evidence and contemporary literature relating to the scholarly inquiry regarding ( mental health) ‘crisis is both a time of risk and of opportunity’
The purpose of this essay is to have you explore the evidence and contemporary literature relating to the scholarly inquiry regarding ( mental health) ‘crisis is both a time of risk and of opportunity’.
Nursing is a science that is premised on knowledge (theories, models, conceptual frameworks) skills (the practice application of actions & interventions based on best available evidence) & art ( attitudes,values, beliefs). This essay invites you to consider both risks and opportunities for people experiencing mental health crisis based on relevant nursing and health science knowledge that underpins actions and interventions we can incorporate to support recovery and personal meaning and development for the people we are working with. It can be argued that knowledge and skills must be underpinned by the attitudes and values that the profession commits to uphold as we serve the public.
So …….. Choose a theory or model that you are interested in that you think holds value for you in terms of your future practice.
- Explore the literature around the science and knowledge, critically examining the relevance to nursing in terms of theories and models that provide evidence with which to support people in crisis.
- From the theory or model you have examined, what are the skills that are required to successfully implement the interventions to successfully support the opportunities for the person?
- What are the central attitudes and values that are required of nurses that we commit to in terms of our professional obligations to people?[unique_solution]
Here are some ideas for possible areas of inquiry:
| KNOWLEDGE | SKILLS | ATTITUDES |
| Change theories: Trans theoretical model of behavior change
| MI
brief solution focused therapy
ACT
| Acceptance |
| Trauma informed care theory
| Talking therapies Mindfulness Facilitating least restrictive environments | Unconditional positive regard |
| Recovery models | Psychoeducation Social determinant interventions Interventions that reduce discrimination and promote inclusion / citizenship | Hope Belief Personal agency non judgmental |
| Interpersonal theories of nursing : Peplau; Horsefell & Sthulmiller 2014
| Interpersonal communication skills therapeutic use of self
| Unconditional positive regard |
| 6 C’s of nursing
| Emotional competence speaking up for safe practice
| Caring Compassion |
| Crisis models: Crisis task model
Safe wards.
| Positive risk taking Risk assessment Formulation Resilience building Identification of supports De escalation
|
Trust Least restrictive environments |
| Cultural models: Meihana; Te Whare Wapa Wha; Waves model, transcultural model, Treaty of Waitangi
| Cultural interventions
Hui process
Application of treaty
Rights based interventions
Whanau involvement | Commitment Self determination Tino rangatiratanga Partnership
Courage
Social justice
|
Structure example:
Intro paragraph ( doesn’t generally need referencing )
First line ( hook line) grab your reader’s attention …… why is this important and why should they keep reading?
Eg: In Aotearoa / New Zealand the rates of people experiencing mental health and addiction concerns is estimated to affect 50 – 80 % of people over their lifetimes ( MOH, 2018). With Maori 1.5 times more likely than non Maori to be affected (MOH, 2019).
Then your hypothesis. This is your argument that you will make using the literature to back up your position.
Eg: Nurses are well positioned to partner with people and whanau to support them through periods of crisis to safely find meaning, develop resilience and adaptive coping strategies to navigate the crisis as a time of opportunity with positive outcomes.
Then the topics are outlined as to how you will
(Knowledge): By utilising the Meihana model, nurses can provide culturally appropriate, and socially determined support and care for people finding pathways to wellness and recovery.
(Skills): The Hui process enables nurses to incorporate the skills of mihi mihi to appropriately establish initial engagement with people and their whanau. . Whakawhanaungatanga builds on the engagement to establish therapeutic relationships whereby a platform is created to work together in partnership. Kaupapa attends to the purpose of developing and strengthening ways of responding to the distress or crisis utilising the person’s strengths and supports. Supporting the person to find meaning in their situation and develop new ways of coping. Poroaki brings the engagement to a close as the person and their whanau meet their goals and no longer require service provision.
(Attitudes): Whilst the Meihana model provides a theoretical underpinning and the Hui process a set of skills to guide the relationship the nurse must have an attitude of unconditional positive regard and a belief in the person’s ability to recover and self determine their journey.
Paragraph 1: Definitions & context paragraph.
Topic paragraph 2 & 3 : The Meihana model. What it is and why it is relevant to nurses and the people of Aotearoa.
Topic paragraph 4 & 5 : How the skills in the Hui process can be implemented in nursing practice to support people navigate crisis and develop resilience.
Topic paragraph 6: Attitude of unconditional positive regard and value of honoring self determination and a belief in personal recovery.
Conclusion: Restates purpose of work and summarises based on what was promised in the intro.