Population and Economy

Population and Economy

Mental health is one of the factors affecting the community, especially in urban areas where the population is crowded. The population affected by mental health is prone to facing the poor quality of life, challenges in advancing in education, becoming less productive in the society and being stricken  by poverty and social issues.Individuals are affected by the illness at early stages of their life hence being hindered from successfully undertaking a career. Mental disorders lead to a person being less productive in their place of work forcing their employers to fire such employees hence reducing their annual salary. Reduction in payment and lower chances of employment opportunities place the population affected by mental disorders at a higher risk of becoming poor. A risk factor for mental disease is poverty, mental illness elevates the risk of such a population remaining in poverty. This may also result into many people becoming homeless.

Racism is a practice that many countries are trying to get rid of, but in some countries it is also encouraged without the consent of the ruling government. Most black Americans and Africans in western countries will be found in areas that they are likely to get equal job opportunities as the whites without harsh economic policies directed to discriminate them from getting such employment. The population of an area is affected by racism when it affects the kind of education children of black American’s receive. It has often been noted that children belonging to black American’s receive education that deprives them of acquiring skills and greater chances being appointed in higher ranks. Racism discriminates black Americans making them have difficulties in escaping poverty or create employment in the areas they live.

The system set makes it more likely for whites to spend less in their daily spending activities than blacks. This is done by increasing taxes in the areas of stay and also in the permits they require to be approved for work. The laws enforced during crimes are often seen to be biased, where black Americans face poor judgement during court rulings and as a result face increased bails and higher criminal charges . This makes people who are black Americans limit themselves to staying in certain areas while avoiding areas where policies do not favor them.

In recent years it has been found that the rates of child birth has increased as well as the rates of child mortality. Child mortality is brought about by numerous factors which include infection, disorders during a child’s growth, complication during the birth process and diseases like malaria. Increase of such adversities in particular areas will lead to a population decrease as the population evaluates the possibilities of its growth through child birth.

Public health is crucial in determining the factors affecting population in a certain area. The government must have a good system that ensures health care is delivered on time and it covers all persons in the area. The government should also invest in its health care products to ensure that the population in a certain area is covered. In populations where rates of illnesses reported is low, the population is seen to grow. The risk of not having good health care services is that there will be epidermics now and then affecting the population efficiency. Many people die each day due to lack of proper health care and bills in hospitals increase leading to chaos in a population (Chin).

People living in America with disabilties have multiple needs in the health care system which they find it very difficult to access. In the year 2003 a survey of 1,505 was done on people who were not extremely aged and had disabilities. Many of this individuals complained that they could not obtain the health care needs they required due to their expensive nature which they could not afford  making them face discrimination and oppresion.

People with disabilities are discriminated on the basis of mental disability or their physical appearance. A hotel will accept a family carrying a child with cerebral palsy to eat in their open air section and the child is prevented from enjoying his or her food inside the building. The members of the family are not presented with the same opportunities as other families located in the building. An indirect way of discriminating people with disabilities in reading is when the local administration produces posters that inform people of its services but since it wants to use less funds it uses language that is not easy for many to understand when reading, making it more difficult for people who have difficulties in reading be left out in such projects. This affect the people living in the area as they are not able to utilize such opportunities when they are seeking for free medications which are not offered oftenly by the local authorities but are necessary for improving their health. In recreation facilities, families with children with disabilities are disadvantaged as they are restricted from moving there kids to other parts of the facility. Some facilities also lack pavements to ease the movement of people using wheelchairs (Hanson et al.) .

Some of the oppresions people face in today’s modern world include racial oppression, class oppression, gender oppression and oppression of ones sexuality. Oppression on the basis of gender is done through the social cultural believes of the people. Some of the cultures believe that females and males belong to different sex and that males should dorminate the female society. Many societies have divided the types of work to be carried out by either males or females. Women have been allocated the duty of taking care of children and all house hold chores. Some of the careers such as engineering is believed to be done only by the male gender living out women who would like to pursue a career related to engineering. Oppression in the field of career and employment is clearly seen when  women are denyed opportunities to work as mechanics, and this causes many women to lack employment in their area of expertise.

People can be oppressed in their sexuality. People who do not follow the ways of the society are condemned and seen to be odd . The society assumes that everyone should be attracted to the opposite sex. People who are found to go against the norms of the society are shut out, persecuted and may even be victims of violence inflicted on them by the society. People who are found not to be heterosexual find it difficult to fit in the society since the society disregards their presence.

During other times people find mistreatments due to difference in religious beliefs. When a mass of people is found to follow a  religion which is known to be less powerful, they can be subject to oppression as their complains will not be heard by the dorminant religion. Violence is a practice commonly done to religions that have little power. In some countries the muslim religion finds it difficult to establish themselves as they are seen as a threat to security in the country. People  practicing the muslim culture can find it difficult to obtain visa or employment in some countries.

There are various causes of economic disperity such as availability of employment, education, technology and gender. The labor market can adversely affect the economy. The skills a person has determines the salary he or she will get (Berman et al.). The demand of the product being produced together with the supply in the market will determine the value of a skill which also affects the salary. If the number of people having a particular set of skills is larger than the demand required by the employers the economic disperity increases but when there is little supply of a skill but an increase in demand for the skill by the employers, economic disparity reduces hence if many people have specialized in a certain skill but there is little demand for it, the people will face unemployment.

There are different levels of education and each person earns different salaries. This is because the different levels provide an individual with different set of skills. An individual with higher standards of education will acquire complex skills which will not be the case for many applicants looking for job opportunities. A person with advanced skills will attract a higher salary. The effects of education on the economy are mainly seen in countries that have already developed.  A population with lack of advanced  skills obtained through education will encounter increased competition in the job market and lack of employment leading to increased rates of poverty.

In today’s world a factor that is growing at rapid rates is technology. Technology without doubt has made many people lose their jobs since companies are now automating their manufacturing processes so as to make them more efficient in production and to produce increased quantities of the product. For a population without adequate skills that are required, this comes as disadvantage to them and their families as jobs that carried out repetitive activities have been automated. A population with advanced skills have not been eliminated from the process of unemployment as the growth in the use of artificial intelligence is increasingly being adopted to carry out jobs requiring intense knowledge. This means that a population with or without skills will have to shift to areas where technology has not been fully intergrated and which results to cases of divorces.

In most countries different genders are paid different wages for the same amount of skills provided. Men have an advantage as they get paid more money annually than women. Although this is the case, women are found to earn more salary than men when it comes to doing part time jobs. Also in a group of people who do not have children or do not marry, women are found to make more salaries than men on average. This negatively affects a population largely populated by women who are single parents and have more than one child to take care of as they are required to work for extra hours and some denying there responsiblities as parents  such as creating a bond with their children in order to provide for the basic needs of the family.

Disconected youths are individuals found in the age bracket of between 16-24 and are neither employed nor in school studying (Mendelson et al.). Such youth lack social connections with others resulting to difficulties in finding helping when searching for employment. This makes them a target for negative results as grow to become adults. Youths become disconnected as a result of negligence of their parents in educating them and also how the society treats them. An survey done found that most disconnected youths were black Americans. The risk factors of being a disconnected youth include one being discrimination from the society, youths lacking employment opportunities, lack of proper education leading to one facing poverty (Jenkins et al.).

References

Berman, Yonatan et al. “The Dynamics Of Wealth Inequality And The Effect Of Income Distribution”. PLOS ONE, vol 11, no. 4, 2016, p. e0154196. Public Library Of Science (Plos), doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154196. Accessed 15 Mar 2020.

Chin, Marshall H. “Populations At Risk”. Journal Of General Internal Medicine, vol 20, no. 5, 2005, pp. 448-449. Springer Science And Business Media LLC, doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.41010.x. Accessed 15 Mar 2020.

Hanson, Kristina W. et al. “Uncovering The Health Challenges Facing People With Disabilities: The Role Of Health Insurance”. Health Affairs, vol 22, no. Suppl1, 2003, pp. W3-552-W3-565. Health Affairs (Project Hope), doi:10.1377/hlthaff.w3.552. Accessed 15 Mar 2020.

Jenkins, Emily K. et al. “Divided And Disconnected — An Examination Of Youths’ Experiences With Emotional Distress Within The Context Of Their Everyday Lives”. Health & Place, vol 35, 2015, pp. 105-112. Elsevier BV, doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.08.006. Accessed 15 Mar 2020.

Mendelson, Tamar et al. “Opportunity Youth: Insights And Opportunities For A Public Health Approach To Reengage Disconnected Teenagers And Young Adults”. Public Health Reports, vol 133, no. 1_suppl, 2018, pp. 54S-64S. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/0033354918799344. Accessed 15 Mar 2020.