A geological Event: Fossil dating Introduction According to Matzke et al (35), these are the methods which are used by archaeologists to determine the age of fossils. Fossils refers to the remains of the pre historic organisms which are preserved in a petrified form or as mold in rocks. They provide the evidence for of presence of animals or plants in the earlier geological periods. Fossils are formed from as a result of the replacement of materials and tissues with ground water, thus forming a replica of the original organism in stones (Puttick et al, 23). The age of fossils cannot be exactly determined but it is argued that these organisms existed at least 10,000 years ago. This is a date which marks the end of the Cenozoic Era and the Pleistocene period. There are two techniques which are used in dating fossils. These are the absolute dating methods and the relative dating techniques. These two techniques of dating fossils have their own unique differences which will be discussed in this essay. Relative dating technique As said by Aburto (12),…

Considerations for ethical business decision making. Introduction According to Ellerman (2015), business ethics refers to a form of professional ethics that are applied in business and which are used to examine the moral principles and the ethical problems which are likely to arise in the business environment, both internally and externally. These moral ethics guides the behaviour of all individuals in the organization as well as all the shareholders who contributes immensely towards the success of a business organization. The considerations for ethical business decision making is divided in to two broad categories, which includes the ethical factors, individual factors and social factors. Individual factors Values refer judgements which are made by individual people. They also refer to the standards of behaviour which guides an individual person.  To some business people, lack of honesty is a tool of doing business! Yes, some people can survive in the business environment through lies. Morals are inner individual characteristics and can affect their ethical behaviours (Lansford et al 2015). Morals are ruled which are developed by individuals and are shaped by societal norms…

Toaster essay A toaster is an electric appliance that converts electricity into heat energy. This gadget contains a heater made from Nichrome wire, a thermostat, and a popup tray. The parts allow the electric power to flow through the radiator and warm a slice of bread to a specified temperature. Heater The Nichrome coiled wires heat the slices of bread to the required temperature levels. Electric current flows from the cable plugged into the electrical supply through the radiator (Baguley & McDonald, 2015). The process transmits energy from one end of the cable to the other. As the electricity flows, the electrons in the filaments collide with one another to generate the required heat. Thus, the Nichrome filament converts electric power to heat energy. Thermostat The thermostat determines the duration that the slice of bread must heat. A bimetal-strip thermostat fitted close to the heater bends as heat increases (Woodford, 2018). This gadget bends enough to switch off the heating element once the toaster reaches the right temperatures. The control knob allows the user to determine the distance that the…

Engineering Solution of Renewable Energy in Rural Areas (Cook Stoves) Paste Engineering is all about coming up with solutions to meet the needs of the people. By designing solutions to help people, engineers can make initiatives in rural communities resulting in the use of less and cleaner energy for cooking and heating  (Glass 2018). In most rural areas, many families rely on solid fuels due to limited incomes. The solid fuel includes coal and biomass. Design solutions must be affordable, robust, sustainable, and culturally appropriate so they can make a real difference in the health of the families who use them, as well as the environment (Pemberton-Pigott 2018). This paper is going to discuss about cookstoves as an example of an affordable source of renewable source of energy. With regard to the problem, engineers have recently developed a charcoal stove prototype using locally available materials, among them granite rock, glass wool, and stainless steel (Pemberton-Pigott 2018). The stove describes the design properties, thermophysical, and thermodynamic performance of the granite rock applicable in thermal-energy storage system fabrication. The thermophysical properties of…

Aspirin investigation Introduction Aspirin is a common analgesic drug used to reduce pain. The drug works by inhibiting substances in the body that mediate pain. Fever and inflammatory processes. Sometimes aspirin can be used in the prevention of heart attack, stroke and chest pains. Previous studies have reported successful treatment of heart failure and sinus rhythm. Comparison between aspirin and warfarin singled out aspirin as more superior than warfarin (Homma et al., 2012). The findings of this study showed that aspirin could effectively be used in the treatment of the symptoms of heart failure and reduce pain. However, the continued use of aspirin among patients with congestive heart failure has raised the concern of drug resistance among some patients. Analysis of the treatment outcomes among patients treated with aspirin acquired from different companies has produced varying results. The results implied that the aspirins from the various companies had some variations (Sane, McKee, Malinin, & Serebruany, 2002). The IUPAC name of salicylic acid is ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid or 2-hydroxybenzoic acid. This compound has been used historically to reduce pain in 400 B.C.…

 Biologics License Application (BLA) A Biologics License Application (BLA) is handed over to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to get the approval of distributing any particular biological product in various states. This is under the regulation of 21 CFR 600-680. The application is submitted by any individual tasked with the responsibility of the safety and efficacy of the product. The submission of BLA requires the applicants to fill the form FDA356h and hand it over to the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) either in hard copies or the softcopies- electronically (Shiva, 2019). The application entails certain information to gain approval. The application needs to have the following: The draft of the product should be labeled. The summary of the information deemed necessary in the application and the information that is related to the individual applying for License. Preclinical data should be included and the clinical data. The clinical data should consist of the safety of the product and also the product’s efficacy. It should have information about the manufacturing of the product and the chemistry of the…

The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI) The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI) is a theoretical model that identifies and regulates the communication purpose of the telecommunication channel without concern to its core configuration and technology. The main objective of the open systems interconnection model is the interoperability of varied communication schemes with regular communication procedures. It explains more about the functions of a networking system. The OSI reference model has computing schemes that are divided into seven distinct abstraction layers. The physical layer is connected to the lowest layer of the OSI model, and it transfers raw unstructured information bits electrically through the physical layer of the sending device, the physical layer of the receiving device. Common resources found in the physical layer are modems, network hubs, and network hubs. The data link layer is used to rectify mistakes that ensued in the physical layer; it also performs node-to-node information transmission where it is bundled in frames. It contains two layers of its own; this includes media access control that gives flow measure for device transfer over a network and…