Brain drain
An instance where a country loses the most talented workers and educated students by migration can be described as a brain drain. Brain drain is a huge problem to developing countries since the people with expertise in various fields leave the country in such for greener pastures. However, the country they leave behind suffers constraints of the economy since the people left behind do not know to assist the states in development.
Two categories of factors cause brain drain. The first category is referred to as the push factors. These are negative factors from the developing countries which make intelligent people migrate from these countries. Some of these factors include political instability, discrimination in employment, corruption, inadequate research facilities, poor working conditions, and limited freedom. The second category of elements is the pull factors. These are characteristics that attract a skilled and educated workforce to developed countries. Among these factors are well-paid jobs, higher living standards, political stability, modern education systems, and intellectual freedoms.
The effects of brain drain are severe in developing countries such as Uganda, Venezuela, and China. The results include loss of investment of the countries in education, tax revenue losses, a decrease in the number of future entrepreneurs, a drop in the amount of skilled labor, few innovative ideas, among others.
Uganda is one of the countries that has been struck by the emigration of skilled workforce. One in five students who completed higher education around 2000 went away from the state. For example, Ugandan doctors in the US were 175, whereas the doctors in the whole Uganda were 175. In Venezuela, the cause of brain drain is political instability. It is a divided state. China has also had its share in the problem of brain drain. Students who go to study abroad find it difficult to come back to the country and work there.
The effects of brain drain area adverse and countries should work hard to improve the conditions of the nations. It will assist in minimizing the amount of brain drain.