Biomechanic technical report.

Biomechanic technical report.

Biomechanics is a combination of both the engineering field as well as the biology and physiology field. It applies principles obtained from the mechanic’s field in engineering to the human body for understanding mechanic influences on the human bones and joints. It is how the skeletal and musculature systems work under different conditions—application of physics and mathematical forms of analysis to discover the limits and capabilities of biological systems.

As biomechanics is the study of human movement and interactions with the environment, the field has myriad applications in daily life and touches on many different sciences. It provides a rationale that is essential in the evaluation of systems that intervene to improve the lives of people. Biomechanics allows educators in the identification of physical activities that may contribute to the identification of activities that may lead to the development of muscles and gain fitness.

The principles underlying biomechanics include Force-motion, Range of Motion, inertia, and force-time. These Principles underlie the science of movement and include how muscles, bones tendons and ligaments work in unison to provide body movement. It extends to more than bones and muscles to the various organ processes in the body. This includes the brain, which is at the core of coordinating activities in the body by sending impulse through the nerves to all body parts for body movement. This heart is at the core of blood circulation and the kidney, which is at the core of the renal functions. Biomechanics being a part of kinesiology, narrows down the spectrum of this field to focus on the mechanics of movements.

There is extensive inculcation of many mechanical elements in biomechanics and which include statics, dynamics, kinematics as well as kinetics. This report narrows down to the knee from the larger whole body of a human being. Of all the joints in the body, the knee is one of the most important ones. It joins the femur, which runs from the pelvic girdle and the tibia, which runs to the ankle.

The knee joint is made up of two joints of three bones and which include the tibiofemoral joint, which is made up of the medial and lateral component, and the patellofemoral joint. The three bones that are joint together by the two joints include the femur superiorly, the tibia inferiorly, and the patella anteriorly. Muscles and soft tissues such as tendons, cartilage, and the ligament are attached to the knee joint and help the knee joint maintain stability during movements.

The knee joint allows free movements to be easily made through six different degrees, including three rotational components about the axes of a coordinate system and three transitional components along these axes. The Cartesian coordinate system is used as the referencing system in biomechanics. It is through this system that knee movements can be well illustrated and clearly defined.

The Cartesian coordinate system consists of three axes that include the anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and longitudinal axes that correspond to the frontal, the sagittal, and the transverse planes. These planes divide the body into different parts in which the frontal plane divides the body into the front and back parts, the sagittal plane divides it into the left and right halves, and the transverse plane divides the body into the top and bottom parts. The Cartesian coordinate system embedded in the tibia and femur defines the transitional and rotational knee coordinated movement system. In the knee joint coordinate system, flexion-extension occurs about the femoral axis, internal-external rotation occurs about the tibial axis and abduction-adduction about an axis that is perpendicular to the femoral and tibial axes. The lateral-medial, distal-proximal, and posterior-anterior translations occur along each of the three coordinate axes, respectively.

Having all this background information on biomechanics concerning the knee, injuries may occur to the knee that may cause stress to the muscles and ligaments, leading to pain being felt at the knee joint. These injuries can be repetitive or traumatic. Repetitive injuries include Lateral Epicondylitis, Medial Epicondylitis, and Achilles Tendinopathy, while the Traumatic injuries include Fractures, Muscle Strain, and Ligament Sprains.

The injuries may be brought about by abnormal biomechanics resulting in an unusual reaction that may lead to the skeletal system reacting inappropriately. Muscle imbalance, poor sporting technique, poor posture as well as faulty sporting attire, which can be uncomfortable sporting shoes, are some of the various causes of these injuries. Only trained physiotherapists can see the injuries as they’ve been taught and therefore making it impossible for an average person to notice them. He can only feel the pain once the damage has occurred.

A physiotherapist may apply physio treatment such as strengthening exercise, electrotherapy, joint mobilization, massage, movement re-education, and stretching exercises. These treatments will aid in relieving pain from the patient’s joints and relaxing the muscles that been strained as well as repair ligaments and tendons that had been torn. The treatment to be administered will be determined by the cause, location, and symptom of the injury.

The right knee is generally weak and therefore, cannot support the body weight either can it maintain balance during movement. The pain comes as a result of the massive body weight acting upon the right knee, which is unable to withstand. This is as a result of a repetitive injury in the form of muscle strain on the leg muscles and ligament strain on the right leg. It is established to have been caused by overstretching of the right leg during sporting activity.

The right leg was overworked an in the process being strained excessively in which it was more involved in activities without being let to rest. As a result, a fracture also developed on the right knee leading to more pain and weakening of the right leg. General massage would ease the pain around the knee as it would help relax the muscle strain. Stretching exercise will also be essential in treatment as it will make the muscles expand and contract rhythmically, making them at ease.

A strengthening exercise will also help the weak knee gain strength. As a result, the knee will be able to support the body weight as well as maintain balance during movements. After the knee has been strengthened, joint mobilization is essential to reaffirm the knee to restore it to its optimal function and reduce pain. This can be done through repositioning techniques.

In conclusion, the weakened and painful knee can be treated as soon as possible to avoid the client’s discomfort as well as leading to permanent damage of the knee that will interfere with the client’s mobility as well as his activeness in sporting activities.

Works cited

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