Addiction should be considered as brain disease Addiction is a difficult condition which results from the use of compulsive substances regardless of the harmful consequences. Addiction may also involve the continuous undertaking of particular behaviours, such as sex and gambling.  Addicted people tend using particular substances such as alcoholic substances to the point that they cannot function properly without the use of certain drugs. People that have substance use syndrome tend to have distorted behaviour, distorted thinking, and distorted body functions. Continuous abuse of a particular drug distorts the brains wiring, hence making the people have an intense craving for a particular drug, the cravings make it difficult for the addicted persons to cease abusing the drug. Addiction should be considered as brain disease since it hiders the brain from functioning properly. Addiction is a brain disease since it alters the proper functioning and the structure of the brain. For instance, the initial usage of drugs such as alcohol is voluntary for most people. However, repeated usage of the drugs changes the functioning of the brain and hence alters the…

Ebola Disease analysis   Ebola Transmission, symptoms and the most affected body part(s)    Transmission Ebola is a viral disease that and is transmitted through direct contact with infected body fluids, blood, secretions, tissue and organs of a dead or living person infected by the same. Also, transmission is possible if a person exposes himself to inanimate objects that have been contaminated by bodily fluids emanating from an infected person. In any case, the most pronounced method of transmission in humans is through their coming to contact with their infected counterparts whether they are dead or alive. The type of contact takes shape through coming into contact with any material that has been contaminated by a confirmed Ebola case (Manguvo and Mafuvadze). It is also most probable that a person who exposes himself to any bodily fluid, laboratory specimens or tissue will get infected. People who participate in funeral rites and expose themselves to infected human remains or to affected area without putting on protective gear are subject to infection. Further, coming into contact with bush meat, primates, and rodents just…

 epidemiology and nursing research to a communicable disease Write a paper (2,000-2,500 words) in which you apply the concepts of epidemiology and nursing research to a communicable disease. Refer to ″Communicable Disease Chain,″ ″Chain of Infection,″ and the CDC website for assistance completing this assignment. Communicable Disease Selection Choose one communicable disease from the following list: Chickenpox Tuberculosis Influenza Mononucleosis Hepatitis B HIV Ebola Measles Polio Influenza Epidemiology Paper Requirements Address the following: Describe the communicable disease (causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment) and the demographic of interest (mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence). Is this a reportable disease? If so, provide details about reporting time, whom to report to, etc. [unique_solution]Describe the determinants of health and explain how those factors contribute to the development of this disease. Discuss the epidemiologic triangle as it relates to the communicable disease you have selected. Include the host factors, agent factors (presence or absence), and environmental factors. (The textbook describes each element of the epidemiologic triangle). Are there any special considerations or notifications for the community, schools, or general population? Explain the role…

Lyme Disease Question 1 The cardinal sign of Lyme disease is a rash. The erythema migrans occurs among 70% of the patients in the early stages of the Lyme disease (Barbour, 2015). In particular, the circular rash is attributable to a tick bite that causes the disease. The infected tick carries a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi. During a camping trip, the 38-year old male patient noticed a bug bite and a rash on his thigh. The redness of the skin was a primary indicator of a possible tick bite that led to a confirmed diagnosis of Lyme disease. Usually, camping sites are forested, and the presence of wildlife population increases the likelihood of them carrying infected ticks. Therefore, with the possibility of contracting Lyme disease, it is important to implement measures to prevent tick bites. Question 2 IgM and IgG antibodies are an indicator of B. burgdorferi. The body produces the immunoglobulins in response to an infection. Elevated levels of IgM are linked with new infections of the bacterium, while IgG antibodies are long-term. Mostly, IgM antibodies are high in…

Huntington’s disease (HD) Huntington’s disease (HD) commonly referred to as a rare genetic neurodegenerative disorder that causes nerve cell breakdown in the brain over time. The mental and physical abilities of a person get deteriorated by the disease between their working years, for instance, between the age of 20 and 40. On average, the onset of HD is 40 years old. On occasion, the neuron number dies in putamen and Caudate, which in the brain make up the Dorsal Striatum; the area will suffer the loss of the brain tissue. The brain regions which are affected most have decreased Acetylcholine, Gaba, and increased levels of Dopamine. The symptoms of HD include mood changes, involuntary movements, and the loss of the majority of motor control. People with HD have movements that are slow and snake-like or dance-like movements, eye movements that are abnormal, and poor coordination. It changes one’s personality by decreasing their mental capacity significantly, which in the long run, leads to the loss of memory. A person may also experience depression and dementia. Since the disease is a dominant,…

Tuberculosis Disease Abstract The leading cause of death amongst the infectious diseases is tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and once inside the host body, it forms an active TB or latent TB. The disease is contagious as it is transmitted through the air. When nearby individuals breathe in a load of bacteria, they become infected. In the lungs, the bacteria begin to propagate and spread to the other body parts, such as the spine, kidney, and brain. Habitually, M. tuberculosis grows in the lungs resulting in pulmonary TB. Symptoms caused by pulmonary disease include a bad cough that lasts for weeks, fever, weight loss, chest pain, and chills. On spreading to the other body parts, different symptoms are portrayed depending on the anatomical structure. Types of TB under the extra-pulmonary sites are military TB, gastrointestinal TB, central nervous system TB, TB pericarditis, among others. Treatment of TB is through multiple antibiotics in at least six months. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Latent Tuberculosis, active tuberculosis, physiology, anatomy, organ, lungs, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, risk factors, clinical manifestation, prognosis, and diagnosis   Annotated Bibliography…

Comparison of Diseases Causing Dementia   Your task is to complete this worksheet progressively through the semester, with your collated information for normal ageing, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), vascular dementia (VaD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) contributing to your assessment for CAD201, due on Monday 15th May, 2017 at 23:59 (Hobart time).   You do not need to complete the Other Dementias section (HIV-associated cognitive decline and alcohol-related dementia) as part of your assessment, but you should aim to do so over the course of the semester.   Below are some prompts as to the types of information that should be included for each disease as a minimum (some of these will not be relevant for normal ageing!), under the following headings:   Prevalence and incidence How many persons in Australia does this disease affect?  Are there countries that have substantially different (higher or lower) prevalence?(unique_solution)   Anatomy and Physiology Which area(s) of the brain are affected in each disease?  What are the normal structures, functions and behaviours?   Pathology What are the changes that occur…

A passion for spreading my ideas It all began with a passion. A passion for spreading my ideas. A wanting to pour my skills and interests into a career I can put my all into and enjoy every minute. A desire not many other African Americans push for. A yearning to do what I love and make my name be known for it. The vision of this passion has existed for as long as I can remember. You may be thinking: What sparked this passion from such a young age? Well, being the firstborn, I only had my parents to aspire from. That is until I met technology. I was around age 4 when I could faintly recall being fascinated by how TVs worked, how they broadcast people who were so far away, so quickly. I can vividly remember my first time using a computer. Whether I was playing the classic Polar Bowler game, messing with MP3s with Windows Media Player, watching tutorials and entertainment on YouTube, even journaling and experimenting with Office 2000, there was something about the sheer…

Medications for the Alzheimer’s disease Introduction The Alzheimer is an ailment that progresses with time in the brain of a human being. Its features include the loss of memory and the disturbance to the ability of the thinking capacity of a human being. We think of the old people when we hear of the Alzheimer disease. Research has shown that it is more prevalent in the people at the age of sixty five and above. Dementia is any disease that has an impact to the brain of a human being and so the Alzheimer can be classified into that category. Diagnosis exclusion is a term derived from the diagnosis of the Alzheimer disease. From the argument above, we can say that there is no known test for this disease. What happens is that tests to rule out other diseases will lead to the conclusion of the Alzheimer disease. The signs of this disease noticeable in older people include, forgetting to switch off a gas cooker, forgetting to take the prescribed medications in a certain day or even not recalling the…

Association between Periodontitis and Alzheimer’s Disease Abbayya, K., Puthanakar, N. Y., Naduwinmani, S., & Chidambar, Y. S. (2015). Association between Periodontitis and Alzheimer’s Disease. North American journal of medical sciences, 7(6), 241–246. https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-2714.159325 As suggested by the title, this article explores the linkage between Periodontitis and Alzheimer’s Disease. There are four key concepts that the author uses in assessing the connection between the two main concepts. The first term is Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) which is defined as an age-related disease the is a result of swelling or inflammation of the central nervous system. In this case, inflammation which is the second term use does not only refer to swelling but also bacterial destruction caused by the oral bacteria periodontitis. Periodontitis has been described in the article as an anaerobic bacteria that causes swelling and destruction of the mouth tissue that holds the teeth. The author also used Proinflammatory cytokines to refer to signalling molecules produced by the immune and are released into the body system, causing the inflammation. The author explores the pathogenesis of AD and the mechanism of spread to the…