Bipolar Disorder Introduction Bipolar disorder is among the most highly studied neurological disorders. According to estimates from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), bipolar disorder affects more that 2% of adults in the US. The NIHM also estimates that 83% of the 2% that are affected have a severe case of the disorder. Bipolar disorder is marked by certain symptoms that are classified into four episodes that include mania, hypomania, depression, and mixed episode. The different forms of the disorder are all marked by a variety of related signs and symptoms that vary in severity or intensity. Although the disorder is considered to be complex, it is highly regarded as a treatable disorder. However, it is unfortunate that less than 40% of people affected by the disorder receive what the NIHM terms as “minimally sufficient treatment” due to lack of education, social stigma, and funding issues (Krans & Cherney, n.p). History Bipolar Disorder Krans & Cherney (n.p) have noted that the history of this disorder is possibly just as complicated as the disorder itself. The condition is highly regarded…
Autism Spectrum Disorder-Article connection The article by Hye Ran Park (2015) explains the etiology, clinical features and diagnosis, the relationship between ASD and the amygdala, and the treatment of ASD. According to this article, ASD is manifested in the first three years. This is because there are environmental causative elements, including pre-natal, peri-natal, and postnatal factors. Phenotypic features also contribute to the formation and maintenance of functional synapses (Szatmari et al., 1998). The second article by So Hyun Kim (2015) examines the phenotypic heterogeneity of ASD. This is connected to Park’s article, which cites phenotypes and genes as contributing factors to ASD. The report confirms/reinstates Park’s piece. In other words, these two articles acknowledge that genetic factors play a significant role in ASD. Also, the research done by Kim is for children aged two years. This is a confirmation that ASD affects children of tender age, not exceeding three years. Park’s article clearly explains that ASD is a disorder found in children below the age of 3. The report by Giacomo Vivanti (2012) explores the clinical, research, and cultural implications…
Musculoskeletal and Neurologic System Patients who have undergone renal transplant may develop some complications in future such as low back pain and other abnormal lab values like the elevation of serum calcium levels, decreased hemoglobin as well as decreased hematocrit of the patient’s CBC. The 58-year woman showed the above signs, and the main cause of these completions is the gradual decrease of bone mineral density (BMD) after the transplant. Bone mineral density is the measure of the amount of minerals like calcium in a patient’s bones. It usually occurs in older people, children, and patients who have undergone a renal transplant. For patients who have undergone renal transplantation, it may start after twelve months of a successful transplant and persist for many years, although at a lower rate like in the 58- year old woman who had undergone renal transplant six years ago. The gradual decrease of BMD leads to an increased risk of bone fracture in renal transplant patients (Mayo Clinic, 2019). The fact that the woman has low back pain may also as a result of kidney…
Nutrition and Pathophysiology Assignment -1 Wilko states he is a social drinker and “can stop at any time.” How accurate is his self-assessment? The accuracy of the above statement is uncertain. It can be viewed as something that every individual who is in denial about their drug and substance abuse can use to comfort themselves. The self-assessment results from the perception where Mr. Wilko could be identified to be experiencing the denial stage of drug and substance abuse. What stressors are present in Mr. Wilko’s case? The presence of family stressors can be identified in Mr. Wilko’s case, given that there is increased pressure from his family for him to deliver. Work-related stressors could also be identified in Mr. Wilko’s case, where he can be determined to have resulted in drinking as a coping mechanism for the above-related aggressor. Why does Mr. Wilko continue to increase his alcohol intake? Mr. Wilko could be viewed to be increasing his alcohol intake as a coping mechanism for the stressors that have been identified in his life. For instance, Mr. Wilko was determined…
Annotated Bibliography on the depression Affecting Mental Health National Institute of Mental Health. (2017). Men and Depression. Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/men-and-depression/index.shtml This article discusses the issue of depression in relation to men. The article asserts that there is a marked difference in how depression manifest in men from how it does in women. It also describes the signs of depression in men which include anger and disinterest in family and work. Additionally, the author elaborates some of the things that men who are depressed do to cope with the condition, such as abusing drugs. Moreover, the author explains the different types of depression, e.g., psychotic depression and seasonal effective disorder. Finally, he outlines the causes of depression in men which include genetic factors and illness. I think that the difference that the author establishes between depression in men and women is important because members of the two genders respond to the condition quite differently. Ranna Parekh, (2017). What is Depression? American Psychiatric Association. Retrieved from https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/depression/what-is-depression. In this article, Ranna defines depression and differentiates it from sadness or grief. He explains…
The solution to video game addiction The current world has proved itself as an attractive entertainment industry of video games. The video games being a large industry it has also facilitated various effect in our society, mostly among the youth and children. Its impact is both characterized both positively and negatively effects depending on the nature of the game as well as the age limit of the individual playing. Thus in this essay, we will discuss the various solutions to video game addiction. In order to solve the video game addiction menace, various individuals and actions need to be put in place; Being involved Parents being the closest individual with their children; they possess the highest opportunities for ensuring their children are brought up in ana ethical and morally upbringing environment. Parents are required to make selections on the video games that their children should play. The parents should choose their children’s games that do not contain violence act. Further, while selecting the video game for their children, the parents should sic clarification of other parents who are conversant with…
COUPLE AND FAMILY THERAPY (DISCUSSION POST) In a relationship, there occur both negative and positive events. Therefore a relationship could be termed as an institution characterized by negativity and positivity, leading to different relative influence. This influence affects the rewards-to-cost ratio. The positive and negative events influence the relationship period and mutual satisfaction which results in high and low reward-to-cost ratio. The adverse events for a relationship relatively influence the period that the different spouses intend to stay. One of these adverse events is dissatisfaction. If one of the spouses views the relationship as not satisfying, they may decide to quit or give it some time and see whether something new and better may come out of it. When the spouses are in a relationship, they tend to be in a state of interdependence between them, and if one of the parties seem not getting their expectations, they may tend to change into another spouse. In other words, they may shift to another relationship (Miller, 2018, 171). However, the lack of satisfaction is not the only factor that may prompt…
long term and short term effects of most of the drugs on the brain Introduction To start with, one of the major concepts that I chose is the bystander helping. Classically, this refers to the onlookers of violence, and it also entails the role that they can play in curbing the issue of violence. Another concept is the implicit personality theory and implicit attitude. This refers to specific biases and patterns that an individual uses when they form an impression which is founded on a limited amount of information of an unfamiliar person. Also, another major concept is the issue of drugs and the brain. Typically, this refers to the keen study of the effects that most of the drugs have on the brain. This will include both the long term and short term effects of most of the drugs on the brain. Lastly, I will also be using the concept of observational learning. Observational learning refers to the learning that occurs as a result of observing the behavior of other people. It is a class of social learning that…
Patient’s Spiritual Needs In 200-250 words, respond to the following: Should the physician allow Mike to continue making decisions that seem to him to be irrational and harmful to James, or would that mean a disrespect of a patient autonomy? Explain your rationale. Physicians are expected to intervene in making crucial decisions that affect their patients, including advising the patient’s family to make ethical and sound decisions that prioritize the health of their child. The physician’s decision not to allow Mike to make crucial James medical decisions can be seen as a sound and ethical approach that reduces the risk of James being more exposed to kidney failure. In the first place, Mike has already violated James’ autonomy by failing to involve him in his medical decisions despite his little age (Lindberg, Fagerström, Sivberg & Willman, 2014). The physician should weigh between irrational and harmful decision-making from Mike and the health of James and consider which one comes first. As much as all medical practitioners must consider the spiritual needs of the patient, the beneficence principle comes first, and medical…
Health and Safety in Garment Industries The health and safety of workers in garment manufacturing factories have been ignored by both employers and international bodies responsible for catering for them. Most of these violations occur in countries like Bangladesh, Pakistan, and India, who have majored in clothing production. Therefore, the paper exhumes the challenges faced by workers in garment industries, the responsible authority for reducing the risks, and intervention measures to overcome the difficulties. Akhter, S., Rutherford, S., & Chu, C. (2019). Exploring the system capacity to meet occupational health and safety needs: the case of the ready-made garment industry in Bangladesh. BMC health services research, 19 (1), 435. The researcher focused on the occupational health and safety of workers in the ready-made garment in Bangladesh. The researchers wanted to identify what precautionary measures have been put in place to protect these workers after reported cases of accidents. Interviews were conducted using government officials, employees, and doctors in the sector to analyze the conditions. From their findings, the most challenges were inadequate health services for the workers, who…