DSM IV, 5 Axis Diagnosis System
Introduction
The 5 Axes of the DSM-IV Multi-Axial System is a manual published by the America psychiatric association for mental disorders classification and diagnosis. A diagnosis under the fifth edition of this manual referred to as the DSM-1V and has five parts known as the axes. The DSM1V types of axes by disorder include:
Axis 1
- This offers information on eh clinical disease. Any mental health condition, others then personal order or the mental retardation fall under this axis. Among the disease includes;
- Diseases Usually Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood or Adolescence
- Delirium, Dementia and Amnestic and Other Cognitive Disorders
- Mental Disorders Due to a General Medical Condition
- Substance-Related Disorders
- Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
- Mood Disorders
- Anxiety Disorders
- Somatoform Disorders
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Axis 2;
This exists to provide information about personality disorder and mental retardations. Disorders which would have fallen under the axis are;
- Paranoid Personality Disorder
- Schizoid Personality Disorder
- Schizotypal Personality Disorder
- Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Borderline Personality Disorder
- Histrionic Personality Disorder
- Narcissistic Personality Disorder
- Avoidant Personality Disorder
- Dependent Personality Disorder
Axis 3
Provide critical information about any medical disorder that was present or which might be presented and might impact the patent’s mental disorder or its management.
Axis 4 was used in describing psychological and critical environmental factors affecting an individual. A major factor which might have been included here includes;
- Problems with a primary support group
- Issues related to the social environment
- Educational problems
- Occupational problems
- Housing problems
- Economic problems
- Problems with access to health care services
Axis 5
This is termed as a rating scale know the global assessment of function. The GAF did go from 0 to 100 and offered a means of summarizing in one member just how well the individual was function generally. The scale has 100 representing no symptom while 10 posing the persistent danger of severely hurting self or others or present inability to maintain personal hygiene or principal suicidal act which leads to death.
References
Fowler, J. C., Madan, A., Allen, J. G., Patriquin, M., Sharp, C., Oldham, J. M., & Frueh, B. C. (2018). Clinical utility of the DSM-5 alternative model for borderline personality disorder: Differential diagnostic accuracy of the BFI, SCID-II-PQ, and PID-5. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 80, 97-103.
Ogasawara, K., Nakamura, Y., Kimura, H., Aleksic, B., & Ozaki, N. (2018). Issues on the diagnosis and etiopathogenesis of mood disorders: reconsidering DSM-5. Journal of Neural Transmission, 125(2), 211-222.