Certainty and Doubt             Certainty and doubt are two concepts’ that go hand in hand in nature.Certainty involves being over a hundred percent sure and positive about something. On the other hand, doubt consists of having second thoughts about anything that one might be sure of. The relationship between the two terms goes together in an odd combination since one can never doubt without certainty. In Phelps’ quote, he argues that confidence in terms of determination and inner motivation is vital for one to accomplish their desires. Contrary, Russell looks at it oppositely and argues that doubt is essential when challenging ideas and beliefs. If the two concepts are balanced, they can lead to success and significant accomplishment. Certainty and doubt get seen as one concept. However, depending only on one of either can led to failure. In a case where one is overconfident with ones’ ability, one end up not taking achievement seriously and lack of talent. On the other hand, too much doubt causes un-readiness for anything (Soros et al, 2013). In an instance, when one is wholly…

advancement of air defense from 1930 to date On 28 July 1914, the nature of war changed. Initially, wars were preserved for the high seas and the battlegrounds. The war to end all wars erupted when Austria –Hungary declared war on Serbia, and this led to the First World War. The peaceful skies would rapidly know the despoils of the conflict of men. In a short time, aircraft with fixed wings would be carrying out attacks from the ground and taking part in airy dogfights with the United States taking the lead. Therefore, this paper talks about the advancement of air defense from 1930 to date. The progress of air defenses has a significant effect on national security. As a result of the significant role air power had played during World War I, a drift emerged between the 1920s and 1930s to institute an independent air force. The modeling of an independent air force institution originated from Great Britain. In 1918, Great Britain amalgamated its Navy Air and its Army into the Royal Air Force (RAF). The United States considered…

Pearl Harbor incident and Franklin D. Roosevelt’s View             The 1941’s attack of the Pearl Harbor’s incident is one of the landmark incident in the U.S history, especially concerning the country’s foreign policy, its entry into WWII, and the complete end of America’s isolationism. While this attack was both a surprise and terrible to the Americans, it influenced global acknowledgment of the U.S as a Superpower country. This paper explores the entire event from President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s standpoint and how the congress’ avowal of warfare against the Japanese Empire confirmed America’s superiority on military capabilities. Also, this paper examines the motivators on the Japanese Naval and Air forces to attack all the pacific islands and especially the U.S Hawaiian military and naval base, Pearl Harbor. Thus, this paper focuses on the President’s Roosevelt’s view of this deadly and historic attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese. Pearl Harbor’s Incident Pearl Harbor attack concerns the historical invasion of the U.S military and naval base in the Hawaii islands by the Japanese army. This deadly attack happened on the Sunday morning…

Strengths and Weaknesses of General Douglas MacArthur Douglas MacArthur was the son of Arthur MacArthur, Jr. and Mary Hardy and was born in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1880. He was the youngest of Arthur and Mary’s three children. His father was an army officer and a Union hero of the American Civil War. Douglas MacArthur accompanied his father to different military posts across the U.S. from New Mexico to Washington, D.C. He attended the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he began his studies and excelled there. After graduation, MacArthur became a lieutenant in the United States Army Corps of Engineers. This is where his career as a Military leader begun and was assigned in the Philippines. Throughout his career, General Douglas MacArthur showed his prowess in leading and strategizing wars. He is associated with the Philippines’ defeat and clashed severally with Washington and the Navy over war strategy and the allocation of resources; these are some of the arguments used in this report to support his weaknesses. He mostly gained recognition during the Second World War as…

The political Rule Germany is a dominant democratic nation in the world. This domination, not with-standing; Germany has had an unstable past. The political, economic, and social intensity that sailed modernization in Western Europe flowed at a slower pace. Germany has undergone a great deal of transformation since the 1800s. Germany participated in the First and the Second World Wars in 1918 and 1945. Between 1945 and 1990, Germany was split into the West, better known as the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the East was known as the Democratic Republic (GDR). After the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989, Germany was unified. In 2005 Angela Merkel was elected as the Chancellor. Germany is a Chancellor democracy, and the most influential political body is the Chancellor. The Rudimentary Law designed a Federalism system whereby Federal and State Governments share power. The President is ceremonial. The Legislature is comprises two houses; the Lower House (Federal Diet), and the Upper House (Federal Council). Specific social and economic facets sway state politics. Socially, ideology and political culture, ethnic and national identity…

Honor violence in Virginia Honor violence, which can also be referred to as dueling, is described by Bruce Baird as a violence that is employed in defense of a person’s honor. The honor violence was strongly condemned by the upper-class consensus, which was living in Virginia. The evolution of honor violence before the revolution was sparked by the aristocratic competition and democratic disputes that affected the unity of the upper-class consensus and saw the beginning of dueling acceptance. The second factor that influenced the evolution of honor violence during the revolution was the challenge of having honor. Bruce describes in chapter four of Violence and Brutality in American History this by stating that dueling still faced difficulties before it could be accepted by the people (Michael, 1999). Lee argued that the law of honor was manifested even on those who opposed dueling in their principle because he believed that the opinion of humanity, which is more of law, forces a man to resent an insult and connects the contempt of a coward to them if they refuse. The influence of…

How Hitler rose to power Hitler was a leader in Germany who was appointed to be a chancellor in the year 1933 after the Nazi Party have succeeded in several electoral victories. Hitler ruled until 1945, when his death suicide happened (Goeschel, 2018). He had transformed Germany to become a war state during his leadership, where all democratic institutions got smashed. Hitler was so powerful and a very notorious dictator. Hitler was able to rise to power through the Nazi party, which had become the largest political party. Since no one had the ability to command enough support to government Hitler was appointed as the Chancellor of Germany by President Paul Von Hindenburg (Goeschel, 2018). After the death of this president, Hitler took over as the Commander in chief of the German army. He expanded the army so quickly and started to form a new air force Hitler used different tools to maintain control to achieve his goals. For instance, immediately after he took over, he dismantled most democratic institutions and started murdering or imprisoning most people who tried to…

Struggling with the Pandemic Nobody knew that the freedom of free interaction could disappear as quickly as the melting of waxes. When convoys of army trucks ferrying bodies of dead people were seen in some countries, the governments’ importunity to have people circumscribed started making sense. The social distancing rules have come as an eye-opener that worldly belongings could prove to be vanity. Besides, rich people are witnessing their money sepulcher in banks and houses without anywhere to spend it. Journalists have importuned government officials who have appeared to be prodigal even in times of crisis as they seek to seek popularity. The failure to adhere to governments’ precepts has been censured, and the people offenders regarded to as libertine as they continue to put their lives as well of others in danger. Everyone wishes the current epidemic away so that the world can resume normalcy as people look forward to flourish after several months of lockdown. Besides, not everyone enjoys staying locked in their houses and the only friend in sight is a cup of wassail. The epidemic caught everyone unawares, and those who had planned to marry have been forced to postpone their parties or choose to do them behind closed doors. Moreover,…

Hurricane Katrina Hurricane Katrina is one of the largest storms that have occurred in the US. The Hurricane struck the Gulf Coast with its winds exceeding 185 km per hour. The key areas that were affected by the storm included New Orleans, Louisiana, Gulf Port, and Mississippi. The storm that originated as a tropical depression on August 23, 2005, rapidly intensified when it reached the Gulf of Mexico. Apart from causing the death of 1,200 people, the Hurricane resulted in the destruction of communication and transportation facilities such as ports and airports, roads, bridges, and public transit, making the people who had not been evacuated to have minimal access to basic necessities including shelter and food. In addition, the storm affected the disaster resilience process, the economic vitality of the US, quality of life, and the potential for positive change between human systems and the environment. Critical Components Related to Hurricane Katrina’s Short-Term Recovery Operation One of the strategies that the US government adopted after the occurrence of Hurricane Katrina was the establishment of Emergency Relief programs that were focused…

The Catch-22 review Catch -22 is a satirical novel that was written by Joseph Heller. Heller was an American, and the book was published in the year 1961. The book is centered on one character, John Yossarian. Yossarian is an American soldier who specializes in bombs, and he is stationed on the Mediterranean island during the era of the Second World War (Light, 2016). The novel describes some of the desperate attempts of John to stay alive. According to John, the entire activities of the war are planned to be part of his personal life. He understands that the military is seeking ways to lead him to his death. With that in mind, John takes most of the time to talk about the means of escaping from his missions. According to the mover, the Air force Army regulation asserts that an officer is suspected to be insane when he accepts to undertake dangerous combat missions willingly. However, the point of an officer seeking to be relieved of the dangerous tasks proves his sanity (Light, 2016). In this case, John is…