the ruler of Mongols or the Tang Empire, which meant a general or oceanic leader.

Il-Khan: A “subordinate” or “minor” khan founded in Persia

Golden Horde: was Mongol khanate established by Batu, Chinnigis Khan’s grandson, in southern Russia and hurriedly accepted equally in the Turkic language and Islam.

Yuan Empire: was the China’s first foreign-led empire established by Kublai Khan, which was a collaboration between the Chinese Song and Ming dynasties

Kublai Khan: was the most powerful of the leader of the Mongols Empire and the founder of the Yuan Empire

Islam (Shiites and Sunnis): are both Muslim denominations of Islamic faith who believed Mohammed was the messenger of Allah. Both sects obeyed the five Tenets of Islam, but they separated after the death of Mohammed following a rivalry who to succeed Mohammed.

Abbasid dynasty: was the empire that ruled the Islamic empire. The ruler was given the title Caliph and was believed to be the successor of Prophet Mohammed or a close relative.

Middle-Ages: the period termed to be the start of dark ages as the fall of the Roman Empire characterized it. This period had great civilizations, and the renaissance of Rome and Greece were conquered.

Feudalism: was the system adopted during the Middle ages after the fall of the Roman Empire as no laws protected the nobles. The lands belonged to the lords, and people obeyed the King to maintain peace.

Vassals: they were the noble or lords who obeyed and fought for the King and were given some benefits like lands.

Fiefs: these were the gifts such as lands that the King gave to Vassals.

Nobles: they were soldiers who swore to be loyal to the King and promised to fight for the King and receive Fiefs from the King.

Serfs/peasants: was the status given to the most deprived people during the Middle Ages and could serve as told by Nobles or be treated similarly to slaves.

Manors: Were the places or lands where Lords lived and had rights and privileges over that land during the Middle Ages.

Three-field system: was the crop rotation regime that replaced the Two-field System during the Middle Ages that encouraged more cost-effective production.

Code of chivalry: was the informal code of conduct during the middle ages with virtues of courage, politeness, integrity, and great courtesy toward women.

Primogeniture: was the right of inheritance given to the eldest son during the middle ages for the properties of their parents.

Burghers: were the titles given to the middle-class merchants and craft workers during the middle ages, and the city officials were selected from them.

Hanseatic League: was a commercial and self-protective federation centered in Germany during the 12th century to protect and facilitate trade for merchants.

Scholasticism: was a method of learning or school of philosophy used to enhance philosophical teachings and boost the Latin Christian theistic model during the middle ages.

Bubonic plague: was one of the deadly bacterial infections caused by Yersinia pestis, which was transmitted by fleas after biting an infected animal during the middle ages.

Interregnum: was the period when an empire is vacant as a result of the end of current ruling during the medieval times.

Foot binding: were practices mad to young girls to make unnecessary control growth during the reign of the Tang Empire.

Shogun: was the title given to emperors or generals during the middle ages.

Code of Bushido: they were terms of integrity and morals that dictated the Japanese way of life for the samurais.

Rajput kingdoms: was a collection of Hindu warriors’ leaders and their supporters who ruled North-west of Indian after the conquering of Gupta.

Oral literature: was a form of communicating the traditions of written civilizations by use of mouth either through songs or poems during the middle ages

Indian Ocean trade: was the trade between Africa and Asia that ended in 1500BC when Portugal conquered the countries and started engaging in the business for their gains.

Ottoman Turks: were people from the Ottoman Empire who spoke the Turkish language.

Hundred year’s war: were the conflicts that existed between England and France over the successor to the French sovereignty.

Angor war: is the largest Hindu temple located in Cambodia that served as the temple for the Khmer Empire

Tatars: were Turkic ethnic groups of people who were separated from Mongols and occupied most parts of westwards of central Asia.