Three General Theories of Ethics and Proposal for most Reasonable for determining right and wrong             The three most compelling approaches to ethical analysis are deontology, consequentialism, and virtue ethics. Consequentialist ethics proposes that the moral content of an action stem from the real and expected outcomes from an action. Virtue ethics is generally concerned with the intention behind the action while deontological ethical theories perceive the action itself as the object of moral evaluation. The three theories provide reasonable frameworks for decoding ethical dilemmas and providing insight into ethical analysis and evaluation of practices and behavior. The analysis concludes with an integration of deontological, consequentialist, and virtue ethics to discuss the integrity approach.             According to the theory, the moral content of a person’s actions is determined by the real and expected consequences arising from choosing the action. The scale for determining what is right or wrong is based on what is desirable and what is not in the society’s view. The consequences of the action are judged against a certain standard of the purpose or end. It suggests…

ways through which the text agrees and disagrress with the arguments in The Republic The debate on knowledge has been part of philosophy for centuries. Philosophers wrote and held discussions about the nature of consciousness and its impact on the lives of man. The rationality and beliefs held by philosophers furthered the discusions and gave justifications on their arguments. Addiionally, different schools of thought emerged all which proposed unique ideas. This essay draws attentions to Plato’s Theatetus which is set in the form of dialogue between Socrates, Theaetetus and Theodorus. Additionally, the essay will identify ways through which the text agrees and disagrress with the arguments in The Republic. Theatetus is set in dialogue where the parties invlove hold a discussion about the nature of knowledge. The discusision is initiated by Socrates who asks the Theodorus, a tutor about any of his students with exemplary character and reasoning. Theodorus informs Socrates about the abilities of one of his students, Theatetus an orphan put into a disadvanted position by trustees who have dissipated his property. When the two meet, Socrates asks…

Aristotle’s argument What traits constitute a moral or ethical person? Over the past years, socialists and philosophers adopt controversial points of view concerning the nature of being noble. The question about what makes a moral person realizes considerable controversy due to diversified opinions adopted by scholars, academicians, theorists, and philosophers. Aristotle and Plato are among the notable philosophers whose work considers some of the significant traits considered when determining who a moral or ethical person is. Whereas Plato emphasizes that the acquisition of knowledge is essential towards becoming a righteous person, Aristotle negates the point of view, and he argues that knowing the good or evil does not necessarily translate to a morally acceptable life. The paper reflects the two philosophers’ points of view towards supporting Aristotle’s argument as the most convincing in explaining who a moral person is. I believe that being ethical or moral is dictated by a person’s behavior, which evidences a desire to help others, correctitude, and honesty. The last two are personal attitudes that curtail an individual from indulging in negative behavior. Maintaining a correct…

Contrast In Mill And Kant’s Philosophical Theories Ethics are basically what people choose to be better or worse. These theories deal with values relating to human action according to their ways of life. The best two philosophers dealing with ethics are Kant and Mill. Kant emphasizes deontological ethics, while Mill deals with utilitarianism. Both theories have differences in that Kant’s theory puts more emphasis on conduct and searching for better deeds at work while Mill’s theory explains the outcome. They are also increasing Happiness of human beings by acting in a way that produces sound for a large number of people. Concerning conception of the good, Kant says that the goodwill results in Happiness and deserving Happiness whereas Mill explains Happiness as the absence of pain. According to Kant, morality is exclusively irrational, while Mill says it is unreasonable (Baron, 1997). Kant says that social context is required for honesty while Mill opposes. Kant focuses on the evaluation of individual agents while Mills deals with collective consequences. (Mills, 2007). Kant argues that the status of morality is innate while Mill…

The end of the middle ages The end of the middle ages was triggered by the rediscovery of lost roman and Greek manuscripts by humanists such as Petrarch forcing people to reevaluate the church’s position and indulge in critical thinking about doctrine. This historical narrative is wrong for the Greek texts were not rediscovered. Significant Greek scientists and philosophers gained a way to the west mainly because they were translated from Arabic during the translation movement that was an initiative of the caliphs of Baghdad. Both Christian and Islamic philosophers faced the challenge of reconciling theology and sacred texts with philosophy. Saint Augustine banned critical thinking in Europe when he halted the debate in favor of theology. Averroes, a Muslim philosopher, came to be known in Europe as the commentator as he commented on the works of Aristotle, and it was through the translation of his comments into Latin that Aristotle was introduced in Europe, causing an intellectual earthquake. Averroes argued that the truth could be reached through belief and philosophy and that contradictions between the two meant that people…

Ways of Acquiring Nationality According to Paul Weill Introduction             According to Patrick Weill, citizenship has multiple dimensions which include legal terms which associate a person to a state or nation. The second definition is civic where citizens elect their leaders through democracy while foreign residents take part in national activities through other means. The third definition of citizenship is psychological where one has a feeling of belonging to a particular nation and gains emotional attachment, loyalty, and identification of that specific state. Membership, or rather nationality is created through an imagined community that stems from cultural and social belonging. This paper delves into discussing how the definitions of citizenship converge, coincide, and correspond. There is often no correspondence between the three dimensions. The legal aspect, however, shown by national ID’s, passports, and is the dimension that confers nationality to the majority of the citizens in most states. The legal aspect is not dependent on any degree of participation of an individual in the civil and political activities; neither does it require them to have a sense of belonging. Weill…

Plato’s Republic essay Introduction Plato’s Republic is a masterpiece by Plato that tries to define justice and whether a just person is happier than the unjust person. To achieve this goal, Plato draws a parallel comparison between justice, human virtues, a just city, politics, and philosophy. In Plato’s Republic, justice is defined by individual virtue, the order of society, and individual rights. Throughout arguments, Socrates tries to show how having a good soul will automatically lead to a just city/society. The relationship between the city and a just soul is a way of defending Plato’s philosophy of ethics. Socrates argues that a just soul achieves happiness since justice fosters friendship and a sense of common purpose. Socrates begins by trying to defend justice from an ideal perspective, but as the plot progresses, it becomes evident that all he was trying to defend was human rationality and not justice as per se. In this paper, I argue that Plato’s Republic is a defense of Socrates and philosophy and an ineffective definition of justice. The Republic is a true defense of Socrates…

Anaximander of Miletus                  Anaximander of Miletus is said to be one of the three original philosophers before Socrates, or pre-socratic. He was a contemporary younger and a citizen from Thales. His work of philosophies influenced everybody in the nation of Thales, who read most of his books and wise saying. He, among Thales and Anaximenes, who the first rational men of philosophies in those errors. These intelligent men bring a clear understanding of the universe by answering all the questions concerning the world. They did that by subject their existence and brought forth the movement of mythos to logos. Thales was the first philosopher to question the universe and asked what made it work. He coined the term “arché,” which means an organized principle or fundamental principle. Thales, for the first time, indicated that area of intellectual endeavor. Anaximander emerged as the first philosopher to merch it out, including a few modifications and additions. On the origin of species, Anaximander states that in the beginning, men were born from creatures of different sorts. Mainly because all the other animals…

Presentation paper The education-related quote is based on Confucianism is “When you see a worthy person, endeavour to emulate him. When you see an unworthy person, then examine your inner self.” The quote emphasizes on one’s role in education through a cultivated self. A person is therefore required to learn by interacting with the environment by identifying his own good based on the well-being of the others. Personal Quote on Education “The main goal of education is to improve life in the world and to ensure that you make a positive impact on the community” this personal quote, also mirrors my belief in education as the way of understanding the universe to better peoples’ lives. As such, through education, everyone should ensure that they establish ways of improving the community and the entire globe. My personal Codes of Ethics I have always believed in making difficult ethical decisions to ensure justice. I always feel that people should do things by adhering to the rules and acting in an equitable manner to each other. My ethical beliefs also hold that decisions…

Hope betrays life itself According to Albert Camus, hope is a form of escapement from the personal responsibility of achieving the unachievable. This means that hope refrains one from the realization of realities of limitation and one’s capability to achieve those realities. Therefore according to Camus, for one to refrain from this mockery of hope, he/she must adhere to the absurdity of life and embrace life’s meaninglessness instead that strive to achieve anything beyond one capability.  In The Myth of Sisyphus, one must endure hardship throughout their life to achieve any milestone of success rather than float on the wonderland of hope where absurdities are limited. The Camus critique presents a strong analogy by identifying varying experiences that affect human existence in this world through different challenges in the strive for success. In such a context, this paper will interpret what Camus meant when he wrote that hope betrays life itself and critically evaluate the Camus arguments by taking a position on his case. From the interpretation of The Myth of Sisyphus, people are always forced to seek the systematic…