The Centers for Disease Control

The Centers for Disease Control

1.The most significant population for intervening in the obesity pandemic.

Adults are the most significant in yielding the best outcomes for intervening in the obesity pandemic. The interventions can take place within the community initiatives of clinical guidelines.

2. Reasons why I think the adults are the most significant population to target for yielding the best outcomes for intervening in the obesity pandemic.

Adults are responsible for creating and modifying policies that emphasize changing the environment. Such systems may include;  modifying the design of buildings to encourage the use of stairs, examining urban design to make neighborhoods more walkable, promoting active transport by providing a safer and more integrated network of footpaths and bicycle lanes, improving food labeling to help consumers to make informed choices, and increasing the range of healthy foods in schools and work cafeterias.

Adults and parents can read food labels, make use of label information, and can calculate fat contents, and hence they are able o make healthy choices.

3. Obesity/diabetes statistics for adults

According to data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; In 2017–2018, the age-adjusted occurrence of obesity in adults was 42.4%, and there were no significant differences between men and women among all adults or by age group. The age-adjusted prevalence of severe obesity in adults was 9.2% and was higher in women than in men. The prevalence of both obesity and severe obesity was highest in non-Hispanic black adults related to other race and Hispanic-origin groups.

From 1999–2000 through 2017–2018, the prevalence of obesity and severe obesity increased, but the observed increase in the incidence of obesity and severe obesity between 2015–2016 and 2017–2018 was not significant.

The association between obesity and income or educational level is complex and differs by sex and race/ethnicity. Overall, men and women with college degrees had lower obesity prevalence compared with those with less education. By race/ethnicity, the same obesity and education pattern was seen among non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic women, and also among non-Hispanic white men. However, the variances were not all statistically noteworthy. Although the difference was not statistically significant among non-Hispanic black men, obesity prevalence increased with educational attainment. Among non-Hispanic Asian females and men and Hispanic men, there were no differences in obesity occurrence by education level..

4. Strategies that would be the most effective towards the goals of reducing the obesity epidemic

Street scale urban design and land-use policies

These policies and practices support physical activity in small geographic areas and include; improving street lighting, increasing ease and safety for street crossing, introducing or enhancing traffic calming, enhancing the aesthetics of the streetscape, and ensuring sidewalk continuity. These policies can also include improvement of infrastructure, such as reallocating motor vehicle lanes to bicycle lanes. This, in turn, leads to increased bicycle traffic.

Long rides (up to 6 hours) burn a lot of fat. However, even 30 minutes of cycling can helpwith weight loss, especially if you go hard.

Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity combined with informational outreach activities.

Interventions that create or enhance access to places for physical activity may involve legislatures who are working to change the local environments to create opportunities for physical activity. An increase in access to areas of physical activity is likely to result in their increased use and hence an increase in the proportion of the population who are physically active. Studies have reported weight loss among participants.

Taking the stairs serves has health and weight loss benefits and also provides an additional opportunity for physical activity. Studies have shown that stair climbing, which is considered a vigorous-intensity physical activity, expends 8to nine more energy than sitting and about seven times more energy than taking the elevator. For those struggling with obesity, the more you weigh, the more calories you burn when stair climbing.

Promote food policy councils as a way to improve the food environment state and local levels.

Food councils provide support and advise populaces and administrations on how to develop policies and programs to advance local food systems. This council is created in a community or state to develop strategies related to healthy food access, including fruit and vegetable production, accessibility, and supply. Limited readiness for healthier food and beverages can be a barrier to healthy eating and drinking.

5. Articles that describe obesity interventions
6. The CDC Guide to Strategies to increase the consumption of Fruits and Vegetables.

This article guides program managers, policymakers, and others on how to select strategies to increase the eating of fruits and vegetables and offers the most appropriate information on each type of approach.

2. The CDC Guide to Strategies to Increase Physical Activity in the Community.

This text guides program managers, policymakers, and others on how to select strategies to increase physical activity in the community. It offers the most relevant information on each type of approach. It Describes an environmental change or policy-related action envisioned to prevent disease or promote health in a group of people.

3. Recommended Community Strategies and Measurements to Prevent Obesity in the United States

The writing contains 24 recommended obesity prevention strategies focusing on environmental and policy level change initiatives that can be implemented by local governments and school districts to promote healthy eating and active living.

References

KLEIN, R., Klein, B. E., Moss, S. E., DEMETS, D. L., KAUFMAN, I., & VOSS, P. S. (1984). Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in southern Wisconsin. American journal of epidemiology, 119(1), 54-61.

Selvin, E., Parrinello, C. M., Sacks, D. B., & Coresh, J. (2014). Trends in prevalence and control of diabetes in the United States, 1988–1994 and 1999–2010. Annals of internal medicine, 160(8), 517-525.

Baker, M. K., Simpson, K., Lloyd, B., Bauman, A. E., & Singh, M. A. F. (2011). Behavioral strategies in diabetes prevention programs: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 91(1), 1-12.

Kavookjian, J., Berger, B. A., Grimley, D. M., Villaume, W. A., Anderson, H. M., & Barker, K. N. (2005). Patient decision making: strategies for diabetes diet adherence intervention. Research in social and Administrative Pharmacy, 1(3), 389-407.