Age Group Characteristics: Campus Recreation Leisure programming based on age or life stage is a popular strategy because people of different ages exhibit varying levels of physical, socioemotional, and cognitive abilities. Therefore, their recreation needs and preferences differ. In the case of campus recreation, the majority of the target audience are campus students who are in their late adolescence (16 to 21 years).  In terms of physical development, the students are very concerned about their physical development and body image. Many have attained adult height and body shape. Cognitive wise, they hold an idealistic view of the world and can test hypothesis, engage in planning and problem-solving. On socioemotional development, they are striving to achieve self-identity, responsibility, and freedom from adults. The above information about the participants will help our agency to develop programs that suit their needs. For example, due to their ability to handle abstractions and test hypotheses, we will involve them in program design, choosing the programs, as well as their implementation to meet their unique needs. Developmental assets are positive attributes, aspects, and resources that would…

Digital Media Communications PR Campaign Social media usage has become crucial for public relations campaigning for their products and services. Companies have learned to target their customers by using social media as it attracts a large number of users. In the United States alone, 77% of the people have a social media account (Harmon & Reddy, 2016). It is estimated that the use of social media advertisement is likely to grow to about $48 billion by 2021 (Harmon & Reddy, 2016). One of the companies that have managed to use social media to its advantage is Lane Bryant, a women’s clothing chain store retail brand that focuses on dressing plus size women. The company was established in 1904 and began with maternity designs. It has grown with time to become the largest retailer of plus size clothes in the United States. It has a chain of about 700 retail stores and a creative website. Half of the women in the US wear size 14 or larger. Lane Bryant focuses on style-conscious 25 to 45-year-old sections of the market (Harmon &…

Book Analysis    Book Analysis Summary The book Starfish and the Spider by Brafman and Beckstrom is centered on organizational leadership (Brafman & Beckstrom, 2006). The authors compare different leadership styles used in organizations and the impacts of the same techniques. The authors specifically pay attention to centralized and decentralized forms of leadership. The starfish is thus used to depict leadership that is diverse and functional at many levels. The starfish, for example, does not die or lose function even if one leg is cut off. It regenerates assuming a regular role. Its cutting does also not affect the remaining limbs, which continue to function as usual. The spider, on the other hand, loses function when its head is cut off. The former analogy is used to signify decentralized leadership, which encourages functionality at various levels. The latter analogy is used to signify a centralized leadership style that fosters functionality from a focal point of command (Brafman & Beckstrom, 2006, p37).  It, therefore, means that when the focal point of power is threatened or weakened, the organization faces challenges. Themes…

              Instagram Targets Young Adults for Commercial Sales Skylar Cummings University of Minnesota                 Abstract In recent years, social media marketing has gained considerable popularity. It has become a powerful resource for businesses, entrepreneurs and advertisers to reach out to their target audiences and build long-term consumer relationships with enhanced engagement. Advertisers have turned their attention to Instagram, the influential social photography network. One strategy for reaching customers has been advertisements that may imitate posts made by one’s acquaintances. These native advertisements use the conventions of Instagram, and may, at first glance, be unrecognized as sponsored messages when browsing Instagram. Understanding consumer behavior is useful for entrepreneurs and marketers in developing more efficient ways of reaching the right audience to achieve their marketing goals. This study also will provide data on how fashion brands use the media of Instagram and how they promote it. Introduction Initially launched in 2010, Instagram boasts an incredible 400 million monthly active users. Instagram is now one of the fastest-growing outlets ever…

Controversy in Sports  It is usually inevitable that there will be human error, and it plays a huge factor in sports. Mistakes will be made, passes will be dropped, and open shots can be missed. However, nothing is usually as infuriating for spectators as when controversial decisions are made, or circumstances occur which are so queer that no one is sure how the moment will be resolved (Rapp, 2011). Particularly in football, VAR or Video Assistant Referees has become a controversial topic because of the contradictory outcomes from the video assistant referees. Video assistant referee refers to a match official in football association that reviews decisions that are made by the principal referee. Following extensive experimentation in a plethora of major competitions, the International Football Association initially introduced VAR into the game’s laws in 2018. It primarily operated under the philosophy of ‘maximum benefit and minimum interference,’ and its primary purpose was to provide a correction means for errors that are clear and obvious as well as missed serious incidences. In particular, the VAR can review four categories of decisions,…

Sports Leadership Sports are bodily activities usually meant for competition and pleasure. They run under a set of agreed regulations that all the participants should follow. Therefore, there is a need for an appropriate system of leadership to manage a sport and ensure its success.  A proper administration facilitates the formulation of understandable visions, apposite communication of the ideas among the team members, and provision of necessary resources to implement the views. Moreover, several studies conducted previously outline what encompasses suitable sports leadership. Leadership exists in a social environment, which entails interactive groups forming one unique body. As such, social setting functions through the principle of shared roles. Since a sport creates a social network, it incorporates the principle of shared responsibilities (Fransen et al., 2015). Besides, every member of a team is essential and participates in making the team whole. Thus it is necessary to acknowledge patrons, coaches, captains, and other resourceful support units not directly engaged in sporting. Therefore, appropriate sports leadership appreciates the presence and input of all team members. According to research on transformational leadership in…

Sports Injuries Sporting activities are among the essential activities that individuals need to take part in for maintenance of good health. As much as sporting activities are suitable, often time individuals can end up hurting themselves during these activities.  (MedlinePlus)It is true to say that the injuries that happen during sporting activities are caused by inadequate training, accidents, or even gears that are improper. Besides, it is also true to say that participating in sporting activities when not in good shape can result in sporting injuries. It is also true to say that in the sporting grounds, there are some of the most common injuries that occur. These injuries include injuries on the knees, dislocations at some joints, rotator cuff injuries, strains and sprains, pain that happens along the shin bone, swelling of muscles, fractures, and Achilles tendon injuries among other injuries.  (MedlinePlus)When such injuries occur, the injured persons should stop participating in the sport that he or she was taking part in. The reason why they should stop playing is that continuing with sporting activity can cause more harm…

Should College Athletes Be Paid for Playing Sports that Bring in Revenue? Dabo Sweney, the Clemson University football coach, earns $ 9.3 million annually, making him the highest-paid college coach in the country (Hoffer & Pincin 1). Evidently, coaches and managers of various college teams earn a huge amount of money. However, college athletes end up not benefiting moneywise from their talents and hard work. Whether or not college athletes should be paid has been on ongoing debate for a while now. There is a group of people that believes that these athletes should be paid for their efforts and talents. On the other hand, some people believe that college athletes benefit from exposure and scholarships. This paper argues that paying college athletes will benefit the players, the National Collegiate Athlete Association (NCAA), and the fans. To begin with, college sports is a multimillion industry. On this note, the National Collegiate Athlete Association (NCAA) makes approximately $ 891 million from basketball tournaments alone (Ewers). When other sports are put into consideration, it is clear than NCAA makes billions in annual…

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy is a disease that is currently gaining popularity in the medical field. Could sport be the primary cause of CTE? Are football players more exposed to the development of CTE than the general population? Introduction Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a degenerative neurological disease that has been known to cause cognitional, behavioral, motor skills, and mood changes or deficits among the victims. Repetitive or continuous head or brain injuries or trauma has been known to be the most factor that causes the disease. This medical term, CTE, is becoming familiar in medicine due to its direct relationship with head impacts. In the world of sport, especially boxing, rugby, and football, head impacts that cause brain trauma for the players happens more often in the field. Most researchers and medical practitioners look at CTE from the perspective of head impacts and not from the epidemiological perspective. CTE has been found in 80 to 98% of football players linked to repeated head injuries when autopsied. This paper gives an analysis of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE).…

Suppressing Emotions I suppress my emotions as a way of managing the thoughts arising from my mind. Emotional suppression is a type of strategy of regulating uncomfortable thoughts and feelings by making them more manageable (Iwamitsu et al., 2013). Research has shown that emotional suppression has a rebound effect on the thought structure of the individual. For instance, if an individual tries to push away a feeling or a thought, he or she ends up thinking more about the same issue (Stupar et al., 2014). Additionally, this effect applies if the person evades from discussing a given topic. Advantages and Disadvantages of Emotional Suppression The advantage of incorporation of emotional suppression is that it has assisted me in dealing with negative thoughts and feelings that would eventually distort my reasoning capacity. In return, the suppression of the negative emotions allows room for positive thoughts that are of value in my classwork, friendship circle, and family. I have been able to gather more friends after the adoption of this strategy due to the positive feelings and thoughts from my mind. On…