Resilience and adaptation policies on climate change
Adaptive governance is understood as an emerging research framework meant for analyzing social and ecological foundations, which are recommended in resilience building for the negative effects imposed by global change and complex socio-ecological systems (Pisano, 2012). In other words, adaptive governance is an approach that unites related environmental and natural resource management approaches. On the other hand, resilience involves appreciating and defining the social ecological systems as complex adaptive systems. Most of the strategies laid on climate change adaptation are accompanied by the risks of reducing systems resilience. However, this is caused by lack of careful implementation of the strategies and how they are conceived. Its effects are trade-offs between the policy objectives focused and the strategies which seek to retain resilience. Poor implementation of the set strategies on climate change cause a lot of disruptions and shocks (Pisano, 2012). To counteract the imposed challenges, it calls for adaptive capacity which require social- ecological sources of resilience to correct the challenges, recombine experiences and create innovation. Ways on how to appreciate study helps in giving an overview on the resilience categories utilized. For instance, taking drought as an example of system stress, the resilience sources will be the past drought events, active responses are irrigation schemes, seed distribution and humanitarian relief and finally the effect of this system stress on resilience is over reliance on foreign assistance. This case clearly illustrates problem-framing ranges and timescales policy responses. According to Pisano (2012), all policy responses are understood to be causes of multiple stresses and multiple reasons for implementation. Both positive and negative effects on resilience take into account; governance, sensitivity to feedback and problem framing. The implications are; governance directly affects in responding to future changes. Secondly, the effect of sensitivity to feedback in evaluating its impact on adaptation activities is that; it relates to both the scene of feedback and time. Finally, problem framing determines the mode in which responses are evaluated and therefore influences response characteristics.
Reference
Pisano, U. (2012). Resilience and Sustainable Development: Theory of resilience, systems thinking and adaptive governance. Climate change adaptation policies and resilience, (29- 37).