French-American-British Classification.
This is a systematic series of classification of the hematologic ailments. Historical features show that in the traditional classification, the acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was the classification of FAB. The world health organization has replaced this naming with its designation. FAB was proposed in 1982, and this classification system based its research on morphologic features of bone marrow and the blood and ha five subgroups (Kipps, 2001). They included refractory anaemia, which had excess blasts, refractory anaemia, refractory anaemia that had excess blasts in its transformation, and the chronic myelomonocytic anaemia, refractory anaemia that had the ring with sideroblasts.
French-American-British classification has been listed for history as follows. L-1 are small cells that are homogeneous chromatin, which is regular shaped, nuclear and sometimes has small or no nucleolus (Bassan et al., 2004). They are also scanty and are represented in 25-30 percentage in adults. L-2 is the heterogeneous cells that are large, has an irregular nuclear shape, heterogeneous chromatin, are nucleolus in nature, and are large. This represents almost 70 per cent of cases. L=3 are cells that are homogeneous and large and contains cytoplasm that is moderately deep blue, contains multiple nucleoli and cytoplasmic vacuolization, which overlies nucleus often. This represents the subtype found in adult cases of 1-2%.
When the world health organizations introduced in 2016, there were essential changes in their classification. They included the two entities belonging to the B-ALL. B represented the lymphoma, which was initially reported in the subtype of poor prognosis in children (Chiaretti et al., 2014). The second B-ALL had the intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21. This was detected with the fish that had a probe for RUNX1, which revealed more copies of the same gene. Later there could be other subtypes that occur in the older children, which were caused by poor prognosis.
References.
Bassan, R., Gatta, G., Tondini, C., & Willemze, R. (2004). Adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Critical reviews in oncology/haematology, 50(3), 223-261.
Chiaretti, S., Zini, G., & Bassan, R. (2014). Diagnosis and sub-classification of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Mediterranean journal of haematology and infectious diseases, 6(1).
Kipps, T. J. (2001). Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and related diseases. Williams haematology, 6, 1163-1194.