Management of leaking Petroleum Pipeline and Risks Associated with it
Introduction
Oil transmission through pipeline causes great danger to the surrounding environment due to the aging of the material used to make the pipeline as well as a number of activities such as pulsation flow, formation of shock waves and discharge zones. Despite the great attention to providing reliability and safety during installation of pipelines, emergency situations directed to oil transmission occur very often. The accidents result into expensive operational costs on pipeline companies and destruction of environment, death or injuring of people and destruction of properties in areas near the affected pipelines. The main causes of this accident results from installation mistakes, damage of pipeline during excavation especially during road construction, mistakes during manufacture of the pipes and natural disasters. Don't use plagiarised sources.Get your custom essay just from $11/page
Management of leaking Petroleum Pipeline and Risks Associated with it
Problem description
In this case oil spillage due to the rupture of the pipeline is much larger as compared to the one due to the puncture of the pipeline material hence the results of the spill will be different, therefore oil spillage due to rupture poses a great danger to the environment especially in the summer as it results into death and destruction of property due to fires resulting from increased temperatures.
Failure mode probability of failure, 1/year
Rupture 1.03*10^-4
Puncture 2.70*10^-3
Risk assessment
The main risks in such accidents include individual risks, possible risks of the territory, public risks and societal risks. Individual risk is taken as the frequency of a person injuring under the influence of adverse factors of accident. It is calculated at a distance of 500m from all pipeline connections and is equal to 3.95*10^-7 1/year. Public risk on the other hand is expected number of affected people due to potential accidents within a certain period of time.
Risk management
There are advanced technical tools for locating, evaluating and controlling the risks associated with pipeline. Submission of quantitative risk analysis to the environmental bodies concerned is another way of risk management. The submission serves the purpose of identifying that the levels of transferred risks are tolerable.
Measures to mitigate and manage risks require be understanding and establishing in case the risks of the pipeline under study exceed the tolerance level according to the criteria established in the corresponding legal norms.
Decision Analysis
Leakmap is used as tool for location, evaluation and controlling of risks associated with pipeline. Leakmap is a computer application that calculates spilled volume from the pipeline considering the volume spilled until detection of the leak and that occurring during emptying of hydraulic column.
Conclusions and recommendations
Risk assessment takes into consideration various scenarios which are as a result of natural and technological reasons. Other factors can also contribute which are annual air temperature gradients and pipelines passing through water bodies. Local climate conditions normally cause pipeline accidents.
REFERENCES
Shestakov, R. Y., Aysmatullin, I. R., Slepnev, V. N., & Polovkov, S. A. (2017). A systematic approach to developing measures for preventing and containing the consequences of accidents on oil pipelines in the Russian Federation’s Arctic zone. Pipeline Science and Technology, 1(3), 173–183. doi: 10.28999/2514-541x-2017-1-3-173-183
Denommee-Gravel, V., & Kim, K. (2019). Pipeline Accidents and Incidents, Environmental Consciousness, and Financial Performance in the Canadian Energy Industry. Sustainability, 11(12), 3275. doi: 10.3390/su11123275