Congestive Heart Failure

Congestive Heart Failure

Mayor, S. (2015). Abnormal extra heartbeats may be a modifiable risk factor for heart failure, study shows. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 351. Retrieved March 21, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/26522301

Susan Mayor is a UK medical journalist who won the UK Medical Journalist Award of the Year from the Medical Journalist’ Association. She was also awarded a Communiqué Award after writing an educative book on new drug development. Susan is a PhD holder from University College Hospital Landon. She served as a university lecturer for several years after completing her post-doctoral research. She trained as a journalist and editor for a leading publisher before she became a news editor of the British Medical Journal (BMJ).

The article examines the modified risks of heart failure. According to the author, commonly occurring abnormal extra heartbeats, also termed as premature ventricular contractions, indicates the modified risks of congestive heart failure. The study conducted revealed that individuals experiencing frequent premature ventricular contractions had a three times higher risk of decline in left ventricular ejection fraction as compared to those who are normal. In this article, the author stated that a higher frequency of premature ventricular contractions was associated with the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reduction, incident congestive heart failure, and increased mortality.

I found this source useful in my research paper as I will use the information to develop a detailed analysis of the risk factors for congestive heart failure. There are several common risks associated with heart failures such as poorly controlled high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, and patient history; therefore, I will include premature ventricular contractions as a modified risk and use the information in this article to support the point.

Hanchett, E., & Johnson, R. (1968). Early Signs of Congestive Heart Failure. The American Journal of Nursing, 68(7), 1456-1461. doi:10.2307/3420890

Hanchett, Effie Sherman is an American Nurse educator born on April 11, 1936, in Syracuse, New York, United States. Hanchett attained her degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Nazareth College, and New York University. She also holds a PhD, which she attained from New York University. Ruth A. Johnson is a writer of medical journals. She has a PhD and a bachelor’s degree in Nursing and spent several years serving as a lecturer.

This article explores the early signs of congestive heart failure among patients. The authors state that patients with established congestive heart failure are likely to experience indicators of heart failure, including the conditions of increased cardiac work. However, among the undiagnosed patients, the indicators of congestive heart failure only relate to conditions leading to failure. To identify the early signs of congestive heart failure, the authors examine the fluid retention of patients. Weight is also used as an indicator to determine the cardiac status of the patient. Increased decompensation is another sign that is expected among the patient as a result if difficulty in breathing. Other signs include early dyspnea, fatigue, lack of sleep, and increase dyspnea.

I will use the information from this source to explain the early signs of congestive heart failure, expected among the patients. Also, I will utilize the information in the article to support my arguments concerning the diagnosis and development of congestive heart failure.

Arroll, B., Doughty, R., & Andersen, V. (2010). Investigation and management of congestive heart failure. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 341(7765), 190-195. Retrieved March 21, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/20734899

Bruce Arroll is a Professor of General Practice and Primary Health Care at the University of Auckland, New Zealand, and practices at Greenstone Family Clinic in Manurewa in South Auckland. Robert Doughty is a career soldier and longtime teacher at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. The author uses practical experience and scholarly knowledge to support his writings. Victoria Anderson is a renowned professional author and scholar.

In the article “Investigation and management of congestive heart failure,” written by Arroll, B., Doughty, R., & Andersen, V. present useful information about diagnosis and management of congestive heart failure. The authors describe congestive heart failure as a clinical syndrome comprising reduced cardiac output, tissue hypoperfusion, and congestion. According to this source, performing echocardiography in patients with certain or probable heart failure can be used to refine the diagnosis and plan treatment. The information from the article reveals that congestive heart failure presents in several ways. For instance, investigations on heart failure show that some patients may exhibit no limitation of physical activity; others may experience a slight limitation of physical activity while some witness a marked limitation of physical activity. Further, the article examines treatments that may be useful to patients before the results of diagnostic tests and how patients with congestive heart failure should be treated.

This source is useful as it provides information concerning the management of patients diagnosed with congestive heart failure. I will use the article to explain various classes of patients with heart failure and discuss the appropriate available treatment plans, as well as the management of such patients.

Albert, N. M. (2016). Care of Patients With Heart Failure: A systematic review of transitional-

Care strategies to reduce rehospitalization in patients with heart failure. Heart & Lung –

            The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 45100-113. doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2015.12.001

Nancy M. Albert is an associate chief nursing officer, Office of Nursing Research and Innovation, and a clinical nurse specialist, Kaufman Center for Heart Failure. She holds a PhD, CCNS, and CHFN. She is also a Registered General Nurse in Cleveland, Ohio.

The article, written by Nancy M Albert presents a review that is used to evaluate existing transition-of-care models and identify common themes that may minimize exacerbation and rehospitalization, and improve quality of life for patients with heart failure (HF). The article, presented by a doctor, reviews articles related to CHF to find trends for relevant information for CHF transition. The doctor used some of the same databases required for this assignment. Trends among multiple articles show team collaboration, organized information, medication education, medication compliance, and follow up care. The article shows that CHF education is somewhat standardized but also personalized to each patient’s needs. This source is useful for nurses to collaborate with care.

I will use the information presented in this article to incorporate care strategies for patients with heart failure in my research paper. The article had a wide selection of articles to gather information.  The information is useful and unbiased. The articles show how health care workers can provide information using evidence-based practice. This article explains the implementation of health care education.

Carelock, J., & Clark, A. (2001). CE Credit: Heart Failure: Pathophysiologic Mechanisms. The American Journal of Nursing, 101(12), 26-33. Retrieved March 21, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/3522876

Janis Carelock is a professional author of healthcare journals, an experienced researcher, and a lecturer who served for many years at the University of Texas. Angela P. Clark is a British author, columnist, and playwright who has written for Cosmopolitan, Daily Mail, The Guardian, The Independent, The Vagenda, and The Wharf. She has written several journals related to nursing and completed several research studies.

This source examines the pathophysiological mechanisms surrounding congestive heart failure in patients. According to the authors, heart failure is described as a pathophysiologic state in which the heart is either unable to pump enough blood at a rate sufficient to meet the metabolic needs of the body. When describing the heart failure, the authors state that failure occurs when the left ventricle can no longer pump enough blood to the systemic circulation. As a result of this condition, the cardiac output decreases, and pressure rises in the left ventricle, left atrium, and pulmonary vasculature. The article further explains the systolic heart and diastolic heart failure to enrich the content. The triggers of myocardial dysfunctions are also discussed in the article. Finally, the authors of this article provide information to explain the existing relationship between pathophysiology and pharmacology. It is urged that in order for treatment to be successful in delaying or modulating the pathophysiologic processes of heart failure, it is essential that patients adhere to the medication regimen.

I will use this source to explain the development and progressive stage of congestive heart failure in the patient. Information related to etiology and the pathophysiological process will be used to support the arguments in my paper regarding the causes of congestive heart failure, development, and treatment.