risky factors which are related to the in-hospital deaths among the adults and the shedding period

risky factors which are related to the in-hospital deaths among the adults and the shedding period

Corona virus was first experienced in 2019 in one of the cities in China (Wuhan).  This city became the center of the epidemic of this deadly disease, corona virus.  Before more research was done, the virus was believed to be zoonotic transmitted, which is associated with the use of seafood and live animals.  Later, the Chinese scientists discovered that the virus could be transmitted from one person to another.  The symptoms of this virus include issues with the upper respiratory tract and acute pneumonia, which can cause respiratory failure.  This virus can cause death as most of the infected patients died in hospitals.  According to the authors, it is believed that there were no previous researches concerning this virus (COVID 19), and no articles had been published earlier before this article about this virus, corona virus, which was later termed as COVID 19.  The risk factors and the elements causing this disease were not robust at an earlier stage.  Before the publication of this article, more additional details and the causes of this virus had not been well laid down.  This article aimed at knowing the risk factors that cause death for hospitalized adult patients, providing clear symptoms for the disease, and the timely changes of the laboratory results in the period of hospitalization.  The main hypothesis for this research was to explore the risky factors which are related to the in-hospital deaths among the adults and the shedding period.

The data used in this research was pulled out form electronic medical reports.  The researchers used a standardized data collection approach when collecting data.  The researchers target inpatients in Wuhan who were diagnosed with COVID 19 virus.  The researchers used the fisher’s test or Mann-Whitney U test to rate the difference between the non-survivors and the survivors.  Out of 191 patients with COVID 19 virus, 54 of them died in hospital while the remaining where discharged.  Among the 191 participants, 56 were in the median age between 18 to 87, years most of them being men.  The most common symptoms included cough, fever, fatigue, and the production of sputum.  The research indicated that sepsis signs and blood clotting problems were the main risk factors for inpatient deaths among adult people.  From this research, it is clear that knowing the risk factors can help the healthcare workers to detect the patients with COVID 19 and those who experience poor diagnosis at an early stage.  However, this research was done at an early stage of virus discovery; therefore, more studies need to be done, especially the follow up of patients who were discharged.

From the introduction section, the study research indicated the risk factors relating to the death of hospitalized adults who are affected by COVID 19 virus.  Apart from the research done by the researchers, the authors also seek more studies from previous research to understand the origin of the virus.  The researchers involved and targeted mainly the hospitalized patients with COVID 19 virus.  They also majorly depended on the available records leaving behind the unclear case of the inpatients from the chosen hospital.  Moreover, the research targeted the center origin of the virus, where there encounter many cases of the disease helping in the research process and understand the causes of the virus.  Most importantly, the method chosen for this research was reliable as the researchers based only on the patients with the virus and relied on the confirmed record about the infected patients.

The study clearly indicated that having a high SOFA score and higher d dimmer more than one µg/ml are the main features increasing death rates among the adult inpatients.  Also, this can help clinicians identify the patients with poor diagnosis at earlier stages.  Most importantly, this is the first study that observes the risk factors related to the deaths among the adult inpatients that either were released or died in hospitals.  Besides, the researches obtainable new study concerning the viral shedding, indicating that the medium time for viral shedding was about twenty days among the survivors.  In addition, the virus can be spotted until death, which was depicted among the 54 non-survivors.   However, the weakness of this study is that the analysis of these results was limited by the sample size of the study (among the 191 patients, 54 died while 137 were discharged from the hospitals).

The retrospective cohort study indicated a number of risk factors that are related to deaths among the adult inpatients in two hospitals in Wuhan, the center city where COVID 19 originated.  These factors included high SOFA scores, and higher levels of d-dimmer caused hospital deaths among older patients.  From this study, it is clear that age increase relates to death among the patients affected with COVID 19 virus, unlike SARS, where older persons were found to be stronger when responding to the virus compared to young people.  However, the study did not give a clear understanding about the reason why the majority of the deaths were men and precise details about the cause of the survivors.  The study had some limitations, for instance, not all tests from the patients were studied, and this affects the prediction of deaths in hospitals. From the article, it is recommended that more tests for the patients who tested negative for corona virus should be done before the patient is released as the period for viral shedding for the virus can take long.