Women rights in Lebanon Introduction Lebanon is a leading country in the Middle East with diverse religions comprising of mainly Muslims and Christians. The personal status laws applicable in Lebanon are a significant source of discrimination against women (Salameh, 2013). As such, this has deprived women of their basic fundamental rights. Lebanon was among the first countries in the Arab region to provide equal rights for women to participate in politics. Lebanon ratified the “Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women” to ensure that all human rights for women are guaranteed. However, all 15 religious-based personal status laws do not address issues that lead to women discrimination (El-Helou, 2015). In particular, the personal status laws do not discuss divorce, rights to hold properties, and custody of children. Interpretation of law and rulings is a role of religious courts, which are not regulated by the government, and this has resulted in gross violation of human rights (World Bank, 2015). This paper discusses the legal framework, gender inequality, and personal status laws that discriminate against women’s rights and…

 precautionary policing The authors hypothesized that the police officers, as well as staff negotiations with risk, indicate a paradigmatic shift from the traditional policing to precautionary policing. The concept of precautionary policing remains a hot topic of discussion by social science scholars and international human rights activists. Furthermore, they hypothesized that risk management constitutes the backbone of good governance both in the public and private sectors. Additionally, they posit that the mitigative measures put in place by governmental and non-governmental agencies are viewed as the cornerstone to the new management control. The authors assert that risk management is contingent on crime management and power within the policing context. The data was collected through ethnographic fieldwork in a police force control room (FCR). The focus was based on England to establish how law officers and staff construct narratives of risk. The focal point of the study was on the police response to domestic violence. The research was conducted on 26 police officers who were taken through a rigorous ethnography within a total of 55 hours. The respondents in the participation were…

international human right monitory There are two different types of international human right monitory, namely, treaty-based and non-treaty based mechanism. Treaty-based are preserved in legally binding human rights conventions. Non-treaty based mechanism not centred on lawfully binding human rights treaty commitment. Human rights monitory is an action that tries to find information about the condition of human rights in a country to involve advocacy to address human right violation (Gordon, 2017). It comprises the process of documenting human rights violations for the information to be classified and used efficiently. Human rights are rights essential to all human beings irrespective of gender, religion, race, and ethnicity (Gordon, 2017). They include the right to life, right to work and education, freedom of expression and freedom from slavery. The notion of human rights developed stronger after world war II (Gordon, 2017). The United Nations was then established, and human rights were later apprehended during President Franklin Delano union address. Globally the campaigners of human rights have mostly been citizens. Non-governmental organizations have always played a key role in directing the international community on…

Inhuman crimes Inhuman crimes have dangerous and long-lasting effects in any community. Offenses such as genocide, war crimes, aggression, and crimes against humanity require a collective effort to eradicate. Over two decades, the international community aspired to create a permanent court to deal with inhumanity. In the twentieth century, nations reached an agreement on the definitions of war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity. The International Criminal Court (ICC) is the first global court established to help end impunity in society.  In April 2002, ten nations formally approved the Rome Statute of the ICC, which brought the total approvals to more than sixty. These nations activated the United Nations treaty on an international court of last resort. However, the ICC is an independent global agency and not part of the UN system. Today, the court has 123 member nations and has headquarters in The Hague, Netherlands. The core role of the ICC is to complement the individual judicial system in countries on two occasions; when national courts are ineffective in pursuing criminals and in case UN or member states refer…

AI Ethics and Rights             The rapid exponential rate at which Artificial Intelligence continues to develop has cause reason to consider the effects which it would have on overall human morality, autonomy, even human intelligence. The rate at which AI continues to develop indicates that it will attain some semblance of autonomy and the ability to make independent decisions in a matter of years or less. It, therefore, becomes a valid question what the motivations behind these decisions would be, and who becomes responsible for these decisions, if catastrophes arise from these decisions. Some fundamental human rights are also placed in potential jeopardy with the continued development of Artificial Intelligence through machine learning. Amongst these are the rights to privacy, the rights to equality, and the rights to the prohibition of equality (Mantelero, 2018). It is worth deep consideration of the whole range of effects that any further development of AI would result for humankind on the moral, intellectual, and human rights and autonomy fronts.     References Mantelero, A. (2018). AI and Big Data: A blueprint for human rights,…

Fundamental Human Rights Introduction The constitution guarantees every citizen’s basic human rights, which are known as fundamental rights. The fundamental rights are classified under six distinct categories – Right to life, Right to freedom from harm, Right to freedom of thoughts, Right to movement, Right to freedom from slavery, and Right to equality. Human rights are fundamental freedoms and rights that belong to every individual in the world from their birth till death. These rights apply to every person regardless of where one is born and can never be taken away, although they can get restricted. These rights are founded on different shared values, including equality, respect, dignity, independence, and fairness. Right to Equality According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, every person is free at birth and equal to all rights and dignity. All people are endowed with conscience and reason, and they should act towards one another in the mode of brotherhood. According to the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States on the Equal Protection Clause, individuals naturalized or born in the United States are citizens to…

5G network 5G network uses categorizes into three connected services. One is enhanced mobile broadband whereby the system will not only make smartphone use better, but it also adds immersive experiences such as VR and AR, which are faster with lower latency and cost per bit. Secondly is the mission-critical communications whereby new services that can transform industries with lower latency links, for instance, medical procedures, will be enabled. Thirdly, massive Internet of Things (IoT) whereby the network will smoothly connect embedded sensors in everything by scaling it down to data rates or power and mobility in a bid to provide low-cost solutions. Similarly, the 5G network is innovative in a manner that it can comfortably support services that are unknown today, but can take place in the future, unlike the previous wireless communications. Findings Unlike 4G, the 5G network is an exceedingly capable groundbreaking technology; however it is not only multifaceted but also extremely complicated. Owing to the new challenges in managing the long term total cost of ownership and Return on Investment (RoI), it will bring forth; a…

 unruly children’s behavior The purpose of the law is mainly to establish fair standards, maintain order, resolve disputes, and protect human rights and liberties. This is always at every level in society, especially when the actions of the individual could cause harm to others and themselves. Members of the community also include children who might be out of control or acting in a manner that requires external reinforcement. As discussed, it is evident that the scope of punishable offenses is not only aimed at punishing the child, but they are also a way to show them what their future could look like if they continued with the same behavior. In as much as judicial intervention can be an alternative in rectifying behavior, given the sensitivity involved in the teenage years, it should be supplemented with other corrective measures (Roush, 2019). This is because in most cases where teenagers start committing offenses and are punished primarily through the system without other interventions, they tend to repeat these offenses in the future. In regards to the scope of unruly children’s behavior, the…

Civil Rights and The Great Depression The civil rights movement that swept America in the 1930s led to a revolution that has been popularized by the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. King’s assassination was an indication of the intolerance towards blacks in their quest for equal treatment. The tragedy encouraged the human rights defenders leading to national discourses about the rights of all persons regardless of their skin color, persuasion, or ethnicity. Elements of the human rights violation, however, continued to persist in American society, including actions taken by President Hoover during the great depression. During this time, trade restrictions led to revenge actions from America’s trade partners, thus jeopardizing the livelihood of American farmers.  Through the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Americans expressed their frustration about unfair treatment based on color, creed, and persuasion, among other factors. Thesis Statement: Martin Luther King’s assassination was a significant turning point in the human rights campaigns in America that persisted in society since the 1930s following the passage of trade laws in the Smoot-Hawley Act. Martin Luther King envisioned America…

steps Ukraine has taken both internally and internationally to deal with the issue of human rights Human rights are the rights that every person must be exposed to regardless of their gender, race, religion and occupation. Ukraine is a nation that is experiencing high cases of human rights violation. According to the study taken on 19th September 2018 by the Human Rights Council(HRC), there were about 85 incidences of human rights violation in Ukraine. The Ukraine government took responsibility of 53 of the deaths, DPR was responsible for 10 of them while Russia was behind 22 cases of the violations. Human rights of the people of Ukraine are violated in the following ways: sexual harassment, unlawful detention and arbitrary detention. Statistics taken by the UN monitoring mission show that violations in 2017 did result in 12 death cases and 93 injuries. Deaths and injuries experienced were as a result of attacks by grenades, tripwires and mines as well as shells that did not detonate. Notably, this violation mostly affected children since many children lost their lives while others were injured.…