Ethical Perspective
Question 1
The explanation is based on virtue ethics. It is a branch of ethics that insists on doing something because it is right. Giving free healthcare to all people means that people will no longer suffer or die due to illness. The virtues insisted, in this case, is fairness since all the people will get access to treatment since everyone is deserving of good health.
Question 2
The argument is based on Duty ethics/Deontology. It is section n of ethics that insists that rules are followed and that actions should be determined by obligation. In this case, it is the obligation of the school to ensure that a person is molded into a better person by creating integrity in them.
Question 3
The argument is based on moral relativism. Different cultures have different morals, and what seems right in one may be wrong in another. In that case, human sacrifice was not illegal according to the cultures that practice it, while in the modern world, it is immoral according to many cultures.
Question 4
The argument is based on moral relativism. Some nations have cultures that condemn same-sex marriages, but since most of the Americans have a perspective that it is right, then it is not unethical. It is basing the rights or wrongs on the perspective of the judging party.
Question 5
It is based on duty ethics. The government has the duty to maintain a population at a manageable level. It is the duty of the government to legalize marriages that lead to procreation, and therefore the ethical decision is based on rules and laws governing the land.
Question 6
Virtue ethics. Killing humans is wrong since most virtues state that humans have an equal right to life. Basing the ethical argument on virtues, dropping bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki violated particular attributes, which makes the act wrong.
Question 7
The argument is based on consequentialism. The results of an action are the ones that matter. In that case, dropping the bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki had a positive result of ending the war faster, which makes them right.
Question 8
It is based on duty ethics. An employer must look into the character of a person to ensure that they are fit for the job.
Question 9
Virtue ethics. The character in question has violated some virtues such as integrity (by getting involved in corruption), which implies that he is not worth being a state governor.
Question 10
The argument is based on moral relativism. It is an evaluation of the slave trade based on thep[erspective of different communities. In the new community, the perspective of the slave trade is that it violates human rights, but in traditional society, it was a source of free labor for the masters.