Conceptual challenges Lay, D. P. & De La Hunt, J. (1985). The Bail Reform Act of 1984: A Discussion. William Mitchell Law Review, 11(4), 930-954. Retrieved from https://open.mitchellhamline.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2570&context=wmlr Bail is a fundamental aspect of any justice system. Consequently, various scholars have studied its history and impact on the dispensation of justice. Such scholars include Lay and De La Hunt (1985). According to Lay and De La Hunt (1985), the Bail Reform Act of 1984 marked a fundamental change in the federal bail system in the country. Nevertheless, the two authors assert that it is vital to evaluate the law’s background to understand the contextual reasons for its passage.. The precursor to the 1984 law was the Bail Reform Act of 1966. The former law came into force following the recommendations of the Vera Institute under the Manhattan Bail Project in 1961 (Lay & De La Hunt, 1985). The 1966 law set the precedent that if a judge had access to some verified information on an accused person, then they could decide on whether such a person could be released before…

Horse- and- Buggy Genius Horse- and- Buggy Genius is a study of the Orthodox Old Order Mennonites of Ontario and the Old Colony Mennonites of Latin America. These two groups are linked to Canada. The Old Colony left Canada in the early twentieth century in search of religious freedom in Mexico and then to Blize, Paraguay, and Bolivia[1]. On the other hand, the Old Order Mennonites have been residents of southern Ontario for generations. The book explores the common commitment that both groups share in keeping their lives simple and free from technology while practicing an agrarian lifestyle. The two Mennonite groups share the same Anabaptist Christian custom but reflect diverse linguistic and geographic pasts, thus composing the ethnic phenomenon of the book’s title. Royden Loewen gives a comprehensible oral history of the two subcultures in the form of interviews looking into their adaptation, movement, and cultural contestation. According to the research done by Loewen, both of the groups have concluded that a simple agrarian life requires horse- and- buggy transportation, plain clothing, limited use of electricity, and most often…

English If I had a chance to have a conversation with a person in human history, I would like to talk with a John Maynard Keynes. I idolize Keynes, and he was an economist whose thoughts and ideas changed both macro-economic practise and theory as well as government economic policies. He has significant contributions in the field of economics and the 20th century most influential economist. Keynes was born in June 1883 and died in April 1946, however most of the economic principles and though are applied by today’s economists. I would feel privileged to have a conversation with Keynes since there are a lot of questions, I would like a clarification. He was trained in mathematics, but his thoughts and ideas in macroeconomics, particularly business cycles, made him be regarded as the father of modern macroeconomics. His school of thought and ideas are currently known as Keynesian economics. I would like to know how he managed to contribute in 1930s great depression by challenging neoclassical economics as well as the force that drove him. During his time, there were…

whether studying in English should be mandatory in my country Debate is rife on whether global native languages are at risk of disappearing with one dialect dying every fortnight. It is paramount that a lot has to be done to promote the use of local languages whether we adopt other foreign dialects or not. It does not mean that we should shun English but we should be careful not to compromise our native dialects. Therefore, this article will focus on whether studying in English should be mandatory in my country. It is commonly regarded by people from my country that in today’s global dynamics mastering the Queen’s language is mandatory. The English dialect is truly essential but not necessary. Many world leaders are successful yet most of them do not see the need to use the language. Most of them do not possess the minimum know-how of the language yet they make decisions on behalf of their nations. Therefore, the success of these leaders is not based on their knowledge of the English language, but expertise to make decisions. English…

Consequences of Sin on Generation In the bible, the bible chapters on Exodus 20:5-6 and Deuteronomy 24:16 seem to contradict each other. In the book of Exodus, God mentions that He is a jealous God and that He punishes the children up to the third and fourth generations for the sins that their fathers had committed. Contrastingly, in the book of Deuteronomy chapter 24:6, Jesus makes it clear that children are in no way punished for the sins that their parents committed or any other sins that they might commit. The question remains to be how one can reconcile the biblical emphasis on the concept of individual responsibility with the statement that the repercussions of sin extend to multiple generations. To combine both verses and their meaning, it is significant to, first of all, try and understand the judgment that is involved in the translation of both verses from Hebrew to English. The literal translation of Exodus 20 is that the guilt of the parent or father is “visited” to the sons. In this case, there exists substantial judgment that…

Narration about Africa Question 1 The narrator’s attitude towards Africans keeps on changing according to the storyline. At one point, the narrator’s attitude can be described as critical. This is because the author is finding fault and criticizing the traditional setup of the African girl child. The author’s attitude can be seen changing to a positive attitude as it entails a story of an English girl who lives in Africa and whose perspective and thoughts on African natives changes. Question 2 On the view of the narrator’s landscape on Africa, it is depicted by a native African who slowly becomes self-aware of the prejudice, racism, and social injustice imposed by the white settlers and has to bear and endure in grief. Question 3 After visiting the old chief in his village, the narrator said she could not help it as she was also a victim. In my view, the narrator was indeed a victim in the sense that she had to put herself in the shoes of the African girl. The narrator was able to sympathize with the ordeal and…

The making of the constitution Introduction The making of the constitution in1787 was a remarkable step for an independent government- the constitution of the United States. Although this was a milestone for the United States, the law had so many flaws. The main issue was that the constitution did not have a bill of rights. It clearly stated what it could do, omitting what it could not do. Also, it was biased ot to the white men.Lack of the bill of rights became an obstacle that prevented many states from signing the new constitution.  It took approximately four years for the new Government Issue to be solved. The federalists opposed including the bill claiming it was not necessary while the non-federalist afraid of a centralized government refused a constitution without the bill of rights. The American citizens wanted a government that would not tread on their newly won freedom.The freedom of religion; the reason for people to exercise their faith or no religion without the government’s influence. The freedom of press and speech; the freedom of expression which is protected…

        Language Test Course   Students Name Affiliation Course Instructor Date                                             Language Testing Course Question 1 As a language practitioner, how do you test language abilities turning target language use into test tasks? Explain focusing only on one language skill of your own choice. As a practitioner, testing language abilities may be challenging. Consequently, for a learner to grasp a language, they have to understand multiple concepts. Thus, as a language practitioner, I will employ the different aspects of the language in the test. In this case, I will focus on English language skills. Applying various elements such as past tense, present tense, and rhetoric questions is useful in testing the language skills of the student. I will also analyze the student’s ability to comprehend and understand the grammar and context used. The first test will be made up of an English passage from a book or paper. Markedly, apart from the passage, I will…

Mute in an English Only World Introduction In his article, “Mute in an English-Only World,” Chang-Rae Lee tells the story of the challenges she faced in her childhood to depict the challenges faced by other people from other countries every day. He tells the story about the struggles her mother faced as an immigrant in a foreign country due to the language barrier. Even after practicing English for many years, she never learnt it well enough to be able to express her emotions using the language. In the article “Mute in an English-Only World,” Lee uses the pathos appeal to convince the readers of his argument. The author tries to illustrate the difficulties that most immigrants have with English using the story of his mother’s struggles. It is clear that Lee used the Pathos appeal, a method that draws upon the emotions and sympathies of the reader, to make his argument (Rubinelli 2018 ). Everyone reading this book certainly feels sorry for Lee’s mother due to the challenges she faced, and this was the author’s intention while writing the story.…

Spoken English Assessment Strategies Introduction As observed, ESOL learners always have challenges with spoken English and this is often manifested in their performance and presentations. The current strategies used in the testing of oral English abilities of the learners also have a number of disadvantages that include creation of anxiety amongst learners during the testing process, leading to poor performance (Paradis, 2016). Moreover, the present strategies also present the challenge of inaccurate results and the inability to follow-up on the learners’ progression. Discussion To effectively assess the students’ spoken English abilities, there is a need for the teachers to evaluate the oral performance and presentation made by the learners. To attain this, aspects such as interviews, role-plays, oral reports, as well as the ability to paraphrase and summarize texts should be tested. In instances where the above aspects are employed in a continuous basis, the strategy tends to be a great means of monitoring the learner’s understanding over a prolonged duration. In this regard, a number of ideas might be integrated into oral performances and presentations as part of spoken…