Annotated Bibliography on assumption and stereotypes used in medical psychiatric purposes

Annotated Bibliography on assumption and stereotypes used in medical psychiatric purposes

Aggarwal, Neil Krishan. “Medical Orientalism and the War on Terror: Depictions of Arabs and Muslims in the Psychodynamic Literature post-9/11.” Journal of Muslim Mental Health, vol. 6, no. 1, 2011, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/jmmh.10381607.0006.102

In this research, the researcher examines the assumption and stereotypes used in medical psychiatric purposes. According to the research, Edward Said’s concept of orientalism is situated within medicine as a hermeneutic for cultural critique (Aggarwal). The paper therefore aims at understanding the psychodynamic factors surrounding suicide bombers and the perceived connection to the Islamic religion.

The paper makes a direction connection between medicine and the perception of the Islamic religion in a manner otherwise never used before. The examination of the implications of psychiatric orientalism in medical context against the Muslims is important enables the elimination of prejudice in mental health service provision. The research answers previously ignored questions in the mental health of Muslims in connection to association with terrorism.

Medical outcomes heavily depend on health services providers. The research will assist my essay in understanding the effects of religious stereotypes in health care provision. The perspective that a health practitioner has of a patient determines the level of care with which they care for mental and physical health. The researcher’s findings will therefore shade a light on the connection between religion, stereotypes and medical outcomes.

Goncalves, J, Lucchetti, G, Menezes, P, and Vallada, H. “Religious and spiritual interventions in mental health care: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.”NCBI, vol. 45,no.14,2015, pp. 2937-2949,doi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4595860/

The authors of these articles focused on the impacts of Religious and Spiritual Interventions (RSI) in mental health. The study followed the observation of random clinical trials. Secondly, the inquiry followed a systematic meta-analysis approach to gaining necessary data required to make conclusive conclusions (Goncalves et al.). The research found that RSI reduced the levels of stress, depression and other forms of mental illness.

The research combined the use of scientific and religious aspects to decode mental health. The combination of both aspects increases the creditability of proposed results. Additionally, the paper was prepared by professionals who have previously carried out other successive studies. The combination of skills and extensive research facilitate the clear understanding of the topic at hand.

The research will contribute to my essays exploration of the impact of RSI in mental health matters. Although the connection between religious beliefs and mental health exists, the paper will inform the meta-analytical evidence of the relationship.

Hefti, Rene. “Integrating Religion and Spirituality into Mental Health Care, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy.” Religions, 2011,  2^nd November, pp. 611-627, doi:10.3390/rel2040611

Rene uses previously conducted researches to explore the impacts of religion on mental health patients. The paper starts by acknowledging the controversy associated with religion and medical approach to mental health (Hefti). The research then proceeds to describe and analyse the said researches in an attempt to understand the connection more profoundly.

The research was based on other studies meaning it only summarized previous findings. The lack of originality makes the study’s finding unauthentic. Although the studies used as secondary sources of data might posses’ legitimacy, the direct unavailability of their findings makes the current study unreliable.

The inconsistency and uncertainty created by the use of purely secondary data made sceptical about the appropriateness of this resource. While the resource might provide pointers on what to look out for in my research, the lack of credibility limits my ability to include the findings of this resource in my essay.

Koening, Harold. “Religion, Spirituality, and Health: The Research and Clinical Implications.” NCBI, 2012, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3671693/

The research focuses on exploring the connection between mental and physical health and religion or spirituality. The research revolves around the implications of religion on the mental and physical health of believers. According to the researcher, the connection between medical processes and religion has existed for as long and man’s recorded history has been inexistence (Koening). The results indicated a positive relationship where by religious faith improved medical outcomes.

The resource’s approach to the topic makes it a credible source of information. The author conducts an in-depth data collection and analysis to make the final conclusions and recommendation. For instance, the articles used were peer reviewed making the results not only credible but also relevant to present day application. The prepositions made by the paper are therefore well informed.

To understand the role of played by religion in a science dependent medical era, detailed experiments are paramount. Koening’s work will be instrumental in explaining the connection between abstract factors such as faith and joy presented by religion and spirituality in and positive medical outcomes.

Manderscheid, Ronald et al. “Evolving Definitions of Mental Illness and Wellness. “NCBI, vol. 7, no. 1,2009, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2811514/

Ronald Manderscheid focuses on the comprehensive definition of mental health and wellness in his study. The paper makes a complete evaluation of the history of the definition of mental health and wellness. According to the author, the current definition of wellness refers absence of disease (Manderscheid). The research bases its complete definition of health from extensive research on occurrences that define illness.

The researcher used different sources to define mental illness and health. The comprehensive examination of what it means to be mentally ill ensures that the definition given covers all possible cases. Additionally, the paper makes an additional effort to explain the social factors that contribute to mental illness.

The definition of mental illness constitutes the starting point of my research. The study will therefore be instrumental in understanding characteristics which constitute mental health in order to understand its connection to religion and medical outcomes.

Martin, James. “Where is God in a Pandemic? “ The New York Times, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/22/opinion/coronavirus-religion.html

In the face of a wildly spreading virus, James Martin explores the role of religion in comforting and giving hope to the masses. In his article, the author uses personal experience to introduce the role played by God during medical hardships (Martin). The article proofs that in the face of calamity, God becomes a central source of strength required to overcome medical adversity.

The paper uses real time experiences to proof the author’s case. The use of a personal experience to explain the role played by religion and specifically God creates credibility for the articles. In a time when faith is needed, God is effectively depicted as the ultimate source of strength.

The article will inform my study’s application of faith during medical hardships. The article provides a real life experience on the effectiveness of religion and faith in dealing with medical emergencies and the journey to health.

Newman, Lewis Leanne. “Faith, Spirituality and Religion: A Model for Understanding the Differences.” https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ956981.pdf

The research is based on the aim to differentiate between different spiritual and religious beliefs.  Faith is explained as a hard concept to define due to its diverse implications while religion of defined as a set of beliefs constituting the spiritual map of individuals (Newman). The understanding of the differences between the concepts is paramount in understanding religion.

Explaining religious concept is hard, therefore, the attempts made by the article evidence the author’s familiarity with religious matters availing credibility for his definitions. Additionally, the systematic connection of concepts gives a comprehensive definition of religion and faith.

The resource is useful to my essay since it enables the understanding of religion. In order to make a clear connection between religion and mental health, it is important to understand the intricate meaning of faith and spirituality.

Potik, David. “In Loving God’s Spirit: Integrating the 12Step Program Into Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy.”ResearchGate, vol. 12, no.4, 2010, pp. 255-272, doi: https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1080%2F19349637.2010.518829

The research is based on the possible implementation of God oriented procedures in treating mental conditions associated with psychotherapy. According to the researcher, belief in God and spirituality constitute significant components of subjectivity, but the psychoanalytic school of thought has disregarded these ideas for many years (Potik). The proposed steps would include 12 spiritually laced steps to assist patients gain mental health.

The research focuses on providing a spiritual solution to mental health. The research depends on patient’s willingness to accept spiritual assistance to achieving mental health. The approach is realistic since the assumption that all patients are willing to try spiritual methods is faulty. This is evidence that the author thought through the implications of religion on mental health.

The paper will assist in understating the importance of patient acceptability of religion aided medical approaches to mental treatment. While the study focuses on the connection between faith and mental health, it is paramount to consider the different perceptive of patients in religion and health.

Ward, David. “The Lived Experience of Spiritual Abuse.”Mental Health, Religion and Culture,2010, pp. 899-915, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2010.536206

The research explores the mental exploitation of religious practices which contribute to mental illness to victims. In this case, the religious aspects considered are those that conform to the characteristics of cults (Ward). The research explored factors such as spiritual bulling and spiritual neglect which forms a huge part of religiously caused mental illness.

The application of a comprehensive theoretical framework in exploring the topic makes the research credible. In the research, the mainstream features of religious manipulation which leads to mental breakdown are used. The research therefore examined the major aspect of religion based mental illness.

The research will serve to bring a fresh perspective to the connection between religion and mental health. The retrospective nature of the study will serve to remove any form of bias when examining the relationship between mental health and spirituality.

Yee, Vivian. “In a Pandemic, Religion can be a Balm and a Risk.” The New York Times, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/22/world/middleeast/coronavirus-religion.html

The article explores the double sided impacts of religion during crisis. The writer argues that religion has the capacity to act as a source of comfort during times when the globe is facing the corona virus (Yee). On the other hand, it can act as a source of ignorance which can worsen the medical implications of COVID-19 virus.

The article connects religion to current medical realities. The article is well written and makes a comprehensive examination of the religious positive and negative implications in the global crisis. As a result, the examination of both sides shows the writer’s unbiased approach to the topic.

Although the article lacks a direct connection to my research, its implication bears some truths valuable to the course of my thesis. For instance, the article will inform the claim that the adoption of religious beliefs can cause negative and ignorant actions that worsen a patient’s medical outcomes.