Research Critical Analysis Articles Reviewed Taylor, F et al., “Improving clinical skills to support the emotional and psychological well-being of patients with end-stage renal disease: a qualitative evaluation of two interventions. Clinical Kidney Journal, 9(3), 516-524. (2016) 2. Lai, B et al.“). Neurological, psychological, and cognitive disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease on conservative and replacement therapy. ” 95(48). (2016). Cukor, D et al., “Psychosocial intervention improves depression, quality of life, and fluid adherence in hemodialysis. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology”, 25(1), 196-206. (2014) Ibrahim, I et al., “The role of personality and social support in health-related quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients. PloS One”, 10(7). 32-47. (2015). Background of the Studies I reviewed a total of four articles, that is, two qualitative and two quantitative. The extensive studies outlined in all the reports have a broader goal of pinpointing that all illnesses often influence both the patient and family in a variety of ways. For the patients, it has been proved that they mostly tend to succumb to mental problems and psychosocial issues. These researches formulate measures…
Development of the Urinary System The urogenital system arises during the fourth week of the event from urogenital ridges in the intermediate mesoderm on each side of the primitive aorta. The nephrogenic ridge is the part of the urogenital ridge that forms the urinary system. Three sets of kidneys develop sequentially in the embryo. The pronephros is rudimentary and nonfunctional and regresses completely. The mesonephros is functional for only a short period of time and remains as the mesonephric (Wolffian) duct. The metanephros remains as the permanent adult kidney. It develops from the ureteric bud, an outgrowth of the mesonephric duct, and the metanephric mesoderm derived from the caudal part of the nephrogenic ridge. Urine excreted into the amniotic cavity by the fetus forms a major component of the amniotic fluid. Urine formation begins towards the end of the first trimester and continues throughout fetal life. The kidneys develop in the pelvis and ascend during development to their adult anatomical. This normally happens by the ninth week. The adrenal medulla forms from neural crest cells that migrate into the fetal…
how God’s creation is of more importance and the impact it brings to human beings In this book, the first chapter, the author tried to explain how God’s creation is of more importance and the impact it brings to human beings. The author attempts to explain why human beings seek to create the best out from them and by transforming their bodies so that they can achieve a particular goal in their lives. The author feels it is more important to build a close spiritual relationship, which matters a lot in the humankind. This will at least improve the ties between God and humankind. Also, in this chapter, the author brings in the aspect of food and will try to explain grow it is essential in production and consumption are core parts of creation. The author gives standard shreds of evidence according to his arguments that will improve the understanding based on his…
Reliability and Validity of Measures Response The operationalization of variables presents a better consideration of better concepts that help preset the focus of the study as well as the underlying issues which need to be adequately assessed in improving the reliability of the study findings. Gang membership was a significant factor that was evaluated and help provide a more substantial evaluation of better elements that will enhance understanding of the changes within a given context. Gang membership was a dichotomous variable where an individual is a member or not. How the respondents answer the questions presents an understanding of specific elements that define an improved focus on better outcomes. The variables that are included in the study have been successfully integrated into the study, which makes it easier to understand the existing consequences. The variables have been grouped into dependent and independent. The dependent variable that is included in the study was a perception of victimization, self-reported victimization, as well as fear of victimization. The independent factors that were incorporated into the study include demographic characteristics, sex, race, and age.…
The dissociative posttraumatic stress disorder: Treatment results cohort study involving veterans Abstract Dissociation is a common characteristic among veterans experiencing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which influences the active treatment. The research targets to replicate the outcomes of a dissociative PTSD, and find the relational trends in survival mechanisms, symptomatic levels, severity, and to examine the effects on posttraumatic symptom enhancement. Veterans suspected of deployment-related pathology were examined by psychiatrists concerning axis I and II disorders and finished a baseline assessment. Those seeking intervention received the baseline assessment. Patients who began treatment got invitations for a follow-up cross-examination to re-examine posttraumatic reactive symptoms. The investigation involved veterans having a mean age of 39.5 years, and who tested for DSM-IV-TR PTSD. Eighty veterans began treatment with sixty-four engaging in follow-up measures. The patients received trauma-focused interventions or non-trauma-focused PTSD remedies. The medics committee granted the research exemption of ethical approval since the cross-examination was part of standard protocols and could not affect intervention protocols. Introduction Posttraumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) is a mental illness that may result from undergoing a traumatic scene. Its…
Reality Therapy Reality therapy, established by William Glasser, entails both psychotherapy and counseling. It seeks to give insights on the origins of mental unhealthiness among humans (Wubbolding, 2017). Often, the therapy focuses on individual choices on that impact on their lives and diverse needs. Thus, with choice/reality therapy, approximately all behaviors portrayed by different entities are chosen. According to Buck (2017), the application of the therapy in group work focuses on both met and unmet needs. They are necessary for their survival of different individuals and thus attainment of the deficits in such requirements. As for the strengths, William Glasser instituted that the therapy is fundamental in replacing detrimental habits evident with external psychological control. The deadly patterns that are replaced that make the approach more effective entails blaming, complaining, criticizing, nagging, bribing, among others (Jones-Smith, 2019). Thus, the therapy focuses on individuals’ autonomy through the replacement of negative behaviors with positive ones. The practices gained out of the replacement includes encouraging, trust, respect, negotiations, support, among others. Also, the therapy focuses on the selection of behaviors that meet individual…
Climatic and environmental changes Reading 1 Climatic and environmental changes caused by man or natural, affect the prevalence of certain diseases. For instance, dam construction or temperature rise can increase malaria occurrence. It is crucial to understand how illnesses are affected by ecology, and their transmission path, to know how to prevent or slow their spread. Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of illnesses may be hindered by invisible barriers like inadequacy of knowledge and medical infrastructure. These barriers are part of the reasons why mental wellness has, for long, failed to be treated as a health concern. Psychiatric facilities should be put up to help deal with psychological issues, and social barriers removed so people can seek help without being stigmatized. The physical, cultural and social environment are all connected and could affect the well-being of a person. Thus, medical practitioners should take them into account before making a diagnosis, cure and implementing preventive measures. Reading 2 Good health and wholeness vary depending on one’s culture. Before adopting Christianity and Islam, the African society had an indigenous religion, culture and practices…
Quality and value of Healthcare Systems in the United States The health care system in the United States continues to face significant challenges that have required urgent reform processes. The primary concern is the millions of Americans uninsured (46 million), and the other numerous citizens insured but face a rapid increase in the premiums and out-of-pocket costs (Graban, 2018). The concerns made the Obama administration and Congress to consider various ways to invest new funds in reducing the number of citizens with no insurance cover. The practice had an objective to address the shortfalls in the quality and efficiency of care that result in high costs, poor health outcomes, and to ensure every individual in the nation accesses adequate care. However, despite the efforts by President Obama administration, the country still has numerous setbacks in its health care system. The health outcomes have deteriorated in the U.S due to the quality and value of care given to the patients. The feasibility and the sustainability of the expansions in coverage in the current health care system still have huge gaps even…
Children Development Theories The field of developmental psychology attributes its success to two psychologists Jean Piaget and Erik Erikson, who through different ideologies have impacted the study of childhood development (Gabriel Asirifi, 2019). Piaget based his research on cognitive development, which centres on the way children acquire knowledge based on their environment. Erikson, on the other hand, emphasized the emotional development by modifying Freud’s psychosexual development to psychosocial development. The duo’s studies contain some similarities and contrasts based on their reasoning on the different aspects of childhood development. Both psychologists emphasize the development of a child as a process that proceeds in stages and phases. Piaget believes that a child’s development changes from one step to the other. He opines that the first stage in the development of children is the sensorimotor stage, Preoperational, Concrete period and finally, the formal operation Period, which is characterized by precise thinking. Similarly, Erikson explains the development of a child in terms of phase and groups them into eight stages, starting with Trust vs Mistrust and ends with Integrity vs despair. The environment of…
amphibians and mammals A mammal is described as a vertebrate, which is warm-blooded, with some fur or hair all over its body. There are some features of a mammal that are common, considering both internal and external anatomy. Mammals are realized as diversified animals that can survive in most available habitat. Some of these traits are hair and fur, mammary glands, lower jaws with single bones, the tooth is replaced once in a lifetime, presence of three bones in the middle ear, and metabolism of warm-bloodedness. Additional traits include a heart with four chambers and the appearance of a diaphragm. Some characteristics are found in both mammals and other vertebrates like fish, reptiles, and amphibians. For example, there are everyday things found in both amphibians and mammals. The main similarities found in both mammals and amphibians are, they both have backbones and an improved nervous system. The figures represent the female reproductive system of various animals. Also, all the animals have both sides functioning except for the ornithorhynchids, which has the left side functioning, accordingly. From the diagram, the one…