Which cybersecurity and privacy challenges affect digital cities? A study on cybersecurity and privacy challenges in digital cities Abstract The evolution of digital cities in the world is as a result of emerging innovations in information technology. Although information technology innovations create economic opportunities, it comes with privacy challenges. Humans interact daily with technology devices such as smartphones, security devices, smart energy meter and smart appliances used in many cities. The standards of interconnecting public venues, cars, homes and social systems are still ongoing. The interconnection of networks leads to improved quality of life. Currently, city infrastructure and services utilize interconnection of networks for automation, control and monitoring. Intelligent public and private transportations access interconnected data from weather, Global positioning Satellite and traffic updates. Integration of systems also assists in emergency response, public safety and disaster recovery. Privacy issues arise when data for the digital citizen is available, putting them at risk of been identified. The security elements consist of physical disruptions as a result of an attack that limit the availability of services, including illegal access to information. Systems…

What Are The Benefits To Using Cloud Services Cloud computing has become so popular today due to the availability of the internet. It is a form of computing that is based entirely on the internet. In the past, businesses used to run applications downloaded from a server or a physical computer. But cloud computing allows these applications to run via the internet. Cloud services are based on the internet, but the main computing happens on a machine remotely. Business data collected during this process is stored on remote/ cloud servers. Why cloud services for your business? Here are some of the benefits that your business will have when you choose cloud services. Reduce IT Cost When you move your business to cloud computing, it will reduce the cost of purchasing and maintaining systems. With cloud services, you don’t need to buy expensive systems and machines for your business, but you will use the resources of your services provider. Here are more ways on how cloud computing will save your company some money. There will be no cost incurred for upgrading…

 personal information system (PIS) Introduction A personal information system (PIS) is a particular system that is used to support attainment, storage, and repossession of information y the users. A private information system is usually more concentrated in the storage and repossession of bibliographic positions. Scientists use the information for computerized indexes and research of adequate information necessary to enhance guidelines for automated personal information system design. What security concerns are inherent to using this system/technology, and how should these be mitigated? concerns inherent to PIS There are several security alarms which arise as a result of using a personal information system. First, you can experience hardware and software failure due to information corruption or power loss. Second, it is exposed to malware, which can disrupt activities occurring on the computer. Besides, if not looked thoroughly, PIS can acquire viruses from other computers when sharing information through external hard disks. Moreover, a PIS is at risk of receiving phishing, scams, and spams from connection to unsolicited emails. Also, human error is a significant concern when the individual keys in the wrong…

The Events of the Chernobyl Disaster Specific Purpose: The aim of the speech outline is to inform the audience about the outcomes and realized the side effects of the Chernobyl catastrophe. Central Idea: The Chernobyl catastrophe when a consequent reactor fire caused an unprecedented and wide release of nuclear reactants having a serious effect on the environment and the public. INTRODUCTION (Attention Getter) The Chernobyl catastrophe that occurred on April 1986 was a result of inadequately trained employees and flawed reactor design. The subsequent steam explosion and random fires released approximately 5% of the total radioactive reactors into the atmosphere. The Chernobyl catastrophe caused the death of thirty operators and firefighters. Approximately 237 patients were diagnosed with acute radiation syndrome [ARS]. The catastrophe exists as the only accident in history concerning commercial nuclear power plants that reported radiation incidences. The violent and deadly chain reaction spewed highly corrosive nuclear radiation throughout Europe as vast amounts of radionuclides burst into the atmosphere. The catastrophe begun during safety self-test of a nuclear reactor (Aitsi-Selmi & Murray, 2016). The catastrophe started before a…

Chernobyl Disaster             In 1986, Chernobyl nuclear power station, in the former Soviet Union, experienced the worstdisaster in history. The power station, which was located in the city of Pripyat, in the north of the Chernobyl town, comprised of four reactors with capabilities of producing 1,000 megawatts of electric power. In April 1986, several workers attempted to conduct a risky experiment, which resulted in massive explosions, releasing radioactive gases in the atmosphere, leading to deaths and long-lasting bodily malformations. In the process of experimenting, technicians had decided to test whether the reactors would be cooled in the absence of power. As they conducted the high-risk experiment, they shut down the power regulators and emergency safety systems, violating the safety procedures in place for workers in such reactors (Aitsi-Selmi& Murray, 2016). Excess electrical power surged in the plant, where chain reactions followed and reached the nuclear core. Explosions then occurred in the core, and radioactive gases were released in the atmosphere. Attempts by the firefighters to extinguish the blazes were not successful, and helicopters were called upon to dump sand to…

Evolution Theory Assignment One Part One Charles Darwin was influenced by various individuals in his age to develop the theory of evolution by natural selection. Georges Cuvier is among the people who are recognized to be in the age of Darwin and contributed much in influencing the evolution theory. Cuvier provided evidence that most creatures, such as dinosaurs, were extinct at that time. He proposed that after a series of disasters, new animals of the same species appear (Evolution Library, 2020). The work of extinctions by Cuvier was used in the natural selection theory. Jean-Baptist Lamarck also influenced the work of Darwin. He argued that simple forms existed consistently from the dead matter, and as time passed, the creatures developed in complexity. Although the idea was not embraced by Darwin initially, he embraced the concept in the theory of natural selection later. Charles Lyell influenced Darwin by providing the concept of geological transformations that was affecting the earth through the evidence of marine encrustation and temple columns. Thomas Malthus provided a theory of the struggle for existence which describes how…

Falls Prevention According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2016), at least one in every four senior persons falls each year and only about half of these persons inform their doctors about the predicaments. As compared to other demographics, the elderly have a higher likelihood of falling. This paper explores the impacts of falls on the elderly and how this problem can be addressed using evidence-based practice guidelines. Impacts of fall on the Elderly Falls have serious ramifications on the elderly. According to Phelan, Aerts, Dowler, Eckstrom, and Casey (2016), falls expose people aged 65 years old and older to the risk of injury, decreased mobility, nursing home placement, loss of independence, hospitalization, and early death. For instance, falls may result in older persons being admitted to emergency rooms. On this note, three million older persons are admitted to emergency departments every year after suffering fall-related injuries (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). At the same time, falls can result in older persons becoming inactive. Inactivity may increase the likelihood of older persons falling in the future…

Introduction to the Science of Climate Change Section A: Critical Reflections Critical Reflection 1: Chapter 3: Natural resources by Lemmen, D. S., Johnston, M., Ste-Marie, C., & Pearce, T. (2014) (In F. J. Warren & D. S. Lemmen (Eds.), Canada in a changing climate: Sector perspectives on impacts and adaptation, pp. 210-213). Climate change continues to pose a huge risk to natural resource exploitation in the 21st century. Analyzing the chapter on ‘natural resources’ by Lemmen, Johnston, Ste-Marie, and Pearce (2014), one can identify the antecedents of natural resource exploitation and the risks that the world is facing today. Sector perspectives indicate that energy is at the biggest risk due to shifts in natural resource endowments across the world. The economic significance of natural resources weighs heavily against the sustainability domain, and nations are trying to create a model that will guarantee the safety of communities relying on those resources. The climate sensitivity of natural resources is an issues of particular concern, considering that climate change has hit the world so hard in the past two decades. The productivity of…

Grenfell Tower The Grenfell Tower Incident highlighted shortcomings in the construction industry. The fire occurred in 2017 and is considered one of the worst catastrophes in London. Grenfell Tower was a 24-storey building that housed individuals from diverse economic and social backgrounds. The residents included immigrants and families that had relocated from other parts of London (Davies 2017). Unfortunately, Grenfell Tower’s undoing happened because of a fire. The fire, which started from the kitchen of Room 16, spread quickly and claimed at least 72 lives (“Volume one” 2019). An inquiry into the disaster also found building regulations were not followed, nor were safety concerns issues by the tenants. The materials used also contributed to the inferno. The review uses varied literature sources to explain the incident. Henceforth, the review is guided by the theoretical framework on how systems of control by firms and regulatory systems work together or fail to do so, as an effective management system. Evidently, the fire would have been prevented if the right measures were applied. The Main Organizations Responsible for Refurbishment Many companies were involved…

Fire Disasters Investigations Fire-related disasters are quite common in many communities. In most cases, when we are faced with such situations, we tend to need answers on the leading causes of the fire. This is because fire incidents sometimes happen without our understanding of what is the leading cause.  Fire investigation is a dilemma we are faced with in such situations. Many people have different opinions on the time length used to do an investigation. From my community experiencer, I feel that enough time is spent on fire investigation cases. As a person with little experience in matters of disaster investigation, I have come to understand various factors that are considered when undertaking a fire investigation case.  Fire investigation usually begins after the fire has settled and, in many cases, long after the debris has been cleared in the fire scene.  Also, the investigation begins when a fire scene is quite.  Investigation takes time to look at evidence or clues such as char patterns, melt direction, as well as heat shadows (Righter, 2017).  The burning patterns tend to provide evidence…