Analyze “The Order of Discourse”
The Order of Discourse describes an example of the auto-critique. It is the representation of the reality from the cultural dimension. It also symbolizes the shift from the archaeology to cartography (Ladouceur, 2019). The main focus of this essay is to provide feedback for The Order of Discourse.
Foucault reveals two distinct things, desire, and the institution. To him, desire is critical, while the institution is genealogical. He also divides the procedure for mastery into three major categories; exclusion, rarefaction, and application. Foucault then goes further to examine how these categories are related to philosophy (Foucault, 1981). Firstly, he compares the philosophy’s idea of exclusion of that of discourse through the consideration of thought and speech. For instance, one can be culturally excluded from a society based on his or her thinking and speech. This is because one’s speech should be in line with the values and the norms of society. Secondly, Foucault, he relates his phenomenological perpetuation of the ideas of the original subject to those of the early philosophes in history. He also argues, our character of events should be restored at the expense of our acceptance of the sovereignty of the signifier, which attracted a lot of criticism from other scholars because it seemed to have reduced the practical part of the discourse into textual practice (Foucault, 1981).
Many of the critiques argued that his work abandoned the use of the methodological principals, for instance, the principle of reversal because his ideas seemed not to work from the practical sense (Foucault, 1981). In section one of his work, Foucault described the voice that had just spoken before him and the reason as to why he joined the stream. Foucault then declares his desire to be freed for duty and be allowed to join the other side of the discourse without being strange in the game. In response, the institution does the opposite of his desire by imposing ritualistic forms that can be easily recognized. This explains the nature of the desires as a feeling that resists the regulated position of the discourse. This means that discourse lies within the order of the laws and power that operates within the institution only (O’Regan & Betzel, 2016). Don't use plagiarised sources.Get your custom essay just from $11/page
Foucault hypothesis is that I every society, the production of the discourse is once controlled, selected, organized and then redistributed through a certain number of procedures whose purpose is to ensure that the relevant authorities are consulted. The process is free from danger, to gain the mastery over its events and avoid the formidable materiality. This hypothesis shows hos the discourse process is secured and planned fo follow a certain procedure to avoid the negative outcomes to the society. According to Foucault’s ideas on discourse, the exclusion is commonly practiced in the society and can be easily identified through studying what has been prohibited in society. For instance, sexuality and politics are deemed to be the most rigidly constrained points on the grid. This is because these to exercises operate in a way formidable to power. However, this was the true revelation of the textual point of view of discourse because it meant that discourse does not only manifest or hide desire, but also object the desire. Therefore, this gives another definition of discourse as “the power to be seized.”
Foucault also reveals the distinction between division and rejection and the opposition between the power of reason and madness. However, the discourse of madness has no significance and thus has gained little currency as compared to other types of discourse. This means that the speech of a madman has no meaning at the point of a sober man because their speech has no sense of truth. However, Foucault recognized the power of the madmen to give prophecies. This understanding of the discourse is the main source of exclusion in society and leads to the division of the members of society based on speech.
Another point to consider in exclusion is the matter of true or false. The urge for the truth has existed for years, but it comes with a system of exclusion in discourse. For instance, there was a difference between the ideas of Hesiod and Plato on what the truth is. Foucault provides another internal controlling procedure besides exclusion in the exercise of authority. This is the idea of events and choices (Foucault, 1981). He argues that chances determine those who are supposed to attend a certain event. It is form exclusion in the discourse. This is because one only attends an event I which he or she is accorded the chance to attend. A chance can either be special or ordinary. Specific chances go for a specific group in the society while anyone in society can afford the ordinary chances. Ordinary chances are common in the democratic processes of the country (Ladouceur, 2019).
In conclusion, the above discussion reveals that exclusion is a very important tool in discourse. It can be done base on what is the truth of false, speech, and the division of madness where the mad are excluded. The essay also reveals that discourse does not only manifest of hiding desire but also objects it.
References
Ladouceur, L. (2019). Michel Foucault & Kanye West: An Analysis of Discourse in Modern Day Racism.
O’Regan, J. P., & Betzel, A. (2016). 19 Critical Discourse Analysis: A Sample Study of Extremism. Research Methods in Intercultural Communication, 281.
Foucault, M. (1981). The Order of Discourse’ in Robert Young, ed., Untying the Text: A Post-Structuralist Reader.