data collection for analysis to discover new treatment approaches

data collection for analysis to discover new treatment approaches

Abstract

Research methods are strategies and processes employed during the data collection for analysis to discover new treatment approaches and increase knowledge about the topic being investigated. The selected research topic is “Bone marrow Transplant, a cure for sickle celled anemia.” The study on health issues attracted interest due to the high prevalence observed within the global populations. Also, the investigation will focus on how effective bone marrow transplant is a potential solution for widespread cases of inherited red blood cell disorder-Sickle cell anemia. Taking cognizance study on bone marrow is a clinical investigation; it is worth noting that the research method ideal for the selected topic will require specific considerations to ensure the entire process generate accurate and reliable information.   

Introduction                                                        

In the last couple of years, the mortality of people for Sickle Cell disease increased. By definition, sickle cell disease is a hereditary disease in the blood cell in which the cells lack oxygen and have an abnormal shape. The abnormal shape of the red blood cell is a result of the hemoglobins, the red proteins responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood, becoming distorted. As a result, the affected red blood cell is not able to transport oxygen leading to clotting of the blood taking place in the blood veins. The abnormality of the red blood cells causes an adverse condition that affects nearly every tissue in the body. It is one of the human diseases known to cause significant morbidity. The disease is also known to result in a markedly to reduce life expectancy. The treatment of this disease is based mainly on genetic engineering through the use of chemotherapy. However, this method of treatment has not been effective since many complications, and side effects accompany it. It is in this sense that borne marrow transplant has been suggested as one of the best ways for treating this disease two decades ago.

Research Question:

1. How can the Bone Marrow Transplant cure a hereditary disease like Sickle Cell?
2. What are the side effects of the Bone Marrow Transplant and post-transplant in patients?
3. How can Bone Marrow Transplant modify the sickle-cell of the patients for new normal cells?

Hypothesis

H0:  kids and adults will not be dying if Borne Marrow Transplant is implemented.

H1: Kids and adults will be dying if the Bone Marrow Transplant is not implemented

Thesis Statement:

A Bone Marrow Transplant will save lives since it provides a total cure for sickle cell disease in kids and young adults.

Literature Review

In modern medicine, bone marrow transplant means a 90% survival rate for sickle cell patients. Although the survival rate is high, this treatment has many obstacles to become more universally able to apply. One of the major problems is the lack of donors (Thomas). Considering barriers for this treatment, the problem can be solved, and the only way for a curative approach is a bone marrow transplant (Ballas SK).

Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder that results in the formation of the sickle hemoglobin (Hb) in the red blood cell. The bone marrow transplantations provide the cures but are only possible for about 1% of the affected population that fills this criterion (Gore L). The abnormality shape of the red blood cells caused by the distorted hemoglobin (Hb), causes vascular occlusion.  Vascular occlusion is the first cause of complications that result in death for the patients. It is believed the bone marrow transplant provides a high rate of good life quality (Hebbel RP). The bone marrow transplant is having a good impact on patients and their families, stopping the high risk of mortality for a crisis and organ failure.

While conducting the effectiveness of bone marrow transplant for an adult with sickle cell disease, Krishnamurti, (et al., 2019) found that due to higher graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), the risk of death with the treatment for adults is high. In this sense, Krishnamurti, (et al., 2019) posits that this risk can be reduced by involving non-myeloablative preparation conducting bone marrow transplant. This, according to Devadasan et al., 2018), helps in establishing a stable donor-host hematopoietic chimerism after transplantation. This is essential in providing significant clinical benefits to adult patients.

References

Krishnamurti, L., Neuberg, D. S., Sullivan, K. M., Kamani, N. R., Abraham, A., Campigotto, F., … & Bakshi, N. (2019). Bone marrow transplantation for adolescents and young adults with sickle cell disease: Results of a prospective multicenter pilot study. American journal of hematology, 94(4), 446-454.

Devadasan, D., Sun, C. W., Westin, E. R., Wu, L. C., Pawlik, K. M., Townes, T. M., & Goldman, F. D. (2018). Bone Marrow Transplantation after Nonmyeloablative Treosulfan Conditioning Is Curative in a Murine Model of Sickle Cell Disease. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 24(8), 1554-1562.