Origin of Specific

Origin of Specific

“Some of my critics have said, “Oh, he is a good observer, but has no power of reasoning.” I do not think that this can be true, for the Origin of Species is one long argument from the beginning to the end, and it has convinced not a few able men.” (Charles Darwin). According to this statement, evolution is founded on various variation hypothesis, which describes the variation of the same species that often result in the differences between multiple species. The theory of Darwin is usually based on the concept of variation. In organisms, variations are either within domesticated species and native species in the world. Natural selections have caused several traits such as shapes, colors, bodily organs, feathers, and fur to be perpetuated in the natural world with some species. Several variations do not randomly exist though they have proven to be essential in the survival of all species. For instance, the wings help in allowing birds to easily migrate from one environment to another, in case of harsh climate conditions and environmental disasters.

According to Darwin, variations are considered to be hereditary, thus serves their primary role in natural selection (Hindle,1964).  In this case, several traits are passed from parents to offspring; hence, some of the advantageous characteristics, which were possessed by the parents will be transferred to offspring. The natural selections are used in ensuring that the advantageous traits are used as a winning struggle. This will be through bearing more survival offspring that will carry the advantageous survival traits to future generations. Besides, no mechanism would have existed through which advantageous features would reappear in subsequent generations if some of the characteristics could not have been passed on from parents to offspring. Therefore, there could be no way in which the species could have diverged from one another through their unique traits.

Nonetheless, natural selection is further deemed to be a primary component of the theory of Darwin (Dupree, 1960).  It is used in explaining the relationship between the eventual of species evolution and the variation between various species. Darwin further claims that the limits of geography and natural resources are used as components of describing the infinite growth possibilities in enhancing the population sizes that will not allow an infinite number of species to survive.  However, a struggle for an existence environment would further result due to limited food, water, and shelter. In this case of species competitive environment, natural selection is used in deciding the species that will be extinct, and the ones that will survive. The advantageous organisms’ variations are further allowed to adapt to a specific environment better than other species, due to their hereditary variations. On the other hand, the species without genetic advantages will lose the struggle for existence and becomes extinct.

Moreover, a decent modification is a mechanism that occurs due to natural selection. In this scenario, organisms will continuously give birth to offspring, which will carry advantageous variations and those that will not inhibit the variations. The advantageous organisms’ will further be naturally selected due to their hereditary variations, thus diverging from the original species to own species. Also, a Continual modification and divergence are used in creating a branching scheme of evolution (DE QUEIROZ, 20111). In this case, new species continually branches off from old organisms. The specific branches of organisms assist biologists in identifying the point in which one species is related to one another and the original parents of a particular organism. The descent with modification is a system that is used in explaining the reasons that make many species seem similar. Several organisms may have evolved from one another, while some would have evolved from a common species of a parent.

Nevertheless, the domesticated variation in plants and animal species are used in explaining the origin of species. A domesticated diversity is used in displaying the essential elements in the evolution and origin of some species in the natural selection. The domesticated variation involves species mutability and the phyletic and origin relation of new diversity. It further describes the nature of the progressive adaptation and selection process. Conversely, the artificial selections of both plants and animals rely on the speciation under natural selection that might have taken place in various combinations of species. Darwin experimented with the domestic variation with pigeons, which he further used in demonstrating the speciation processes among the domestic species.

Additionally, the origin of humanity is not explicitly elaborated in the theory of evolution. Several points are hinted out on the way human beings evolved the same way animals evolved. This is through the comparison of a particular bone structure of different organisms (Loye, 2002). For instance, the wings of a bat and the porpoise paddle arms are somehow connected to the human arm and hand structure. In this case, it further implies that all humans are considered a part of a similar evolution scheme, which created both porpoises and bats.

Nonetheless, geographical isolation is used in providing an understanding of how natural selection is used in producing new species. A divergent development occurs during the separation of species from one another. A wider distribution of species is experienced in continents buy which migration is deemed to happen quickly. However, a smaller allocation of species often transpires in geographic isolation. In this case, the unique islands’ species are often related to the nearest inland continent. These factors offered evidence to Darwin regarding the various ways in which the isolation and the geographical distribution has dramatically impacted the natural selection processes and the new species development.

Moreover, according to Darwin, every existing species in the world could have descended from a primary form, which might have originated from diverse parts of the world (MURRAY & DARWIN, 1859).  Different variations of species were perpetuated due to the geographical isolation of various organisms in various parts of the world. The isolated island species were easily spread during the migration of birds. The birds could carry several species of plants and seeds to various places, using their feet, stomachs, and beak. In this case, the geographical led to a proliferation of species in new areas, and the divergence of other species led to the increase of new organisms in a new population.

In conclusion, the origin of species is reflected in diverse ways in Darwin’s theory of evolution. Some passed traits from the parents often cause variation in organisms to the offspring. The hereditary characteristics help many species adapt to their environment. However, natural selection assists advantageous organisms in adapting and surviving in their environment. Eventually, natural selection further brings to extinction some species, which do not have some competitive advantages within the surroundings.

References

DE QUEIROZ, K. (2011). Branches in the lines of descent: Charles Darwin and the evolution of the species concept. Biological Journal Of The Linnean Society, 103(1), 19-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01634.x

Dupree, A. (1960). Darwin. Wallace. and the Theory of Natural Selection. Bert James LowenbergCharles Darwin: Evolution and Natural Selection. Charles Darwin , Bert James Loewenberg. Isis, 51(2), 216-217. doi: 10.1086/348883

Hindle, E., & de Beer, G. (1964). Charles Darwin: Evolution by Natural Selection. The Geographical Journal, 130(1), 161. doi: 10.2307/1794329

Loye, D. (2002). Darwin and the Fully Human Theory of Evolution. World Futures, 58(2-3), 127-136. doi: 10.1080/02604020210681

MURRAY, J., & DARWIN, C. (1859). ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION, OR THE PRESERVATION OF FAVOURED RACES IN THE STRUGGLE FOR LIFE. [Ebook]. LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET, AND CHARING CROSS. [page v]. Retrieved from http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F373&viewtype=text&pageseq=1