relationship that exists between materials used in building

relationship that exists between materials used in building

            Physics is a vital field that touches on different aspects of life. This means that with it, people can analyze and seek reasons to various things that happen in the surrounding. There is an excellent relationship between the structure of a building, materials used and damage that can be done in case of an earthquake (Harirchian et al., 2020). Earthquakes are common, and it is only through having a well thought out buildings that the problem can be addressed. Therefore, contractors and architects should always be keen on various projects that they undertake to ensure that they take into account multiple epidemics that may arise.

Buildings that considers various architectural dimensions and policies bring forth magnificent building that can withstand multiple unanticipated perils. Lumber is critical in coming up with these buildings. It refers to the type of wood that is usually processed in blanks and beams during the process of producing wood (Chopra & McKenna, 2016).  To empathize more on this subject matter, I will look at the relationship that exists between materials used in building, the structure involved and the damage that is received in case an earthquake occurred or any other type of calamity.

Plumber and structure set the ability of a particular building to withstand the issues that come with the calamity. Plumber exists in types. It is utilized much in the course of designing the structure of a particular building. This means that one cannot separate the link and relationship that exists between the two issues (Naderpour et al., 2016). This means that plumber can come in rough-sawn or it can be surfaced in one or more faces. The rough plumber is the one that is essential in the course of ensuring that the structure that is arrived at is fit to bring about the expected results to the entity. This is because they can be cut and shaped into various figures that the owner deems appropriate.

The foundation of the building is the one that sets the cornerstone of the success of any particular structure. To come up with a building that can withstand issues to do with earthquake requires one to put into consideration various factors. Throughout history, an earthquake is the most destructive calamity in the world because of the forces that it strikes with. They are regarded as the worst forces on the earth (Song & Van de Lindt, 2016).  The waves that come with it can destroy lives, buildings and cause massive damage to everything that it finds in the earth’s surface.  National Earthquake Information Center denotes that each year there is an average of 20000 earthquakes and their magnitudes are very high. Scientists and experts say that it is impossible to discredit the harm that earthquake causes. Therefore contractors and people when beginning to build should be driven by the urge to contain the earthquake of such magnitude.

Earthquakes impact a building in such a way that, whenever it happens, shockwaves are sent in the ground through short rapid intervals which comes in all directions.  Usually, buildings are equipped in such a way that they can handle the weight and gravity that comes in the vertical forces, but they cannot handle forces that comes side to side (Ceravolo et al., 2017).  Usually, the horizontal quakes vibrate the floors, beams, columns and the top which poses an extreme stress and makes the frame that supports the building to retire thus making the building to rupture.

A building that can handle an earthquake requires the engineers to reinforce the structure and ensure that they can counteract the forces that are linked to the earthquake.  To build such kind of structure, the foundation that is flexible need to be built.  The foundation of a building should be built above the earth surface (Chopra & McKenna, 2016).  Base isolation should be critical in such a way that the building should be put on top of the pads that are flexible and which should be made of rubber, lead and steel.  This means that in case of an earthquake, the base can move, and then isolators vibrate, which makes the structure to remain steady.

It helps to ensure that the seismic waves are arrested and absorbed, which prevents them from travelling into the building. The second issue that engineers should put in place ensures that that the forces to do with damping are well countered (Harirchian et al., 2020).   Engineers should build buildings that are earthquake resistant.  Shock absorbers, just like cars, should be put into the buildings.  They reduce the shockwaves magnitude and helps to slow down the damage that can be caused to the building in case they were not available.

The contractors and engineers enhance that by ensuring that there are pendulum devices and vibrational control systems that play a critical role in ensuring that various risks and waves are well arrested.   Vibration control devices take into account placing of dampers at different levels of the beam and column of a building (Chopra & McKenna, 2016).  The damper contains piston heads which, within the cylinder, it is filled with silicone oil. Therefore in case of an earthquake occurrence, the vibration energy is transferred to pistons which are then pushed against the oil. The results of that are that energy is changed into heat which dissipates the vibration forces.

Pendulum power takes into account steel cables that are suspended by the engineers at the top of buildings. Therefore in case, the construction begins to sway, the ball acts as the pendulum and moves in the opposite direction for stability.  These features ensure that the building is protected and they match the frequency of the building with the sole purpose of containing the disease (Naderpour et al., 2016).  The third way in which the relationship between the structure and material used is expressed is that engineers and other scientists are assessing and finding out different ways in which energy from the earthquakes can be rerouted and deflected. They refer to such a model as a seismic invisibility cloak. Besides, the building’s structure needs to be reinforced.  The only way that the building can withstand the forces is by ensuring that it is redistributed and the cross braces, shear walls, and diaphragms can reinforce the structure and prevent it against any threat.

Shear walls are vital in transferring the forces of an earthquake. They do so because they are fitted with panels and supported by diagonal cross braces. With such fittings, they can support the tension and compression that comes about in case of an earthquake. The diaphragm works in such a way that they have floors of the buildings, the decks and the roof which helps to remove any tension and it helps to push any force that comes with vertical structures related to the building (Song & Van de Lindt, 2016).  There are flexible frames, and as a result, they are out in different joints of the buildings, and they aid the beams and other columns to bend. With such issues, the structure can resist strong forces that are brought about by the earthquake. The foundation, therefore, shows that it is a crucial issue for the developers to monitor. Developers and other people who intend to develop properties and build houses should do so with innovative materials.

As explained, there is a healthy relationship between the materials used and structure. That is the only way that quality is enhanced.  From the experiments and the tips that are explained above, various issues can be concluded, which helps to ensure that the relationship between the structure and material is positive. California, just like other cities, has endured many earthquakes (Ceravolo et al., 2017). The architects and engineers in the region have taken a notch higher to ensure that every building that is being developed takes into account various policies and mechanisms that have been stipulated by the government to ensure that there is success in everything that is being undertaken. From the experiment, the relationship between structure and material is sound. This is because, from it, it happened that those buildings that had put in place various mechanisms to ensure natural calamities such as earthquake were well maintained.

The buildings that did observe various tips regarding the structure proved to be stable in terms of handling earthquake and other calamity related issues. The experiment was carried out primarily to determine what are the objective measures and other techniques that would be put in place to ensure security and maintain the ability of the organizations. From the experiment, it was proved that there are various materials that the engineers should take into consideration to facilitate buildings that can accommodate the wrath of earthquakes (Harirchian et al., 2020).  The ability of the buildings to resist vibration and stress ensures that it can withstand various problems and hurdles that come with the calamities.  Modern buildings are built and constructed using steel which essentially means that in case of any vibration they can bend without breaking hence giving the building the stability that is required during the times of calamity.

From the experiment, innovation is expected to go high as the scientists and other experts are embarking on the process of ensuring that they come up with avenues that can facilitate strength in everything that is done and ensure that the structure is ready to cope up with the changing weather patterns (Naderpour et al., 2016).   Natural elements are more emphasized in the experiment. They include sticky fibres of mussels, bamboo and other related materials. They have proved to be useful, which has facilitated an avenue whereby, in case of a collapse of the advancement of a building in technology has played a vital role in such dimension.

Damage that is caused by earthquakes according to the experiment can be well reduced if the buildings are fitted with the facilities mentioned above. When technology and the tips that are discussed are put in place, everything has proved to be well (Chopra & McKenna, 2016). Earthquakes despite their magnitude can be contained by the collaborative and multidisciplinary efforts of different experts and practitioners. This means that scholars must be concerned about the future of addressing and handling calamities. It is only through their efforts that everything that is involved can be resolved.

From the experiment and geological study of comparison in different areas that are within California in the next 30 years, it shows that the trend of earthquake destruction will continue to happen if there are no efforts that will be laid down.

From the table above, the results show that the severity of the earthquake will continue if the efforts that are discussed in the study are not put in place. It means that the earthquakes are frequent in California and any failure to undertake appropriate measures can see the region plum into severe problems in future (Naderpour et al., 2016).  The prevalence is high in California itself with the expectations being high that if the structure is not addressed the entirety, then it will be difficult to contain the situation

From the graph, it gives similar results as those that are portrayed in the table with the regions with higher prevalence being highlighted.  Appropriate measures and efforts should be undertaken to contain the disease.

Conclusion

Structure, lumber and the earthquake are well related. This is because if the structure is made well, the probability of earthquake being severe is made minimal. This similarly means that when the structure of a building is weak, then there is a possibility that the quake will strike California more. This means that there is a need for different parties to take precautionary actions and diverse ways in which they will be able to correct the problems that come with the earthquake. It is a natural calamity which requires the efforts of different people. Reports suggest that when it is approached in a perspective that is intended to derive results, then there are guarantees that everything will go on well.

References

Ceravolo, R., Matta, E., Quattrone, A., & Zanotti Fragonara, L. (2017). Amplitude dependence of equivalent modal parameters in monitored buildings during earthquake swarms. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 46(14), 2399-2417.

Chopra, A. K., & McKenna, F. (2016). Modeling viscous damping in nonlinear response history analysis of buildings for earthquake excitation. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 45(2), 193-211.

Harirchian, E., Lahmer, T., Buddhiraju, S., Mohammad, K., & Mosavi, A. (2020). Earthquake Safety Assessment of Buildings Through Rapid Visual Screening. Buildings, 10(3), 51.

Naderpour, H., Barros, R. C., Khatami, S. M., & Jankowski, R. (2016). Numerical study on pounding between two adjacent buildings under earthquake excitation. Shock and Vibration, 2016.

Song, R., Li, Y., & Van de Lindt, J. W. (2016). Loss estimation of steel buildings to earthquake mainshock–aftershock sequences. Structural safety, 61, 1-11.