Philosophy of Personality The diversity in people’s personality tends to affect how individuals behave from time to time during their interactions with one another. Aspects of personality reveal the character of a person, both strengths and weaknesses. Theologically, the nature of a person should solely depend on his or her belief in God and direction from biblical teachings concerning the interactions of human beings. Emphasis is on the core value of love, love for God, self, and others. Therefore any behavior one displays should have a reference attached to the virtue of love, among many other teachings from the scripture. Therefore, love is the center and backbone of human existence and interaction. Although different aspects affect the character of individuals, the most significant element is spiritual, which implies that theologically, personality is significantly influenced by the belief in God. Naturally, the personalities of people bring about the uniqueness among human beings, which results in flavor in social interactions. Theologically, all characters should exercise the virtue of love, no matter their personality orientation or diversity. According to the Bible teachings, God…

Argumentation and Advocacy Problems Some evergreens are objects of worship, because all fir trees are evergreens, and some objects of worship are fir trees. Step 1: “Some evergreens are objects of worship,” is the conclusion. Step2: The predicate term of the conclusion is, “objects of worships,” hence, it is the primary term of a syllogism. Step 3: “Some objects of worship are fir trees,” is the central premise that contains the primary term. Step4: “All fir trees are evergreens,” is the minor premise since it covers the subject term of the conclusion. Step 5: The standard form of the syllogism is: Some objects of worships are fir trees. All fir trees are evergreens. Thus, some evergreens are objects of worship. Step 6: In this syllogism, the three propositions are arranged in the order, I, A, and I. The central term, “fir trees,” is the predicate term of the fundamental premise, and it is the subject term of the minor premise. Therefore, the syllogism is in the fourth figure. IAI-4 is the mood and figure of the syllogism. All artificial satellites…

The Design Argument Topic 1: The Design Argument. (i) State and explain the design argument for God’s existence. Then (ii) explain some reasons or evidence in support of the premises. Next, (iii) discuss at least one key criticism of the design argument. Finally, (iv) provide a thoughtful evaluation of this debate, where this involves explaining the reason (not your belief) why you do or don’t think the design argument survives the criticism(s) you raise. Topic 2: The Cosmological Argument. (i) State and explain the cosmological argument for God’s existence. Then (ii) explain some reasons or evidence offered in support of the premises. Next, (iii) discuss at least one key criticism of the cosmological argument. Finally, (iv) provide a thoughtful evaluation of this debate, where this involves explaining the reason (not your belief) why you do or don’t think the cosmological argument survives the criticism(s) you raise.(unique_solution) Topic 3: The Problem of Evil. (i) State and explain the problem of evil against God’s existence. Then (ii) explain some reasons or evidence offered in support of the problem of evil. Next, (iii)…

Ethical Question Society is built by morals and ethics that all follow and help develop a peaceful coexistence; this enables the members in the community to have an established path in solving problems. This notion then begs the question, do we all agree on some fundamental way that specific issues within the society should be handled? Does abortion have a place in society? Indeed, every individual will have a different feeling about how such cases should be handled. Abortion can be defined as the event through which the existence of an embryo is terminated. This termination can occur in either a medical procedure or a natural phenomenon that ends the embryo’s life. Events such as the illness of the expectant mother can cause the unborn to die. Furthermore, the fetus can be terminated due to accidents which induce shock. In most of these natural causes, men are not subjected to the process of making a decision, and thus, there is no rational way of arguing the fate. Nonetheless, on some occasions, the society is tasked with making the decision that…

Stoicism essay Stoicism is a philosophy focusing on positive emotions and maximizing joy and gratitude in every day’s life. It is a tool supporting mindfulness and value-based practices in life by amplifying the positivity of human experiences on issues such as resilience in challenges and joy in daily duties. The primary focus of Stoicism is mindfulness. It encourages people to recognize life events that might be controlled, and those that cannot. I could live as a stoic because of various reasons. Firstly, stoics have power over their minds. Secondly, they take personal responsibility for their values and actions. Thirdly, they are genuinely happy throughout their interactions with other people. The choice of Stoicism is inspired by philosophers such as Epictetus, Marcus Aurelius, and Seneca, who assert that judgment and happiness are derived from human behavior, and not word of mouth. Therefore, as a stoic, the outside events cannot control my life because I am genuinely contented with my personal possessions and responsibility for my values and actions. Stoics have power over their minds because it is difficult to have control…

Philosophical law Philosophical law is a section of philosophy that examines the nature of law. Rational law, as an academic aspect, explores the nature of law concerning other systems of norms. The main application of this field is that it questions the meaning of legality, legal validity, and inquiries about the relationship between morality and law. Philosophical law is divided into two branches; normative jurisprudence and analytical jurisprudence. In this paper, a complete analysis of the two ideas and their sub-branches has been done. Additionally, the concepts have been applied to explain the movie, “The Martian by Ridley Scott.” This text is, therefore, an application of philosophical laws to the decisions that were made in the film, “The Martian.” Analytical jurisprudence seeks to provide a general account of the nature of law. Analytical jurisprudence applies conceptual analysis. Its generality is applied to the sense that it targets universal features of the law. By Universal features, it is meant to be used at times and all places and still holds up. The target of philosophers applying this kind of law is…

The objective view of Martin Gardiner on Art The objective view of Martin Gardiner on Art and aesthetics argue that the apparent properties of the painting, including its features, are in the eyes of the beholder. The objective Gardner indicates that individuals have different perspectives on art items and the beauty of the objects. As such, he suggests that productivity in all artwork, good or bad, transcends from both personal preferences, social norms, and standards (Course material). It is considerably hard to establish the beauty aspects of a painting from one viewpoint as people’s perceptions vary considerably. The observation, analysis, and perspectives upon which to examine an artwork vary from a person to another. In the analysis of the artwork and beauty of the object, I concur with Gardiner’s view of beauty and the perceiver. It is apparent that a piece of Art can draw different impressions from different observers, thus leading to varying perspectives upon a similar piece of Art. The concept can be understood by considering the idea of the aesthetics of Art. This is a scientific discipline…

Science and Art of theory development and evaluation Researchers have debated for decades on the best criteria for developing and evaluating theories. A clear consensus has not yet been realized by there are various common qualities that most scholars believe a strong theory should portray. A theory can vary in terms of facts, values, and its relation with other theories; thus, these aspects should inform their development and appraisal. Accordingly, the below-discussed elements can be said to characterize the Science and Art of theory development and evaluation. Initially, the science and art aspect of theory demands it to have the ability to falsify/testability. Philosophers, like Karl Popper, emphasized that testability is the pivotal basis upon which theory can be evaluated (Redmond, 2015). Notably, it is hard to prove a theory, but it can be disapproved/falsified. Approving a theory would be challenging because it would require any test to be repeated countless times. Other aspects, such as the validity of tests, variables, measurements, and the posed questions, restrict the idea of proving a theory. The testability aspect of a theory can…

Analysis of Universal and Relative Moral Theories Introduction Universal moral theories Universal moral theories is a situation where ethical systems apply some form of universality to all individuals, regardless of race, culture, religion, sex and nationality. It is composed of ideal observer theory which holds that ethical sentences express truth propositions regarding the attitudes of a hypothetical perfect observer. There is also divine command theory which suggests that a morally right action must be a command from God. Besides, we have universal prescriptivism which indicates that people actions are in line with moral judgments they make in all situation where the same facts apply. Relative moral theories Relative moral theories are concerned about philosophical positions which bring forth moral judgments across different cultures and people. Descriptive relative moral is the first theory which suggests that people do in fact, disagree with what is ethical. On its part, meta-ethics theory holds that nobody is objectively right or wrong in agreement. Lastly, the normative relative theory suggests that people tend to tolerate the immoral behaviours of others because they think that nobody…

Free Will vs. Determinism in Philosophical Counselling Part 1: Theories of Counselling Cohen (2000) approaches determinism on the premise that all behavior has a force that drives it, and it can, therefore, be predicted. He asserts that free will is just an illusion, and human behavior can be prompted or governed by either internal or external forces over which they can control. This section reviews the concept of free will and determinism in humanistic counseling and elaborates on the extent to which human behavior is the outcome of forces over which they have not to control or whether an individual is able to decide for himself/herself whether to behave or act in a particular way. Cohen (2000), in chapter 11, cites three theories that can be employed in professional counseling, which include the rationale emotive behavior theory, person-centered theory, and transactional analysis theory. Transactional analysis theory gives an optimistic approach to counseling concerning human nature. Ti entails four primary areas of predicting and understanding human behavior, including structural analysis, game analysis, transactional analysis, and script analysis. It perceives humans as…

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