Biological diversity
Biological diversity refers to all forms of living things on the surface of the earth; they include bacteria, fungi, insects, vertebrates, and invertebrates.it also shows levels to which this living thing belongs like populations, species ecosystems, landscapes and many more. It also describes the way this living thing relates to each other or how they depend on each other like competition, symbiosis, predation, among many others. On the other hand, conservation biology is the science that focuses on how to take care of biodiversity and how to make it better.
Extinction is a significant threat to biodiversity. The rate of extinction in the world today has surpassed the natural way. Biodiversity is getting destroyed each day, and human beings are the chief destroyers of it. Forests and the wild areas get cleared to create space for building houses, building up industries, and even to get farmlands (Carrington, 1). Poaching and hunting for food is another problem. Most mammal species are being eaten as food and lead to their reduction. Pollution is another silent killer of biodiversity. Toxic emissions from industries, wastes from farms, and human beings are threats to both plants and animals’ mores the aquatic life. Sewages directed to rivers, lakes, and even oceans have led to the deaths of many lives in water.
The rate at which biodiversity is getting lost is very worrying and will severely affect human beings. Human beings get most of the raw materials from nature, starting from medicine, food, industrial products, and. Decomposing bacteria and fungi provide nutrients to the soil and water (Lange-Kabitz, 389). Biodiversity also protects water sources and catchment areas like forests and rocks, contributes to climate stability since the flow of winds and rain patterns will not be affected and also offers a beautiful environment for recreation and tourism activities (Everard, 1). The above arguments give reasons as to why biodiversity is essential.
Biodiversity plays a significant role in the ecosystem. Ecosystem services like water purification controlling soil erosion, controlling climate, pollination in different plants, and clean air are essential in human life. Biodiversity should, therefore, be preserved as it evident that it got lots of advantages to most living organisms like human beings and aquatic life (Madi, Vos, Legendre, and Shapiro, 2). The killing of species like elephants, lions, rhinos, tigers, and other wild animals should stop because the more they get killed, the more they become extinct.
Habitats should not get destroyed at all. They are the homes to these organisms that got lots of benefits. They should, therefore, be conserved and taken care of. Pollution is another menace; it should be stopped if it cannot be reduced. Alternative methods should be used to dispose of sewage and other wastes like metals (Wicke, 60). Species should be kept in their environments. Taking them to a different environment increases the chances of them dying.
All species are essential, but some species are more important than others. Foundation species, generally known as common species, are very vital in the ecosystem, and their management can support the whole ecosystem. Their role in controlling biodiversity is crucial, and they are mostly the target for primary researches. Common species are also a source of naming, for example, mangroves. Such species should be given the priority to be preserved as compared to the rare species which do not (Wicke, Arne, and Mike, 2) have a very crucial role to play in biodiversity. From the above arguments, biodiversity is critical, and the whole world should be at the forefront to conserve and take care of it.