Housing contemporary society

Housing contemporary society

1.

1. The two forces that have influenced the demand for housing was the expectations of future prices of homes. One possibility of owning a house is to sell it higher rate in the future. This trend happens to be diminishing in the costs of housing tends to increase due to a variety of factors. The second force that focused on housing was the availability of credit facilities that more accessible the potential of workers to acquire credit in mortgages that enables them to own a house.

When the workweek tends to be shortened from a period of five days weekly to four days in a week affects the housing trend and movements along the graph whereby the forces affecting house demand tend to shifts leftward. Since the reduction of working days to the workers is an implication that financing for housing will be more expensive for them in line with their current budgetary plans. Therefore a smaller quantity of houses is demanded, and the market demand curve tends to shift from the leftwards with each given price market demand is lower.

The decrease in demand for housing

After the demand curve shifts, the market for new houses is no longer at equilibrium anymore. With the original price where the consumers had more earnings causes an imbalance in supply and demand.at the price and earnings, the buyers are willing to buy fewer homes than the sellers wish to sell. To regain the equilibrium in the market, there is a need for the reduction of the in the prices of the housing and reduced number of houses that the producers are developing. The decrease in the production of the houses is brought about by the lower costs of the homes, thus making suppliers less willing to produce homes for the market; hence the shift in the demand curve results in a movement along the supply curve.

1. Workers in two-earner households begin riding to work together

When workers in two-earner households start sharing the same means to the workplace, it saves on the expenses that would be incurred for transportation of the latter. It affects the housing trend and movements along with the graph shifts rightwards due to the hike in demand for houses as the sharing of transportation means saves more to cater to the housing expenses.

Increase in demand for housing

After the demand curve shifts, the market demand for new houses is no longer at equilibrium. With the demand increasing due to the availability of finances, which is more than the producers can provide to the buyers creating a shortage in the market. For the restoration of the equilibrium in the market, the producers are expected to adjust their pricing higher and development of more houses to counter the demand segment.

2. Urbanization in the traditional set up was developed where the centers that were used for trading, i.e. exchange of goods and services and the persons involved in the provision of the goods and services gathered at one specified point where they conducted the business activities.in the same location for trading, they started setting up buildings for storage and conduction of their daily activities. The more the buildings they developed, the ample space they provided for other traders to conduct their trading activities. The development of more products and the availability of a variety of services increased the number of participants in the market operations. Increasing the urge for development of more structures for the conduction of business. This supported the infrastructural development of the centers to urban aspects, thus promoting the establishment of urban centers and their spread.

a.The central location of the metropolitan has been realized due to the flexibility and reaches to the market by both the buyers and sellers at ease. This is enabling the users of the market to drive the full benefits of the operations of the market through buying and selling the products and services that have fostered revenue collection to the government organs, which assisted in the development of the metropolitans. Despite the benefits realized from the centralization of the metropolitans, there exist some factors that hinder their development; lack of expansion space as they are located in a strategic position surrounded by roads or other natural factors such as rivers or lakes. When it comes to the expansion of their operations, it becomes hard due to the limited spacing.

b.Decentralization of cities has ensured and guaranteed the government and practitioners availability of alternatives on spacing for the provision of expansion site when needed.thus guaranteeing no failure of urbanization due to the limitations of space for development. The cost that comes up with decentralization is the huge capital consumption that is used to develop such areas. For instance, the development of infrastructure such as roads connecting the new locations tends to be more expensive than when the cities are concentrated in one location.

c.MARTA system of operations is committed to the expansion of infrastructure, i.e. Railway and road connection within the cities. Its adoption will improve the business operations that are prevalent due to the availability of transport services within the cities. The easier it is to move from one point of the city to another, the higher the opportunities that are developed for the conduction of business activities, which fosters the growth of the cities.

3. The monocentric city model assumed a central export node that is the railroad terminal, agglomeration economies, the hub and spoke streetcar system and the clean streets that are no trash on streets. The model comprises unrealistic assumptions where the housing stock is perfectly flexible, the absence of zoning and regulations and residents being similar. Modern cities provide a greater complexity within their internal structure. Their evolvement is characterized by the influence that is raised by different processes; cultural, geographic, social, political and economic factors. The modern cities are larger and contain higher employment densities, more per capita income and reduced poverty rates when evaluated with the monocentric cities.
4. The thoughts of Mahatma Gandhi have faced various criticism from economists, and other researchers disagree with the statement that’s he stated that the lives of the Indians are dependent on the villages. Economists argued that rural life was self-satisfying, as Gandhi suggested but was full of limitations to the entrepreneurial and economic development compared to the people who live in urban areas. Where the villages have various obligations when it comes to dealing with the factor of business operation. This is hindered due to the lack of enough market for the products and lack of access to the buyers and sellers due to the poor conditions of road in the rural areas. Gandhi’s perception of preferring the rural areas was basically for promoting environmental conservation rather than articulation for urbanization.

5 a.It is true suburban sprawl requires more regulation as it is fostering to obesity due to the uncontrolled growth on the housing, commercial developments and other infrastructure. without any planning that has caused congestion, thus the urge for the regulation of urban development to curb congestion.

b.It is uncertain as to whether the fall in prices in the telecommunication sector will lead to the relocation of the population form cities to the outlying areas. Since the population is not certain whether other services will also be subsidized and made available to them in the underlying areas poses a halt for them on relocating due to uncertainty.

1. True: The provision of subsidies on hybrid vehicles will be within the urban planning ideologies that encourage the usage of vehicles consuming low energy and reduces pollution as the hybrid designed vehicles do.
2. The legal prescription (non- generic)drug market

The view discussed the presence of scarcity concerning the impact of patent expiry on drugs. The realization of the expiry date of the drug patents increased the number of generic drugs that are available to the consumers, which alters the equilibrium due to the availability of more drugs than the price that is currently set. To regain stability, the costs have to be focused on the number of available goods.

• Market for automobiles

Automobiles depend on the utilization of input raw materials such as steel for production purposes. an increase in the value of steel half its current price depicts that the automobile industry will be in a position to buy less steel due to the high prices. Therefore the quantity produced q1 is decreased, and prices p1 shoots up due to the high demand prevailing.to meet the equilibrium demands, the company is expected to moderate the exorbitant prices by deriving alternatives for increasing the level of production to counter the increase in prices.

• The market for daily newspapers

The daily newspapers are losing value due to the availability of the same information through the internet. This shifting the quantity demanded q1 leftwards, and the price p1 reduces due to the less demand of the products altering the equilibrium point of graphical representation. To achieve the equilibrium, the producers of newspapers are expected to consider the promotion methods that are used to improve the relevance of their products and to focus on the pricing technique to embrace more buyers and increasing the quantity demanded to realize back the equilibrium position.

• Turbo tax introduction to the market

The introduction of the turbo tax system into the market was received by more reluctant mode by the taxpayers who termed it as inconsistent. The quantity q1 that was demanded shifted backwards and thus affecting the pricing p1, which also deteriorated. These changes affected the balance at the equilibrium. The realization of the stability is achieved by the state deriving measures and opinions from the residents on the tax system that they prefer, thus increasing the quantity q1 that is demanded. Through the increased demand, the prices p1 will also rise to meet the demand expectations, thus reaching the equilibrium point.