The Effects of Over Consumption of Alcohol on Cardiovascular Disease in Russia

The Effects of Over Consumption of Alcohol on Cardiovascular Disease in Russia

The definition of cardiovascular is the abnormal functioning of the heart or blood vessels. The commonly used word for the heart condition is heart disease. Women experience heart disease in the form of coronary heart disease. Sometimes it is called coronary heart disease majorly because of its involvement with the coronary arteries. The other kinds of cardiovascular are stroke, congestive heart failure, atherosclerosis, and other infections of the circulatory system. The threating factors for cardiovascular malady include alcohol consumption, smoking, plumpness, increased age, among other factors. In the following section, the essay provides the effects of overconsumption of alcohol on cardiovascular disease in Russia.

Alcohol poses a big problem of cardiovascular disease to the heart resulting in breathing difficulties. Cardiovascular disease is principal public health as well as a social, economic challenge. Currently, cardiovascular is responsible for almost 57% of deaths occurring in Russia, while non-communicable illnesses also harm about 90% (Petrukhin & Lunina, 2011). The significant ailments that identify an increased intensity of death due to cardiovascular are coronary heart problems together with cerebrovascular infections. These contribute 49.3% and 35.3 % of all deaths, respectively (Petrukhin & Lunina, 2011). An outstanding characteristic of cardiovascular in Russia is that most of the fatalities happen in the working-age cluster. One needs to understand that the homogenous death proportion from cardiovascular in Russia is two or three times greater than in the industrialized nations.

Alcohol overconsumption on cardiovascular disease leads to death. The life prospect in Russia in the 1960s for a little time came close to that of the western nations because of a steady reduction in mortality from infectious diseases (Razvodovsky, 2016).In the Soviet Union between 1965 and 1990, death inclinations in both males and females were due to the gradual increase of cardiovascular. Russia has the highest number of liquor consumption where in the last twenty years, there have been recordings of an individual taking about 10 to 15litres of alcohol. According to statistics, in 2004, almost 70% of males took alcohol, while 47% of females also engaged in alcohol taking (Razvodovsky, 2016). The consumption of alcohol has a close link to various cardiovascular diseases like heart failure, arrhythmia, and brain hemorrhage (Petrukhin & Lunina, 2011). Russia continues to experience high levels of deaths from cardiovascular infections because of the high intake of alcohol.

Chronic drinkers of alcohol portray withdrawal syndrome, which is highly indicated by psycho-neurological factors after the termination of beer intake. The disorder leads to an increase in blood pressure leading to the heart rate acceleration due to the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous structure (Razvodovsky, 2016). The pressor reaction in the course of alcohol withdrawal reaches the peak after cessation, and the blood pressure, in this case, lowers to a decreased amount equated with baseline. Such occurs after alcohol withdrawal in heavy drinkers. The daily drinkers undergo a slight notch of recurrent alcohol withdrawal in everyday life, thus contributing to alcohol-related hypertension leading to cardiovascular disease (Hanley et al., 2018). Russia continues to struggle with the alcohol overconsumption problem that continues posing a danger for cardiovascular disease.

Alcohol continues to increase the number of cardiovascular cases with studies indicating that in Russia, the population taking alcohol reflect cardiovascular death trends. In the 1980s, the recognizable reduction of deaths resulting from alcohol intake was because of Gorbachev’s campaign against alcohol overconsumption (Razvodovsky, 2016). The decrease in Vodka consumption has aided Russia to witness a sharp reduction in the deaths resulting from cardiovascular diseases. The shift in the consumption of beer due to the control measures on alcohol has played a positive impact on lowering the deaths in Russia that were coming from untreated cardiovascular disease.

Alcohol overconsumption on cardiovascular disease contributes to difficulty in treating the disease. In finding out this, there was research addressing the association between cardiovascular and alcohol in Russia, which applied an erudite statistical modeling method (Starodubov et al., 2016). The outcomes of the excursion designated that there is a definite link between liquor intake per capita and cardiovascular death tolls in Russia from 1980-2005. The estimations were that 21.4% of demises in Russia have attributions to liquor. Such indicates that high intakes of alcohol lead to cardiovascular problems, thus leading to difficulty in treating the disease.

Too much alcohol intake, especially among people with cardiovascular disease, leads to hypertension deaths in Russia. Increased regional death rates are resulting from cardiovascular in Russia, with Northwest recording the highest figures in 2009. The data was 1262.8 per 100,000 in the Tver area and the Southern Federal District; it was 309.3 per 100,000 in Chechnya and 164.7 per 100,000 in Ingushetia (Petrukhin & Lunina, 2011). Continued alcohol consumption also leads to a low economy in Russia and increased cardiovascular diseases. Such is due to the continued damage of the potential working age for the state, posing a danger to the social as well as the economic wellbeing of people (Petrukhin & Lunina, 2011). The more funds allocated would be directed in the fight against alcohol rather than the cardiovascular treatment

Many people are taking alcohol to reduce stress end up developing cardiovascular diseases. The majority of the affected are poor people, where a study in 1999 showed that they are the worst affected. The poor living conditions make some people over-consume alcohol to relieve their minds, although they end up getting cardiovascular disease (Vishnevsky, Andreev & Timonin, 2017). Men from deprived social backgrounds are mainly the affected cluster. Majorly those with low income use alcohol, and they undergo the most challenging times because they cannot afford better healthcare.

Alcohol intake has a close association with both the female and male coronary heart disease death rates. In Russia, as discovered by Razvodovsky between 1970 and 2005, a one-liter intake of alcohol would lead to high levels of the male ischemic heart disease death rate as well as 2.7% elevation in female coronary heart disease death intensities (2016). The outcomes of the analysis show that 4.1% of each death of a male and 30.7% from coronary heart disease in Russia could have a relationship with liquor. The alcohol estimation portion for males was from 24.0 %( 75+ age cluster) to 62.0 %( 15-29 age set). For the females, it was from 20.0% (75 + age group) to 64.0 %( 30-44 age group) (Razvodovsky, 2016). There is a variance between the age groups when it comes to attributing alcohol as the cause of cardiovascular disease leading to death (Jargin, 2017). Young and middle-aged men and women, just as expected, have the highest amount of alcohol-attributable demises, with almost all deaths ascribed to alcohol. Such indicates that there are so many alcohol-associated difficulties among the youth and the middle age.

Alcohol poisoning on cardiovascular disease due to ethanol-induced paralysis of the respiratory center of the brain continues to pose a big challenge for the Russian people. Alcohol tends to inhibit the contraction of the cardiac muscle in a dose-dependent nature. The adverse inotropic action is superficial in the alienated heart or after obstructing the autonomic nervous coordination (Pushkarev et al., 2019). The functioning of the cardiac remains constant after alcohol administration in healthy humans. Such leads to the undesirable impact of alcohol on the heart.

There are pathological mechanisms through which binge drinking of vodka contributes to death from cardiovascular disease. Low-density lipoproteins increase due to alcohol overconsumption amounts leading to advanced effects on the cardiovascular system (Razvodovsky, 2016). Irregular alcohol intake predisposes one to an abnormality of the myocardial conducting system and a decrease in the threshold for arrhythmia, particularly atrial fibrillation. Continued drinking of alcohol thus leads to adverse effects of blood clotting, which may result in the death of a person.

Control of cardiovascular mortality

In the 1980s, there was a desire to end cardiovascular deaths in Russia. There was the formation of Countrywide Integrated Non-communicable Diseases Intervention (CINDI), which was a database that the World Health Organization sponsored. The WHO wanted to document cardiovascular threat elements and operational mediations (Razvodovsky, 2016).There has been an accumulation of behavior transformation towards a healthy living in the twenty regions that CINDI occupies. The formation of the first findings on cardiovascular disease was enhanced as a section of CINDI. The research projects in Russia on hypertension regulation, together with the prevention of coronary illness in men, show a probability in lowering death resulting from stroke. There was a successful informing of the risk factors among children through an educational program (Zubko, Semyonova& Sabgayda, 2017).On the contrary, the plans did not have further enhancement on a national scale.

There are still existing barriers to the curbing of cardiovascular diseases. Russia is one of the nation’s taking an essential step in the advancement of cardiovascular disease prevention. It does this through the conception of a multidisciplinary inter-sectorial article “Strategy for Prevention and Control of Non- communicable Diseases and Injuries in the Russian Federation” created in 2008 by Russian and worldwide specialists. The hindrances to the reduction of cardiovascular diseases encompass monopolies’ existence and inadequate legislation. The others include opposing interests of associates, the inexistence of critical mass of specialists, and experts in the healthcare sector (Zubko, Semyonova& Sabgayda, 2017). Russia today is continuing with the fight against cardiovascular disease, especially the curbing of high alcohol intakes. It is taking vital implementations of the new public health tactics to outdo the present condition.

Conclusion

Russia must enhance its investment in the healthcare sector to alleviate cardiovascular disease prevalence. It should come up with strategies and programs for cardiovascular disease treatment, together with prevention for other non-communicable diseases. The risk factors like alcohol overconsumption need addressing for the country to produce responsible citizens and reduce death rates. Russia has high death rates due to the large intake of alcohol contributing to cardiovascular diseases, just as different studies indicate. People need to change their behavior towards alcohol to avoid cardiovascular diseases and stay healthy.

References

Hanley, C., Matthews, K. A., Brooks, M. M., Janssen, I., Budoff, M. J., Sekikawa, A., … & El Khoudary, S. R. (2018). Cardiovascular fat in women at midlife: effects of race, overall adiposity, and central adiposity. The SWAN Cardiovascular Fat Study. Menopause (New York, NY), 25(1), 38.

Jargin, S. V. (2017). Cardiovascular mortality in Russia: a comment. Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy, 7(6), E13.

Petrukhin, I. S., & Lunina, E. Y. (2011). Cardiovascular disease risk factors and mortality in Russia: challenges and barriers. Public Health Reviews, 33(2), 436.

Pushkarev, G., Denollet, J., Kuznetsov, V., Spek, V., & Yaroslavskaya, E. (2019). Type D personality in Russian patients with cardiovascular disease: validity of the Russian DS14 (DS14-RU). BMC cardiovascular disorders, 19(1), 78.

Razvodovsky, YE. (2016). Population Drinking and Cardiovascular Mortality in Russia. Retrieved from https://www.longdom.org/open-access/population-drinking-and-cardiovascular-mortality-in-russia-2471-8726-1000179.pdf

Starodubov, V. I., Marczak, L. B., Varavikova, E., Bikbov, B., Ermakov, S. P., Gall, J., … & Lioznov, D. (2018). The burden of disease in Russia from 1980 to 2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet, 392(10153), 1138-1146.

Vishnevsky, A., Andreev, E., & Timonin, S. (2017). Mortality from cardiovascular diseases and life expectancy in Russia. Демографическое обозрение, 4(5).

Zubko, A. V., Semyonova, V. G., & Sabgayda, T. P. (2017). The reducing cardiovascular mortality in Russia in the context of death statisticsAleksandr Zubko. European Journal of Public Health, 27(suppl_3).