Endangered Animals Annotated Bibliography

Endangered Animals Annotated Bibliography

Allan, J., Watson, J., Di Marco, M., O’Bryan, C., Possingham, H., Atkinson, S., & Venter,

3000158. (2019). Hotspots of human impact on threatened terrestrial vertebrates. PLOS Biology, 17(3), e3000158. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000158

Allan et al. argue the best way of conserving the endangered species is through the identification of places where they are mostly found and initiating strategies towards the protection objective. The scholars achieve this research by presenting a global analysis of the cumulated impact of human activities on the threatened species; particularly, population density, pasture lands, croplands, and electric infrastructures. In all the assessed species, the research established that almost one-quarter of the species are impacted, and at least seven percent of them face threats from human activities in their entire lifetime.

The information presented in this journal is of average quality, given that it directly illustrates the extent to which endangered species are distributed worldwide and areas where they are most susceptible. However, one shortcoming of this article is its inability to rely on primary data and instead chooses to provide a narrative that does not have a research backup, which is followed by an analysis of results. It can be argued that the information it presented is based on personal biasness, limited by resources, and does not also consider the complete world coverage and populations.

Allan et al. are critical to the thesis statement presented in this project because of the valuable insights it provides into the topic of how human activities are forcing some specie to extinction. More specifically, the journal provides readers with spatial data, which is argued to be accurate in uncovering the occupations and other human activities that contribute to the extension of the species. Finally, the journal is useful because of its characteristic of mapping the hotspots of cumulative social impacts that affect endangered plants and animals, which can also be of utmost importance to policymakers.

Ascensão, F., Niebuhr, B., Moraes, A., Alexandre, B., Assis, J., & Alves‐Eigenheer, M. et al.

(2019). End of the line for the golden lion tamarin? A single road threatens 30 years of conservation efforts. Conservation Science and Practice, 1(9). https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.89

In this article, the authors appreciate that there were positive efforts to preventing the extinction of the golden lion tamarin (GLT) monkey in the Atlantic Forests of Brazil and the surrounding habitats. However, human activities of constructing, and in this case, the road, have been seen to impede these efforts since it is revealed that the species has been affected by being forced out of their natural habitats. To conclude their study, the authors suggest that all stakeholders should implement and monitor other complimentary road passages so as to ensure the survival of GLT species.

The article presented above can be rated as of high quality because it supports its argument through research, presentation, and analysis of the findings and a recommendation of the various roads that can be taken to prevent the extinction of GLT monkey. Moreover, the article provides an analytical preview of how uninformed decision-making processes can hinder conservation efforts by urban planners, which can lead to the extinction of animals. In light of these claims, it can be argued that this can form a vital resource for wildlife and environmental protectionists.

Considering that my position paper aims to educate on various ways of preventing the extinction of species, this research provides a roadmap for accomplishing this task. More specifically, the study offers insights on how human activities such as oil extraction call for the expansion of roads to the sites, and in this process, they are clearing forests that are valuable habitats for these animals. Furthermore, the study claims that the construction of these highways isolates critical areas to the forest reserves, while also making these vulnerable for these animals to experience knocks on these roads.

Courchamp, F., Jaric, I., Albert, C., Meinard, Y., Ripple, W., & Chapron, G. (2018). The

Paradoxical extinction of the most charismatic animals. PLOS Biology, 16(4), e2003997. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2003997

The article by Courchamp et al. note that widespread efforts to conserve extinct animals disproportionately benefits those whom the authors call “charismatic species” because they are not considered in the efforts of environmentalists. The scholars list African lions, African elephants, savanna elephants, Asian elephants, giraffes, leopards, cheetahs, southern Beaufort Sea polar bears, and gorillas as falling under the category of the forgotten species by these efforts. Similarly, the authors state that the reason why these animals are charismatic is that marketers widely use them in various advertisement appeals to increase their product coverage.

Based on the arguments presented in this journal, it can be said that it is an insightful resource for researchers who wish to delve into the topic of conservation of wild animals and extinct species. However, it can also be argued that this piece lacks a through in-depth analysis and consideration of other animals, besides not providing mechanisms by which the world can respond to this problem of extinction. Again, the journal relies on empirical evidence of other researchers to back up its evidence; hence it may not be useful for providing firsthand accounts of a study.

The source mentioned above is essential to this research because it provides me with the real examples of animals that face the risk of extinction, which is vital in being specific about the animals which are widely affected. Also, the article sheds light on how public ignorance of the topic of extinction, which is also an aspect of my position paper, impedes the efforts of conservation of these rare animals. Lastly, this article fits into my research because it laments the need for increased conservation measures and communication-related to the preservation of these animals.

Drake, K., Bowen, L., Nussear, K., Esque, T., Berger, A., & Custer, N. et al. (2016).

Negative impacts of invasive plants on the conservation of sensitive desert wildlife. Ecosphere, 7(10), e01531. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1531

Drake et al. assert that resource extraction, disturbances as a result of energy developments and off-road vehicle uses are amongst the most significant threats desert systems worldwide. The biologists add that these trends have led to the establishment of non-native plants in the United States, causing forbs and native grasses to be intermixed with them. To ascertain their claims, the researchers fed tortoises with invasive plants and another one with the native ones. They established that the health of those which fed the invasive grass diets was declining, as opposed to the ones who relied on the native plants.

It can be said that this research article is a perfect resource that provides both qualitative and quantitative data on how extinct species are being affected by the invasion of plants that act as a source of food for them. Besides, the authors rely on various methodologies such as gene transcriptions, statistical, and physiological functions to ascertain the claims under the study. Therefore, this article is of high quality and should be considered by other researchers and can also help shape policies that can prevent these invasive plants from invading into the desert systems.

Given that my position paper also aims at providing ways of extinct species such as tortoises, this resource will be useful because of its quality of evidence. It will likewise be imperative for my study to rely on real researches that were conducted on the field, and also because it is crucial in providing examples of how to limit activities in a bid to save these species. Also, this study is vital because it is a recent one; unlike others despite being the latest, only rely on secondary data to prove their arguments.

Endangered Animals Annotated Bibliography

Allan, J., Watson, J., Di Marco, M., O’Bryan, C., Possingham, H., Atkinson, S., & Venter,

3000158. (2019). Hotspots of human impact on threatened terrestrial vertebrates. PLOS Biology, 17(3), e3000158. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000158

Allan et al. argue the best way of conserving the endangered species is through the identification of places where they are mostly found and initiating strategies towards the protection objective. The scholars achieve this research by presenting a global analysis of the cumulated impact of human activities on the threatened species; particularly, population density, pasture lands, croplands, and electric infrastructures. In all the assessed species, the research established that almost one-quarter of the species are impacted, and at least seven percent of them face threats from human activities in their entire lifetime.

The information presented in this journal is of average quality, given that it directly illustrates the extent to which endangered species are distributed worldwide and areas where they are most susceptible. However, one shortcoming of this article is its inability to rely on primary data and instead chooses to provide a narrative that does not have a research backup, which is followed by an analysis of results. It can be argued that the information it presented is based on personal biasness, limited by resources, and does not also consider the complete world coverage and populations.

Allan et al. are critical to the thesis statement presented in this project because of the valuable insights it provides into the topic of how human activities are forcing some specie to extinction. More specifically, the journal provides readers with spatial data, which is argued to be accurate in uncovering the occupations and other human activities that contribute to the extension of the species. Finally, the journal is useful because of its characteristic of mapping the hotspots of cumulative social impacts that affect endangered plants and animals, which can also be of utmost importance to policymakers.

Ascensão, F., Niebuhr, B., Moraes, A., Alexandre, B., Assis, J., & Alves‐Eigenheer, M. et al.

(2019). End of the line for the golden lion tamarin? A single road threatens 30 years of conservation efforts. Conservation Science and Practice, 1(9). https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.89

In this article, the authors appreciate that there were positive efforts to preventing the extinction of the golden lion tamarin (GLT) monkey in the Atlantic Forests of Brazil and the surrounding habitats. However, human activities of constructing, and in this case, the road, have been seen to impede these efforts since it is revealed that the species has been affected by being forced out of their natural habitats. To conclude their study, the authors suggest that all stakeholders should implement and monitor other complimentary road passages so as to ensure the survival of GLT species.

The article presented above can be rated as of high quality because it supports its argument through research, presentation, and analysis of the findings and a recommendation of the various roads that can be taken to prevent the extinction of GLT monkey. Moreover, the article provides an analytical preview of how uninformed decision-making processes can hinder conservation efforts by urban planners, which can lead to the extinction of animals. In light of these claims, it can be argued that this can form a vital resource for wildlife and environmental protectionists.

Considering that my position paper aims to educate on various ways of preventing the extinction of species, this research provides a roadmap for accomplishing this task. More specifically, the study offers insights on how human activities such as oil extraction call for the expansion of roads to the sites, and in this process, they are clearing forests that are valuable habitats for these animals. Furthermore, the study claims that the construction of these highways isolates critical areas to the forest reserves, while also making these vulnerable for these animals to experience knocks on these roads.

Courchamp, F., Jaric, I., Albert, C., Meinard, Y., Ripple, W., & Chapron, G. (2018). The

Paradoxical extinction of the most charismatic animals. PLOS Biology, 16(4), e2003997. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2003997

The article by Courchamp et al. note that widespread efforts to conserve extinct animals disproportionately benefits those whom the authors call “charismatic species” because they are not considered in the efforts of environmentalists. The scholars list African lions, African elephants, savanna elephants, Asian elephants, giraffes, leopards, cheetahs, southern Beaufort Sea polar bears, and gorillas as falling under the category of the forgotten species by these efforts. Similarly, the authors state that the reason why these animals are charismatic is that marketers widely use them in various advertisement appeals to increase their product coverage.

Based on the arguments presented in this journal, it can be said that it is an insightful resource for researchers who wish to delve into the topic of conservation of wild animals and extinct species. However, it can also be argued that this piece lacks a through in-depth analysis and consideration of other animals, besides not providing mechanisms by which the world can respond to this problem of extinction. Again, the journal relies on empirical evidence of other researchers to back up its evidence; hence it may not be useful for providing firsthand accounts of a study.

The source mentioned above is essential to this research because it provides me with the real examples of animals that face the risk of extinction, which is vital in being specific about the animals which are widely affected. Also, the article sheds light on how public ignorance of the topic of extinction, which is also an aspect of my position paper, impedes the efforts of conservation of these rare animals. Lastly, this article fits into my research because it laments the need for increased conservation measures and communication-related to the preservation of these animals.

Drake, K., Bowen, L., Nussear, K., Esque, T., Berger, A., & Custer, N. et al. (2016).

Negative impacts of invasive plants on the conservation of sensitive desert wildlife. Ecosphere, 7(10), e01531. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1531

Drake et al. assert that resource extraction, disturbances as a result of energy developments and off-road vehicle uses are amongst the most significant threats desert systems worldwide. The biologists add that these trends have led to the establishment of non-native plants in the United States, causing forbs and native grasses to be intermixed with them. To ascertain their claims, the researchers fed tortoises with invasive plants and another one with the native ones. They established that the health of those which fed the invasive grass diets was declining, as opposed to the ones who relied on the native plants.

It can be said that this research article is a perfect resource that provides both qualitative and quantitative data on how extinct species are being affected by the invasion of plants that act as a source of food for them. Besides, the authors rely on various methodologies such as gene transcriptions, statistical, and physiological functions to ascertain the claims under the study. Therefore, this article is of high quality and should be considered by other researchers and can also help shape policies that can prevent these invasive plants from invading into the desert systems.

Given that my position paper also aims at providing ways of extinct species such as tortoises, this resource will be useful because of its quality of evidence. It will likewise be imperative for my study to rely on real researches that were conducted on the field, and also because it is crucial in providing examples of how to limit activities in a bid to save these species. Also, this study is vital because it is a recent one; unlike others despite being the latest, only rely on secondary data to prove their arguments.