REGIONS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE UNITARY STATE OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
Understanding the existence of areas within the Framework of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia that after declaring independence, the first to be formed was the Government of the State of Indonesia, namely the National Government which is responsible for regulating and managing the Indonesian nation, protecting the entire nation and the blood of Indonesia, as well as helping to maintain world order based on independence, eternal peace and social justice. that the composition of the regional division consists of large regions, special regions, and small areas of villages or other designations (nagari, hamlet, clan, huta, curia, gampong, meunasah). The division of the regional composition did not make the Indonesian state fragmented, but remained in one bond, namely the Indonesian state government affairs based on Article 18, 18A, and 18B of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia confirms that the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is a unitary state with a regional government system based on decentralization, deconcentration and assistance tasks. a. [unique_solution]The Decentralization Principle It is a principle that states the surrender of a number of government affairs from a higher-level Local Government to a lower-level Regional Government so that it becomes a household matter b. Deconcentration Principle Is the delegation of authority from the central government to regional heads or to lower agencies c. Principle of Co-Administration It is the assignment of the central government to the regions or from the regional government to villages for certain tasks and must be responsible for carrying out certain tasks to those who give the tasks The People′s Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia (MPR RI) states that there are seven principles that are the paradigm and political direction that underlies articles 18, 18A, and 18B, as follows. 1. Regional principles govern and manage their own government affairs according to the principle of autonomy and assistance tasks. 2. The principle of carrying out broadest autonomy. 3. Principle of regional specificity and diversity. 4. The principle recognizes and respects the unity of indigenous and tribal peoples along with their traditional rights. 5. Participants recognize and respect special and special local governments. 6. The principles of the representative body are directly elected in a general election. 7. The principle of central and regional relations is carried out in harmony and fair The Role of Regions in the Struggle for Independence The independence of the Indonesian people is the result of the struggle of the people in all parts of Indonesia. All the people fought together to usurp the rights of the nation taken by the invaders. The arrival of the Portuguese and the Dutch in Indonesian territory, which was continued with colonialism, received resistance from the Indonesian people in various regions. for example, the resistance during the Portuguese occupation, namely the resistance of the people of Maluku led by Sultan Harun and resistance during the Dutch colonialism, namely the resistance of the people of Maluku led by Pattimura. The role of regions in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is as follows. a. Maintaining the form and integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia b. Improve the welfare of the community in the fields of health, education, and community income. c. Advancing the nation through innovation and creativity of the state civil apparatus in the region. d. Develop a democratic society, nation and state life.