Re: Question-8:1: ALL Posts and Replies HERE, Please (Thanks)

Re: Question-8:1: ALL Posts and Replies HERE, Please (Thanks)

by Sara Huisman – Tuesday, March 10, 2020, 1:44 PM

There are many health behaviors that the population exhibits which can be destructive to their wellbeing. One behavior that sticks out to me is leading a sedentary lifestyle. Lack of physical exercise can contribute to many chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes (Jonas & Kovner, 2018). These are often life-limiting and sadly, preventable. If I were to create an intervention to contribute to the resolution of this issue, I would start with education.

This habit generally starts at a young age. If I had the opportunity to structure a school day around being active and moving during learning, I think children may develop a new way of thinking. One article states that early behaviors, as well as educational performance, contribute to obesity and other chronic conditions (Brophy et al., 2009). Teaching our children educational basics does not need to occur while sitting at a desk. Many times, children learn best by physically interacting with the topics they are learning and conversation with their peers.

As for provider-related intervention, tobacco cessation is discussed frequently, but providers are often not as quick to pressure patients into changing this behavior. The risks of smoking tobacco are far reaching and can be detrimental to a persons health. This habit can contribute to chronic conditions such as coronary artery disease, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. An initiative that I would be interested in starting would be a stop point for anyone endorsing tobacco use. This would involve “in the moment” teaching, a starter kit for smoking cessation, and information on how to be successful. Historically, providers in low socio-economic areas are less likely to press the issue of smoking cessation, leading to lower incidence of patients quitting the habit (Houston et al., 2015). Overall, if we stop them in the moment and provide valuable education that meets them where they are, the chances of more patients adhering to a cessation program could be dramatically increased.

References

Brophy, S., Cooksey, R., Gravenor, M. B., Mistry, R., Thomas, N., Lyons, R. A., & Williams, R.

(2009). Risk factors for childhood obesity at age 5: Analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study. BMC Public Health, 9(1), 467–473. https://doi-org.americansentinel.idm.oclc.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-467

Houston, T. K., Scarinci, I. C., Person, S. D., & Greene, P. G. (2015). Patient smoking cessation

advice by health care providers: The role of ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and health. American Journal of Public Health, 95(6), 1056-61. Retrieved from http://americansentinel.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.americansentinel.idm.oclc.org/docview/215085271?accountid=169658

Jonas, S., Kovner, A. R., & Knickman, J. (2018). Jonas & Kovners health care delivery in the

United States. New York: Springer Pub. Co.

 

Response

Hi Sara, the WHO argues that sedentary lifestyles and physical inactivity cause approximately 2 million deaths annually in the world. Besides, the sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity are among the ten leading causes of death globally. According to González et al. (2017), physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles double the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, myocardial infarction, and ischemic heart disease. Also, it increases by 50% the risk for diabetes mellitus type II, obesity, osteoporosis, some types of cancers including colon cancer, and mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Therefore, as healthcare workers, we should play a role in giving education to our clients on the dangers of living a physically inactive life, or cigarette smoking, which is also linked to detrimental health. Health education should be the prime role of every healthcare worker to realize primary care, which encompasses disease prevention and health promotion (Lavie et al., 2018). As nurses, we spent a significant amount of time with patients who are often involved in acts, including smoking, and we should act as case managers, where we do not just give health messages, but make sure our clients adhere to interventions we educate them about.

References

González, K., Fuentes, J., & Márquez, J. L. (2017). Physical inactivity, sedentary behavior and chronic diseases. Korean journal of family medicine, 38(3), 111.

Lavie, C. J., Laddu, D., Arena, R., Ortega, F. B., Alpert, M. A., & Kushner, R. F. (2018). Reprint of: healthy weight and obesity prevention: JACC health promotion series. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 72(23), 3027-3052.

 

 

 

Re: Question-8:1: ALL Posts and Replies HERE, Please (Thanks)

by Loveline Samba – Tuesday, March 10, 2020, 10:23 PM

Behavior-related and provider-related interventions
Behaviour-related interventions are interventions intended to influence the actions that people take regarding their health, and patient behaviour is considered the key and the goal is to change it. The behaviour change interventions are focused on addressing the contributory factors of chronic illnesses such as unhealthy diets, alcohol and smoking, and sedentary lifestyles (Davis, Campbell, Hildon, Hobbs, & Michie, 2015). Behaviour related interventions are administered at three levels: individual, community and national level interventions.
I would choose national interventions that involve the government and private organizations collaborating in conveying health information to the general population to encourage behaviour change. The behaviour intervention includes educational programs whereby people are taught on the risk of health behaviours and associated disease and also the importance of quitting. The interventions used include mass media, national campaigns, instilling rules and regulations, i.e. regarding cigarette smoking and rehabilitation services. This method is useful as it reaches a vast population at a shorter period and with more people aware of the impact of a particular behaviour, the change will be collaborative (individual and the family).
Provider-related interventions aimed at improving national health include provider education, feedback and reminders. The provider intervention I would choose in patients to enhance national health outcomes is health promotion campaigns. The health promotion activities can be implemented in schools, worksites, healthcare organizations, churches and homes. Healthcare providers need to have extensive knowledge and skills and be willing to reach out to the communities ((Davis, Campbell, Hildon, Hobbs, & Michie, 2015). Conducting home visits and conveying health prevention and promotion messages to the individuals, families and the community will help in fostering the health standards of a nation.

References
Davis, R., Campbell, R., Hildon, Z., Hobbs, L., & Michie, S. (2015). Theories of behaviour and behaviour change across the social and behavioural sciences: a scoping review. Health psychology review, 9(3), 323-344.

 

Response

Hello Loveline, chronic illnesses remain to be a significant health burden in the United States. According to a report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 70% of deaths are caused by chronic diseases, while it costs the government 75% of its health budget to manage chronic illnesses (Chowdhury et al., 2016). Unless measures are put in place to curb the problem, it is projected that the quality of life of Americans will be in crisis. At the same time, the government will incur enormous costs in dealing with chronic diseases. Often, chronic illnesses are caused by the way people live and what they consume Chowdhury et al., (2016). Behaviors such as cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, eating unhealthy diets, and physical inactivity increase the chances of an individual developing cardiovascular disease. Besides, engaging in risky behaviors such as unsafe sex predisposes one to sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV/AIDS. Therefore, as healthcare workers, we should educate our patients about chronic diseases and their impacts on quality of life, the importance of quitting unhealthy behaviors, and help addicted patients to quit alcohol and cigarette smoking through rehabilitation services.

Reference

Chowdhury, P. P., Mawokomatanda, T., Xu, F., Gamble, S., Flegel, D., Pierannunzi, C., … & Town, M. (2016). Surveillance for certain health behaviors, chronic diseases, and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services among states and selected local areas—Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2012. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report: Surveillance Summaries, 65(4), 1-139.