Hazardous Materials Incident

Hazardous Materials Incident

Annotated Bibliography

Connelly N., Damhus T., Hartshorn R., & Hutton A. (2005) Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry IUPAC Recommendations 2005. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).

Connelly N., Damhus T., Hartshorn R., & Hutton, in their recommendations to the IUPAC state that Chemical nomenclature ought to showcase the community needs which use it. More specifically, the nomenclature has to be developed to explain new compounds; it has to undergo modification to solve ambiguities that may come up; and must be clarified where the confusion is seemingly evident as regards to how the nomenclature ought to be used. Nomenclature ought to be made as systematic and less complicated as possible to make it easier for the users who are not familiar with it, for instance, those who are new to chemistry or the non-chemic experts who have to handle chemicals at work. The staff at the workplace need to understand the nomenclature of the chemicals they are handling to ensure that they do not expose themselves to toxic chemicals and that they are safe in case of spillage.

The recommendations in this article will help in the safe handling of chemicals and understanding their organic and inorganic compositions as well as their nomenclature.

Funderburk G., McGowan D., & Stumph C. (2017) Weapons of Mass Destruction: Industrial Agents. LawTech Publishing Group

The authors state that industrial agents can be classified under two broad classifications, which potentially cause chemical pollution. These two categories are toxic industrial chemicals, which are those chemicals that are utilized in industrial processes and include ammonia, nitric acid, and hydrazine, among others. The other category is toxic industrial materials, which are fertilizers, pesticides, and petroleum chemicals whose effects are adverse only when used in excess. Not all chemicals are toxic. However, the great mare must be taken when handling them.  Hazardous chemicals have extensive health and physical effects on those working in the industries. The risks associated with industrial chemicals include skin infection, birth defects, cancer, chemical burns, allergy, and reproductive issues, among others. Exposure to toxic chemicals in an industrial setting comes in the form of gas, liquid, dust, and solid. Effective usage and maintenance of safety equipment are crucial in the case of toxic gas spillage.

This is important to this chapter as the authors, through this section, analyze the chemicals used in the industrial setting and their implications and also distinguishes the effects of the industrial chemicals.

Hartshorn R. & Yerin A. (2019) The Past, Present, And Future In The Nomenclature And Structure Representation Of Inorganic Compounds. Dalton Transactions. Retrieved from https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/dt/c9dt00352e

This assessment looks into the phases of compositional nomenclature as well as additive nomenclature, which is the basis for the formal description of inorganic compounds. The increasing significance of structural illustrations is matched with a decreasing usage of formal nomenclature. In developing nomenclature, several systems emerge for constructing chemical names whereby every system has its intrinsic logic and rules.  Other systems are widely applied where the practice has prompted the usage of specialized structures in certain chemistry areas. The presence of several unique nomenclature systems results in rationally constant alternative names for specific substances. There is consistent confusion when the morphology of one nomenclature system is erroneously used in place of another, resulting in names that are not reflective of any particular system. The authors in this article analyze the trends in the Nomenclature of the Inorganic Compounds.

This article is relevant to this assignment as it helps in evaluating the nomenclature of the organic compounds as well as their structural representation.

Rout, B. K., & Sikdar, B. K. (2017). Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Control Measures as an Effective Tool of Occupational Health Assessment of Hazardous Process in an Iron Ore Pelletizing Industry. Indian Journal Of Occupational And Environmental Medicine, 21(2), 56–76. doi:10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_19_16

Rout and Sikdar in their study aimed at identifying all the prospective hazards at diverse work areas in iron ore pelletizing industry to eliminate and control the dangers with those hazards that are very dangerous or have extreme threat potential to those that pose minimal risks in order to ensure that the workers are well protected from harm. The study carries out an occupational health hazard evaluation to compute the threat in accordance with the risk matrix and compares the risk level before and following the control measures. The threats with high ratings after the study were brought down to a Low as Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) level after application of the control measures and hence reduced the chances of getting injured while in the workplace.  Occupational Health and Safety program is very important, and the control of hazards in the workplace is critical.

This research article is essential in this assignment as it helps in evaluating the methods which are applicable in quantifying the hazard at an incident site.

Uslu A., Yankov D., Wasewar K., Azizian S., Ullah N., & Ahmad W. (2015) Separation of Organic and Inorganic Compounds for Specific Applications. Journal of Chemistry. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/698259.

This article presents the industrial applications of Organic and inorganic compounds in rubber, fuels, plastic, pharmaceutics, cosmetics, and agrichemicals industries. Biochemistry and biotechnology are all founded on organic compounds that play different roles in life processes. Many of the contemporary high-technology materials are made up of organic and inorganic compounds. Through different studies, the authors of this article present the importance of separating organic from inorganic compounds. The group one elements are classified under the alkali metals family. Alkali describes substances gotten from wood ashes, and that can neutralize acids and have a low melting point. Examples of alkaline metals are Sodium and potassium. They have ns1 valence electron configuration and are hence called electropositive elements. They easily react with water and produce flammable hydrogen gas, which ignites instantly and is very harmful to the skin. The other group is the Alkaline Earth Metals and is less reactive. They include oxides and dihalides (EX2) like beryllium, calcium, and radium and have ns2 valence electron configuration with an electronegativity of below 1.6. They are very flammable.

References

Connelly N., Damhus T., Hartshorn R., & Hutton A. (2005) Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry IUPAC Recommendations 2005. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).

Funderburk G., McGowan D., & Stumph C. (2017) Weapons of Mass Destruction: Industrial Agents. LawTech Publishing Group

Hartshorn R. & Yerin A. (2019) The Past, Present, And Future In The Nomenclature And Structure Representation Of Inorganic Compounds. Dalton Transactions. Retrieved from https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/dt/c9dt00352e

Rout, B. K., & Sikdar, B. K. (2017). Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Control Measures as an Effective Tool of Occupational Health Assessment of Hazardous Process in an Iron Ore Pelletizing Industry. Indian Journal Of Occupational And Environmental Medicine, 21(2), 56–76. doi:10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_19_16

Uslu A., Yankov D., Wasewar K., Azizian S., Ullah N., & Ahmad W. (2015) Separation of Organic and Inorganic Compounds for Specific Applications. Journal of Chemistry. Retrieved From https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/698259.