Photography

Photography

Unit 2 Discussion: Part 1

Why is exposure in photography a subjective decision?

Exposure refers to the amount of light allowed to enter the camera when taking a picture. Exposure is determined by the amount of light allowed to enter the camera when taking a picture. Letting a lot of light into the camera results in a bright image, whereas allowing low camera lighting results in a dark photo (Rentschler 1959). It is, therefore, the choice of the photographer to decide whether the picture should be bright or dark. This choice may vary from one photographer to another; hence, subjective.

How do decisions about aperture and shutter speed influence the photograph?

Aperture and shutter come in handy in photography during controlling exposure. Fast shutter speed will ensure the camera captures slight movements of the objects in the picture. Similarly, the photographer may prefer a more prolonged exposure. Such decisions tend to influence the quality of the photograph in the sense that they transmit the message that the photographer intends to convey.

Unit 2 Discussion: Part 2

If you were to take a photograph at night, what photo would you choose? Why?

If I were to take a photograph at night, a busy highway or street would make an excellent subject. Taillights and streaking headlights from passing vehicles provide a captivating coloring. The photograph can also relate a message about the traffic menace in significant cities. It emphasizes the need for planning major cities to reduce possible overcrowding in the streets. The moving vehicle appears as a ribbon of light with a variety of color temperatures from street lights.

What consideration would you have to make in terms the shutter speed and aperture?

Night photographs usually are sensitive and hence requires proper setting to avoid poor results in entirely black images. During the taking of the photograph, I will consider a shutter speed of 1/100^th second to freeze the motion of the moving cars. Longer shutter speed is suitable for moving subjects. I will also find a mid-range aperture of F/8 to ensure accommodation for the long shutter speed. The combination of the two, 1/100^th-second shutter speed and F/8 aperture will result in a clear and captivating picture.

What challenges might the scene present? (Moving objects and artificial lighting)

The main challenge that seems likely to be experienced in this particular photo is the problem of moving objects. This is brought about by the continuous motion of vehicles in the street or highway. Even slight movement during photography causes hazy and unclear photographs. Artificial lighting may also be a challenge in this photograph. Artificial light may result from streetlights or headlights from passing vehicles. Finding the best location to take a shot can also be problematic.

Unit 3 Discussion: Part 1

Which guidelines do you think your photographs would most benefit from? Why?

The first guideline that a photographer should put into consideration is The Rule of Thirds. This rule entails subdividing the scene captured in the photograph into a three by three grid with the subject situated in one-third of the frame or on the line instead of the center. This guideline enhances emphasis on the subject plus the environment they are in.

Another essential guideline is the reduced clutter. This will enhance the scene by focusing more attention on the primary subject than the background environment.

Lastly is the use of contrasting colors. Applying this technique involves using pairs of colors such as dark against light colors or vibrant against muted colors. It ensures that the primary subjects in a photograph stand out from the other subjects.

Describe an example of a photograph that you took which would be better if you had followed one of the guidelines?

I took a photograph of my house’s living room. In the picture a chandelier is visible hanging from the ceiling, a brown coffee table and brown sofas are also captured in the photograph. The concept of contrasting colors is missing in this photograph. The photograph would have been better if I applied the idea of the contrasting color. Contrasting color as a guideline enables a photograph to have a mix and match color of cold and warm tones in an almost balancing proportions.

Unit 3 Discussion: Part 2

Why do you think midlines are essential in taking good photographs?

Midlines in photography are vital since it ensures the primary subject in the photograph is centrally placed; hence, draws the eyes of the viewer towards it. The central placement of the subject makes the subject the primary object of focus for viewers. Photographs fail to relate the intended message when the fundamental question is situated at the periphery of the photograph. Midlines are, therefore, crucial guidelines to follow in photography.

What benefits do the photographers get from these guidelines?

Guidelines are essential in photography composition. They help the photographer to acquire a higher understanding of the necessary ingredients that will make a photo compelling apart from the ordinary.  Contrasting color ensures that the primary subjects in a photograph stand out from the other subjects. The rule of thirds guideline enhances emphasis on not only the subject but their surrounding environment. It eliminates the obvious by situating the subject away from the center hence creating a broader view.

Unit 4 Discussion: Part 1

Do you prefer to take a photograph using natural of artificial light? Why?

I prefer artificial light. Since artificial light is from artificial sources, it can easily be manipulated to suit the prevailing conditions during photography (Child 8). It is impossible to manage natural lighting and is only available during the day or full moon nights. Examples of sources of artificial light include lamps, hand lamps studio flash and camera pop up flash. Artificial light enables the photographer to capture topics that would otherwise be impossible with natural light.

What advantages and disadvantages are there in photography with each type of lighting?

Advantages of Artificial Lighting

1. It is available at any time of the day.
2. It allows for replication of any light be it sunlight or moonlight.
3. Artificial light can be regulated or control to suit photography.

Disadvantage of artificial light

1. It is time-consuming requires more gear which takes time to set.
2. The photo may need more than one source to balance out the image.

Advantage of natural light

1. Natural lighting is abundant, therefore free of charge.
2. It is cheaper compared to artificial light since it does not require lighting equipment.
3. Helps beginners to understand the various concepts of photography its relation to light.

Disadvantage of natural light

1. Natural light varies according to time of the day, location and weather.
2. It is hard to balance since it cannot be controlled.
3. May require the use of additional equipment such as diffusers and reflectors to balance the effect of contrast.

Unit 4 Discussion: Part 2

What is your favorite time of the day to take photographs? Why?

Hours of sunset and sunrise are the favorite times of the day to take photographs since the quality of photos is best at these times. Sunset and sunrise usually produce medium contrast which is best for photography. Photograph taken at these times of the day are also clear and sound due to the warm color that comes with sun rays. Sunsets and sunrise are endowed with light so warm and skies glowing beautifully. Photographs during these periods are known to be attractive and appealing.

What is the lighting like at this time?

The light during sunrise and sunset provides medium-contrast and warm colors, all of which are optimum for a good photograph. Photos taken at sunsets and sunrise are clear and sound due to the warm tone that comes with sun rays. The sky during these times glows beautifully with an attractive golden color coming from the sun rays. Early mornings and late evening usually are not the busiest times of the day; hence, there are fewer people implying minimal disturbances.

Describe a photograph that you have taken at this time of the day. How does the lighting impact the photograph?

I took a landscape photograph of my estate in the evening just before sunset. The photo is clear with evident energy resulting from the warm color of sun rays and low contrast. The photo shows the houses and driveways along the street. There are also children playing on the background with the postman delivering mail. The photo is filled with warm color emanating from the rays o the evening sun.

Midterm discussion

How’s it going in class? (One paragraph)

The photography course has been exciting. The lessons have been interactive with the teacher and the students being involved in active discussions that are educative. The course is also practical; hence, foster a better understanding of matters regarding photography in class and also outside class.

Unit 5 Part 1 Discussion: Part 1

“Emotions are always much easy to portray with black and white, because of the stark contrast and the sharp focus on the subjects.”

Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Why?

I agree. The softness of the white color, the heave affiliation of black and restrained greyish tone makes the viewer focus sharply on the primary target because of lack of natural color. In black and white photographs, there are no colors hence no hue distracting the viewer. Although currently not popular black and while playing a significant role in capturing and conveying the messages of photographers. Black and white paved way to the today color photographs.

Unit 5 Part 1 Discussion: Part 2

“To see in color is the delight of the eye but to see in black and white is the delight of the soul.”

What do you think Andri Cauldwell meant by this?

Andri implies that black and white photographs due to their sharp focus on the subject. They carry an internal analysis of a subject compared to the color photograph that is more focused on the appearance. Black and white tend to inflict the inner emotions other than just the outward appearance. In black and white photos, shadows appear deeper, allowing highlights to pop out stronger than in color photos. The photograph is reduced to its bare essentials; hence, the theme conveyed by the photographer can hold up well.

How are those photographs taken in black white different than those taken in color?

Photographs taken in black and white reveal the subjects as a complexion or combination of black color and white. Pictures in color paint the subject in all color combination as it appears in reality. Black and white photographs are timeless compared to color photographs since color schemes sometimes suggest a particular error. Black and white pictures tend to distance the subject matter away from reality, unlike color photos that speak strongly of truth.

Unit 5 Part 2 Discussion: Part 1

“A good portrait is incredibly hard to create; there is too much temptation to pander to the individual rather than portray them as they were”

What does he mean by this?

Many photographers are biased in the sense that they only would like to pass a specific message of their wish rather than the reality. The message that the photographer needs to pass is subject to their own decision and not anyone else’s. Long Focal Lengths entail narrow aperture with longer shutter resulting in blurry photographs. In such photos, the photographers are tempted to exaggerate the appearance of the subject. It, therefore, makes it hard to create an image that reflects reality.

Should the photographers take into consideration how the subject of the photograph wants to been seen? Why or why not?

Yes. The photographer should consider how the subject wants to appear in the photograph since photography should respect all the rights and the will of the subject. It the free will of the subject to decide how they what to appear in a photo and the photographer has no option than to obey this will. The personal preference of a photographer defines the appearance of the image taken. The level of excitement of the photographer defines what photograph should be and how to make it.

Unit 5 Part 2 Discussion: Part 2

Why might the portrait be both a portrait of the subject and the photographer?

A good portrait is a result of the position of not only the subject but also the photographer. A photo is a representation of the subject and the photographer’s creative vision. Therefore two images even taken at the same time, by same camera settings will be identical in appearance. Factors such as lighting and creativity of the photographer will influence the appearance of the portrait. A good portrait is as a result of a good photographer and positioning of the subject.

How is a photographer present in a portrait?

The photographer should be actively involved in the portrait to ensure a quality picture. The photographer can achieve this by including themselves in photograph taking. Photographers must analyses what subject and how to take a shot of a subject hence making them part of the portrait. Every portrait can be traced back to the photographer who took it. The appearance of the photo itself feels the presence of the photographer in a picture, beautiful photo means a skilled photographer.

Unit 6 Discussion: Part 1

“A good photograph is knowing where to stand.”

What does he mean by this?

The statement means that quality photographing requires a strategic positioning of not only the subject but also the photography. A factor like contrast during a bright day is a problem, and the photographer should, therefore, move to find a better location that reduces the contrast. For example, photos taken facing sunsets are generally beautiful and full of warmness. High ground is also preferable when taking landscape photographs.

How does this apply to landscape photography?

Landscape photographs of subjects such as cities are better taken from a plane to result as aerial. This will provide a comprehensive view of the building without favoring only the taller buildings at the expense of the small ones. Photographs of people are better when taken from the ground. It is also essential to consider the position of the subject against the background since backgrounds are just as important as the subject. The task of a photographer in landscape photos is to create a pleasing picture of the scene.

Do you agree or disagree with him? Why?

Yes, I agree. Factors such as lighting, contrasts and lenses in photography may vary with the position of the photographer. The photographer may also change position to seek a clean background. The photographer should be careful not to hide away essential elements that may be behind the subject. Subjects stand out best whenever the photographer finds an excellent position for p0hotography.

Unit 6 Discussion: Part 2

If you would take a landscape photograph of any place in the world which one would you choose? Why?

Eifel tower, because this is a renowned landmark and one of the most prominent tourist attraction. The structure is one of the iconic in France and signifies the pride and unity of the French people. Settling at the heart of Paris, one can take photographs of many other parts of the city from the tower. Paris is a fascinating city that despite age, remains in its non-changing beautiful historic state. Eifel tower is a unique world icon that never gets old.

Describe the scene and discuss how the decisions you make about the landscape (prospective, foreground, time of the day, etc.) would affect the photograph.

Being a super tall landmark, a photograph from the tower captures the city of Paris. The high ground of the tower will ensure a full-frame to capture. The tower is also characterized by many people, mostly tourists from all over the world. Capturing this is also essential as it serves as a reflection of the diversity of the world. Settling at the heart of Paris, one can take photographs of many other parts of the city from the tower.

Unit 7 Discussion: Part 1

“If you want a close-up view you should move if it is possible. The trouble is that so many photographers seem afraid to close in.”

How can moving close to the subject change and improve the photograph?

Moving closer or further from the subject during photography helps the photographer locate the focal point that gives a sharp focus of the subject. The focal point is the point where the subject of the photograph appears brighter. It usually is a point between the photographer and the subject. The photographers need to move inner or outer to locate this point. When the photographer moves close to the question, it results in photographs with standout subjects.

Why do you think many photographers use their lenses to get closer rather than moving closer to the subject?

It is tedious and difficult to move back and forth, looking for the focal point of the subject. Adjusting the lenses does away with the problem of movement. With the help of lenses, the photographer can be adjusted

(zoom in or zoom out) to locate the focal point with minimal movement required. Lenses help the photographer capture sharp photos with plenty of detail and contrast. The photographer can achieve the size of the angle of view through the lenses.

Unit 7 Discussion: Part 2

What are five different items in your environment (room, classroom, backyard, etc.) that would make a pleasing macro-environment?

Items such as leaves and grass, sunset, trees, insects and birds in the sky make a pleasing macro environment in photography. Grass and leaves of trees provide the best and the most available macro-environment items. Insects can be one of the most rewarding macro photography subject or background. Birds flying is also another essential macro photography item as both subjects or at the background.

Describe what particular aspect of the item that you would focus on in the photograph. Why would the item make a good macro photograph?

Birds flying in the air can be captured in a landscape photograph. It serves as an important feature representing life. It may also be a symbol of happiness and freedom. Nature is known as the fascinating thing that attracts the people and their surroundings; a photo of fly birds is an example. For bird lovers, birds flying in the sky can be the most rewarding macro photography subjects.

Unit 8 Discussion: Part 1

“A documentary photograph is not a factual photograph per se. It is a photograph that carries the full meanings of the episode”.

What did she mean by this?

Different from other forms of photography, a viewer can have the full implicit meaning of a documentary photograph just at a glance. Documentary photographs pass information. Information may be diverse, ranging from environment and pollution, war and violence or even famine. Only by taking a look at such a picture, a viewer may have a notion of the message being passed. Photographs of events such as war are a constant reminder of the evils and suffering that comes with warring.

Can photographs portray a more significant meaning that what it is present in the picture itself? Why or why not?

Yes. A photograph can carry more than one meaning. This is, however, dependent on the interpretation of the viewer. A photo on environment and pollution, for instance, can relay a message on the dangers of emitting carbon to the atmosphere or can represent industrialization as a development. Photographs taken of war reflect not only suffering but also the cruelty of war.

Unit 8 Discussion: Part 2

Can the documentary photographs focus on the positive as well as the negative?

Documentary photographs can also focus on positive things such as agriculture, tourism or wildlife. Photographs on the landscape such as mountains and forests, depict great appreciation and pride for our natural resources. Captivating photos of beautiful sceneries capture attention and can ignite an excellent feeling to the viewers. Tourist travel agencies use documentary photographs of wildlife to advertise their business and attract clients.

Will it have the same power or emotion? Why or why not?

Yes. Positive documentary photographs also carry power and emotions. Depending on the appearance of the subject in the picture, a viewer can deduce different messages which might likely be positive. Photographs are known to reflect the excitement of not only the subject but also the photographer. The mood in the photograph transcends to the viewer through interpretation.

Final Exam discussion (at least two paragraphs)

The format of the course flows starting from introduction of photography to advanced photography. The course is split into units, topics and discussion which facilitate easy learning for the student. The content is also interesting and easy for the student to grasp. The practical nature of the material enables the student to master the various concepts that make up photography.

The method of assessment for the course is fair and on point. There are discussion questions at the end of each unit to ensure the student’s ability is boosted through comprehension.  Photography itself as a course is broad and can span from art to a profession. Many people have gotten a career out of photography.

References

Child, John. Studio photography: essential skills. London: Routledge, 2013.

Rentschler, Karl F. “Shutter for a photographic camera.” U.S. Patent No. 2,887,027. 19 May

1959.