Foster Kids with Conduct Disorders and Empowerment Based Interventions Conduct disorder is a mental disorder that is depicting in childhood that shows signs through violation of norms and rights of others. There are two main types of conduct behavior. They include socialized and unsocialized disorders. Those children with socialized conduct behaviors usually make friends who have the same character. In contrast, those with unsocialized conduct behavior do not make friends or in, most cases, other kids isolate them due to their harmful actions. This disorder depicts a lot of acts that reflect breaking the norms and rules. Foster children might show behaviors like fighting, stealing, having a hard time sleeping at night, among other many negative behaviors. The guardian who foster care to these children, most of the time, become stressed and may overreact when trying to correct them. Unfortunately, they end up reinforcing these undiscoverable behaviors to their foster children at the time without knowing. Therefore, the use of negative reinforcement makes their behavior becomes worse (Surabhi, 2017).  When children grow older having this disorder, they even pose a…

Suicidal Behavior Disorder The DSM is used as a guided by several health professionals to diagnose mental impairments.  In 2013 APA published the DSM-5 with is the fifth edition of the “bible of psychiatry”. During this launching, the manual introduced suicidal behavior disorder as an independent mental disorder and was no longer identified as just symptom of personality disorder or of major depression. The DSM exerted much effort in pointing out the difference between suicidal ideation, attempted suicide and non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (Beacon, 2017). Suicidal behavior disorder is categorized by one attempting suicide within the recent two years and it excludes other behaviors like non-suicidal self-injurious behavior and suicidal ideation. The manual describes suicidal attempt as a thoughtful act to induce self-harm with a distinct anticipation of death but non-fatal. Ideation of suicide is just thinking or having plans of plans while non-suicidal behavior is harming one-self with no intention of leading to death. Studies show that 10% of individuals who commit suicide do not agonize any mental illness and most persons suffering mood disorders hardly attempt suicide. This is…

 Internet gaming disorder             The present world is faced with a problem that people are turning to the computer to get what other people cannot offer. The prevalence of the use of computer games can be seen from the fact that people over the world fill the customer in waiting cabin of a game that relies on the interaction between customers. In the “second skin”, the behavior of people across the world when it comes to beating the boredom of being lonely has been represented as to have had various impacts on the social life of individuals. The reaction of individuals to rely entirely on machine intelligence to create entertainment could be seen as a venture that requires some few regulations. Playing online games with real players depends on the availability of reliable clients to work with them. The rate at which one gets an opponent depends on the number of idle people on the other side of the interface who are free and ready to take a chance in playing the game. According to “The second skin” the individuals…

Remedies for psychological disorders Psychology is the science in the study of the functions and minds of human beings, basically the behavioral means. On the other hand, a mental disorder is a fettle characterized by unusual feelings and thoughts. The science in the study of psychological disorder is psychopathology; these include signs, causes, and medical attention. Mental experts should know types of abnormal feelings and thoughts vividly to determine psychopathology. Psychologists should have the capacity to understand the inner feelings and situational ones to get the best remedy. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that anxiety, episodes of moods, depression, trauma, and inability to think are examples of common psychological disorders. The (EBPTs), an abbreviation for evidence-based mental treatments has focused on innovation to treat the mental disease. Besides the EBPTs, there are natural remedies and herbs for common mental disorders. According to epidemiologic research, it can be that a ratio of 2:3 of the patient population is consuming different medicines (herbal and prescribed products). Patients with persistent symptoms take herbal mostly. Herbal medicine is getting well known in the…

Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic influence of drug factor on patient metabolism.               Warfarin Its is useful in treating blood clots as it acts as an anticoagulant reducing deep vein thrombosis. Warfarin is fully absorbed in 2 to 6 hours. It divides into small units and is eliminated with a low clearance by hepatic metabolism. A warfarin concentration of 1.5mg/L will inhibit the complex prothrombin synthesis by 50%. The anticoagulant takes an average of 3 days to stabilize at a constant level (Kim, K. Y., & Mancano, M. A. (2003)                 Aspirin and Motrin It inhibits platelet cyclooxygenase. It relieves pain and significantly reduce the risk of death in the event of a heart attack. An oral dose of 81mg of aspirin has linear pharmacokinetics. Motrin is a Non-Asteroidal Anti-inflammatory drug that relieves headache, dental and muscular pains. It has a high peak concentration and rapid absorption compared to aspirin. It has dominant inhibition on enzyme COX2(Lynch et al., 2006)                    Metformin and Glyburide Metformin is useful in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its pharmacokinetic profile reaches a…

Bipolar Disorder and Related Disorders Grunze, H. (2015). Bipolar disorder. In Neurobiology of brain disorders (pp. 655-673). Academic Press. The author of this article seeks to summarize the possible causes of bipolar disorders. Among the findings in the study includes cellular, morphological, epigenetic, and behavioral factors. Besides, the article depicts some of the risk genes according to the studies conducted by genome-wide association. The argument is that some hereditary genes contribute to the development of the disorder across generations. The environmental factors play a significant role in the event of diseases by making an individual vulnerable to the condition. The epigenetic factors, o the other hand, impacts notable changes to the intracellular signal transduction as well as neurotransmissions. The implication of short tern neurotransmission is the development of mania and depression, which are depicted in individual behavior. The effects of long term changes in neurotransmission are manifested in neuroimaging as well as postmortem brains. The sequence of neural dysfunction leads to the disease process. The article is a relevant source, especially because it discusses the root causes of bipolar disorder…

“Captain of the Ship” Project – Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders Introduction According to Gournay and Rodgers (2010) defines obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as a mental health condition in which an individual experiences obsessive thought and or obsessional actions. Additionally, people who have tend to have obsessive thoughts and urges to engage in compulsive behaviors. Obsessive-compulsive disorder, as a result of the patient experience discomfort which leads to impairments (Fenske, and Petersen, 2015; Mais, Bilet and Martisen 2009). As the PMHNP, I will look into a case and recommend the treatment plan for a client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). History of illness (HPI) and Clinical Impression November 18, 2019, 0830hrs”: Heather a 29-year-old female who lived with her husband and two cats. Through structured interviews by the primary care physicians (PCP) Heather and her husband revealed that for about one and half years she has been experiencing distressing thoughts of harming herself and even her loved ones: husband and two cats. Besides, Heather reported to have reoccurring thoughts of losing her loved ones through death in various ways such as road accidents and armed…

Care for Oncological Disorder Patients Cancer risk factors include exposure to chemical or other substances, as well as other behaviors. And this also includes things people cannot control like age and family history. Some causes of cancer can also be prevented. The most common risk factors for the disease include aging, tobacco, sun exposure, radiation exposure, chemicals, and other substance, certain hormone, alcohol, poor diet, lack of physical activity, or even being overweight. Limiting your exposure to avoidable risk factors may lower the risk of developing certain cancers like cancer-causing substances, chronic inflammation, immunosuppression, infectious agents, obesity, radiation, sunlight, and tobacco. Due to regular smoking and positive family history from Anna, this may predispose her to develop cancer as she has had her mother and grandmother treated from breast cancer. Hence that is a family history of cancer, which is cancer risks that cannot be controlled. Anna is also 45 years of age, where in this case, aging can be a matter of cancer risk factors that can predispose her to develop cancer. Anna also suffers from obesity, which is…

Trauma Related Disorders A child can feel threatened greatly by an event in which she or he is involved. The threat can also come from the witnesses of the event. That threatening event can come either from the event itself or the participants of the event. There is a wide range of traumatic events to which the adolescents and the children can be exposed to. Therefore a traumatic event will cause psychological the spiritual, emotional or a physical harm. The child or the adolescent experiencing the trauma can feel frightened, anxious or threatened. In most cases, the affected may deny the fact that they are affected by such events and even some other times, they will not be able to respond to the situations. In order for the person to regain the mental and the emotional stability, he or she may need time and support. (Chasser,2016). Question one In description of a major traumatic event that could befall an adolescent or a child, bullying is the most common experienced.  Bullying is defined as the unsolicited or the deliberate action with…

neurogenerative disorders The term neurodegeneration is etymologically derived from two words, which are neuro, which means nerve cells, and other is degeneration, which is the process of losing structure or function. It is commonly used and universally assumed to be understood. Any pathological condition that primarily affects neurons is corresponded by neurodegeneration.Large groups of neurological disorders with heterogeneous clinical and pathological expression affecting specific subsets of neurons in specific functional anatomic systems are practically represented by neurogenerative diseases. There are hundreds of neurogenerative disorders, but more attention is diverted to the few, which includes the following Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson’s disease. Other forms of neurogenerative disorders have remained less frequent or less publicized hence ignored, although they are devastating. Increasing age is the significant risk factor for developing neurogenerative disorder more so Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. In industrialized countries, the population aged sixty-five years and above has suffered more, and it is anticipated that the coming generations the rate of infection will grow to the extent of doubling the current price. The actual cause…