The methodology of separating the organic compound mixtures.

The methodology of separating the organic compound mixtures.

• Dissolve the mixture in diethyl ether and also an equal amount of NaOH and swirl thoroughly.
• Due to the difference in polarity, two layers will be formed. Use a separating funnel to separate the compounds.
• Use HCL acid to separate the lower layer, which is aqueous; the acid component and the sodium salt is removed from the layer.
• Evaporate the upper layer and dry with MgSo₄
• The neutral component is obtained.

Structures of individual components of the mixture using Spectroscopic analysis and chemical tests.

In sample A, a very strong frequency is recorded indicating the presence of carbonyl possibly ketones, aldehydes or esters.

In sample 4, in comparison with the frequency, an alcohol and an amine are present in the compound.

Using the chemical the Iodoform test, the ketones in sample A react with the mixture in iodine and potassium iodide; therefore, there is a distinguishing factor in sample A and sample 4.

Also, the Lucas test is used in distinguishing the samples, and sample 4 will form a sudden suspension when the Lucas test which comprises of concentrated HCL and ZnCl solutions while sample A will create the suspension after five minutes.

Conversion of each component of the mixture into a crystalline derivative

The purity of the samples is first checked as well as the IR spectra of the two samples are used in comparison with the pure components frequencies. The samples are not entirely pure due to the errors possibly done in the experiment.

Apparently, we use the melting point to understand the purity a sharp melting point that is theoretically collect indicates the presence of the pure compound

Finally, conversion of the samples into crystals is used proper heating of sample A up to 140 degrees, then cool crystals will be formed after cooling take place . By using a filter paper, the solute is dried, and 3-nitrobenzoic acid is formed. The same is done in sample 4, but due to its polar state, much more water should be used in the crystallization process.