causes of deaths among children below the age of 5 years
The leading causes of deaths among children below the age of 5 years are pneumonia, congenital anomalies, malaria, and diarrhea. According to Leung, Chisti, and Pavia (2016), diarrhea and pneumonia are two major preventable causes of deaths of children below the age of 5 years. Although globally, they have been efforts in reducing the under-5 mortality rate, they are notable differences in the under-5 mortality across regions and nations. It has been noted that more than half of the deaths of children under five years are caused by diseases that can be prevented and are curable through simple, affordable medical interventions. Strengthening health facilities to offer such interventions when required to all children below the age of 5 years will save many lives of children under five years.
Non-communicable diseases, congenital anomalies, and injuries are critical issues in global children under five year’s health plan. Congenital disabilities have an impact on estimated 1 in 33 children, leading to 3.2 million infants with disabilities, which are caused by congenital disabilities every year. The global disease challenge caused by non-communicable diseases that affect kids in childhood and also late in adulthood is at a rapid increase. However, most of the risk factors can be combated if appropriate preventative measures are put in place. Likewise, the global number of children who are overweight has risen from an estimated 31 million in 2001 to 42 million in 2016, inclusive of countries which have a high pervasiveness of childhood undernutrition. Vaccines are easily accessible for some of the killer childhood diseases, such as polio, pneumonia, measles, tetanus, and pertussis. If these vaccines can be made available to all people, it can help protect all children from diseases and deaths.
Women’s health care needs urgent change throughout their living standards. In their research, Celik, Widdershoven, and Abma (2011), as gender sensitivity is entrenched in healthcare, a variety approach to establish gender sensitivity is required to change gendered healthcare structures. aThey Increased awareness of the need for healthcare to be gender-sensitive; it is time to work and create health structures that are appropriate for women at any age. Some of the women state that the ability to pay for healthcare services is the primary determinant of accessibility health care. Other reasons are behavioral issues related to enthusiasm, search for health behavior, or perception of a disease as a stumbling block to women in the low socioeconomic status. In contrast, other women indicate that sociocultural matters, such as education, values, demographics, religion, or variables related to age, affect access to health care.
Women undergo a unique health care difficulties and are more prone to be diagnosed with certain illnesses than males. Chronic conditions and diseases, for example, cancer, heart diseases, and diabetes are the major causes of deaths among women. A recent report indicated that more than 133 million adults are living with chronic conditions, and more than half of those have more than two chronic diseases. More than 38% percent of women are suffering from one or more chronic diseases, higher than 30 percent of men. In a report released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 75% of all the United States health care dollars cater to people with chronic diseases. Preventing chronic disease is often tough for uninsured people, and women in most cases don’t have insurance. In the projection of addressing the differences in insurance coverage for women, some countries have taken numerous actions to make them accessible to women, including the expansion of Medicaid eligibility for pregnant women and elimination insurance rules that victimize women. Prevention and wellness policies combat and improve health for all communities without certain group being left out.