Medical-related infections

Medical-related infections

Medical-related infections are the most difficult harms created in patients and tend to be challenging in response and address they are usually clinical and thus requiring concern in connection to the Government support and economic factors like finance. Vascular admissions form the higher backbone of patients receiving treatment in the hospital facilities health professionals should ensure safety in vascular access. All procedures used in vascular access are very hostile regardless of therapeutic services used, patients groupings, techniques employed, device used. Patients are usually exposed to risks such as infiltration, pain, and even extraversion. As such, there are inherent risks of patient harm. Many of these risks are well known and include

issues such as infiltration, extravasation, phlebitis, and pain. This paper indicates the connection between the four therapy bloodstream infections and procedures of preventing the medical-related infections before resulting in more significant harm to the patients.

According to Shaw et al. (2019), the bacteria and infection-causing these IV cannula infections are linked to the following factors, type of site, types of preparation, amount of time involved, and types of dressing. In their research, they initiated some progress relating to clinical care standard aiming to help health professionals and health organizations in their course to deliver quality health care, risk reduction of bacteria related to insertion, maintenance, and removal of PIVC.In their research work, they noted down the following assistance on medical care to help reduce the rate of bacterial attacks. Bacterial infections linked with PIVCs are usually rare as compared to the root causes of PIVC failure, for example, infiltration. Through their research, I have resorted to developing a clinical care standard to help health care providers when dealing with this bacterial infection. In the course to reduce these cannula infections they linked the solutions to enclosed PIVC tend to reduce bacterial infections as compared to open PIVC, veins in the upper extremities are preferable as compared to thread in the lower side, catheter placement should be done by skilled healthcare providers, removal of hair to be done by use of clippers and not by shaving.

The benefit of IV therapy to the patients and nurses

Intravenous (IV) therapy forms the backbone of all medical treatment activities in health care, providing centers where body fluids, blood samples, antibiotics, and drugs are regularly used daily into the body system(Higginson 2017). The significance of using IV therapy, compared to oral treatment, is essential in that the facilities used are more reliable in blood control (Doherty 2010). Healthcare providers should always consider the risk and methods linked with IV therapy before every session of treatment. It helps health care providers to examine relevant devices used, which is the Peripheral intravenous catheters (Bitmead & Oliver 2018) the catheters are less costly and very flexible in operation. Furthermore, the main disadvantage linked to the PIV catheters is that they are accompanied by pain and a high risk of bacteria (Abolfotouh et al. 2014). Use of PIV should never be linked to patients will a history of long term illnesses as it is always challenging to insert the catheters. Poorly performed peripheral treatment will require the help of a specialist in that field to place the device appropriately. Reduced peripheral vein availability will often require the intervention of a specialist health provider to position the instrument(Paul 2015) appropriately.

PIV activities typically carry with it some long term consequences such as Trauma, and in this case, Vascular Access Device should be introduced. A research carried out by(Jackson et al. 2013) Health care providers, in this case, can examine factors considered before choosing on which device to use between VAD and PIC before treatment (Weston et al. 2017).VAD is usually appropriate for patients with long term diseases as compared to PICC, which is generally accompanied by problems such as the high risk of thrombosis (Chopra et al.et al. 2015). The most convenient way to administer the long term IV therapy is by use of Implantable ports (IPs) within managing blood plasma drugs into the central venous system since they are more safe and useful to the body(Ogston-Tuck 2012).Before conducting the IPs factors considered include the availability of the IP device, and whether the healthcare providers are skilled in using the machine, and the stand of the patient on the on the usage of the device on them. Healthcare providers should always be well acquainted with the IP device machine to prevent serious harm or injuries to the patients. Intravenous (IV) therapy remains an essential element of clinical treatment in today’s healthcare setting where drugs, fluids, antibiotics, and blood products are all routinely administered into a vein (Higginson 2017). The benefit of IV therapy, compared to oral treatment, is well documented. IV therapy also provides 100% bioavailability in most cases and facilitates more reliable control of drug blood plasma concentrations (Doherty 2010). As with most clinical procedures, the risks and complications associated with IV therapy should be considered before starting treatment. Complications related to IV therapy administration are also dependent upon the vascular access device (VAD) being used (Hugill 2017) and the decision to place a VAD with its intended use in mind. Peripheral intravenous (PIV) catheters are the most common devices used for IV therapy administration (Bitmead & Oliver 2018) partly because they are inexpensive and relatively easy to place in most patients. However, PIV insertion is painful, invasive, and can be associated with increased risks of infection (Abolfotouh et al. 2014). For some patients, particularly those who have long term or chronic illness, it can be complicated to insert a PIV. Reduced peripheral vein availability will often require intervention by the specialist vascular access team to place the device (Paul 2015). However, PIV insertion can still lead to prolonged pain and Trauma for the patient. In these circumstances, alternative, more reliable long term VADs should be considered.

The Vessel Health and Preservation Framework (Jackson et al. 2013) has provided significant evidence to assist in the decision-making process when choosing which VAD to select and as early as possible to avoid repeated insertions of devices that might not last for the duration of the intended treatment (Weston et al. 2017). For patients with long-term chronic illness, a more permanent VAD is considered to be the best practice. Placement of these VADs is more routine, partly due to the increased number of nurse-led vascular access teams that have taken over responsibility for the insertion, care, and maintenance of vascular devices (Shawyer 2016). While peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) appear to be the most common long term VAD used in long-term chronic illness, up to 18 months in some cases, there is an ultimate limit on how long the Catheter can remain inserted in the patient. There is also an increased risk of thrombosis associated with PICCs (Chopra et al. 2015). Arguably a more reliable long-term VAD would be an implantable port (Patel 2014).

IV therapy barriers

High costs of treatment, as initiated by Mei Sheng Duh et al. (2013), estimated the amount that the healthcare provider receives based on adjudication of claims like as example insurance claims, primary sources, secondary sources, and the patient’s sources. It is the payments that will help reflect how costly the administration of IV therapy is and all the expenses encountered by the patient during the contract of clinical service care providing because the contracted payment represents the actual payment made by the payers, and this will help comment on the economic challenge faced. They calculated the clinical payments concerning the per-patient per IV service (PPPV).

A significant percentage of patients have got difficulty in the access of intravenous IV therapy, according to Nancy Moureau (October 8, 2019.This creates a difficult problem for even the most trained medical providers. Factors leading to these difficulties include aging veins, obesity, diseases such as diabetes. The alternative to insertion of the IV therapy has resorted to the application of ultrasound guidance PIV.

The following acts as remedies to the above barriers; Governments should consider IV therapy as an economic problem since its treatment is very costly, and not everybody can afford in order to prevent this financial setback health policies such as insurances covers should be put in place; Health Organizations should create public awareness on matters of safety relating to infection control practices, the need to improve IV therapy insertion technique and many others.

Importance of IV therapy.

IV therapy helps a patient’s body to get adequate levels of nutrients, Dr. Kirsten Smith(December 3, 2018, 3:00 PM).it enables the body to undergo homeostasis. High absorption of vitamins and minerals help in disease control and treatment. Vitamins help in immunity building, and since vitamins are very harmful to cancerous cells, it will help kill the cancer cells once the body receives this IV therapy admission. Failure of absorption of minerals by the body will lead to exposure and vulnerability to attack by bacteria and infections.

The Patient Population.

Patients of the IV Avella Specialty Pharmacy (February 26, 2016); therapy are those that cannot do well with oral medication such as medical prescriptions, This diseases are usually known to be chronic and of long term effects for example cancer patients, diabetic patients, patients of intestinal diseases, patients with reduced immunity.

Goals in addressing IV therapy.

When conducting any form of experiment, learners should always have expectations that are to be met shortly after the operations or long term expectations;To provide IV therapy competently and timely to the patients; To continuously enable favorable client outcomes during IV therapy treatments. Through knowing of objectives nurses are capable of maintaining patients psychological and psychosocial needs; The Government should help provide nurses with adequate finance to purchase the equipment needed for a long term sustainability of the IV therapy plan; Nurses should ensure that they are skilled and trained in handling IV therapy patients through continuous research doing and updated studies.

Parties Involved in the IV therapy model.

People who take part in the IV therapy treatment must help directly for the success of the model plan; The patients who require the therapy: Healthcare provider; The health organization; The payers-those who initiate payments on behalf of the patient are referred to as the third parties which include insurance organizations.

Patients benefit a lot in that they are able to get healthcare services for long term illnesses such as cancer victims; Healthcare providers gain more experience in use of PICC instruments and how to handle IV therapy infections; Third-party payers are able to see actually how important their financial help promoted the effectiveness of the process; health organizations receive a positive view from the society when they tend to address infections related to IV therapy.

Matt Vera, eta al.(January 30, 2019); the caregiver plays an important in IV therapy plan model in that, help prepare patients psychologically and physically for the treatment by for example giving of instructions, for instance, asking them on the suitable veins to be used for insertion, involvement o patients will help the process flow effectively and efficiently.

Solutions to IV therapy infections.

According to Carolinas Health Care Systems (2015); Prevention of IV infections starts with maintenance and handling of catheter devices with care to reduce the risks related to catheter diseases; this includes ensuring that hand hygiene is maintained, selection of optimal catheter sites.

According to Isaac Austin, (2015); Catheter infections are linked to several factors that tend to leave patients vulnerable to catheter infection diseases, this includes patients staying long in hospitals before being administered the IV therapy medication, too much dirt in the Catheter as a result of careless handling, lack of care while inserting the catheter device, Heavy colonization at insertion point, a mixture of catheter treatments with oral medication. Antibiotic use during catheterization, all these risk factors should be taken into consideration to prevent cannula IV infections.

Hadaway et. Al (2009);To reduce the risk of IV therapy infection the following activities should be maintained; proper hygiene among teammates delivering the treatment; being careful during catheter insertion into the veins; use of chemical cleaning agents to keep the catheters safe from contamination; choosing the appropriate pint of infusion during treatment; health caregiver should try and minimize replacement of catheters.

The following are some of the ethical considerations that should be put in place by the caregivers while conducting the IV therapy treatment; Nurses are always expected to employ the code of conducts expected of them by the health organizations, nurses should be trained to administer IV therapy treatment and must put the following into consideration always; they are expected to remain independent and determined during procedure; expected to respect patients capacity by doing no harm to them; promote justice by offering same treatment services to all patient; principle of being truthful and honest in service delivery.

Generally, it is essential to address Catheter-related infections as it constitutes a more significant percentage of incurable diseases due to the cost of treatment, the risk factors, and the negative consequences of following when surgery is not handled with care. Therapy infections should be treated as one of the economic challenges as it requires much finance to help control and address it. The Government should help institute producers that will help address the power of this infection, such as providing healthcare insurance policies to help cater to the expenses required for effective treatment.