Cancer itself is a multistep ailment
Article link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6405444/
Citation; article source: Stark, M. B. (1918). A hereditary tumour in the fruit fly, Drosophila. The Journal of Cancer Research, 3(3), 279-301.
Summary: Cancer itself is a multistep ailment determined by the stimulation of precise oncogenic paths concurrently with the damage of purpose of growth suppressor genes that act as sentinels to regulate physiological development. These signalling paths in Drosophila, and the capability to efficiently operate them heritably, has made the fruit fly a valuable model organism in learning cancer biology.
Characteristics of model organism; Fruit fly (drosophila melanogaster) is among the most extensive organisms that rea use in experiments because its model organism is well understood. Human genes can equally match that of a fruit fly. Additionally, the fruit fly is easily manageable in the lab as it requires few carbohydrates to survive.
Effectiveness of the model. Our useful Drosophila screen discovers numerous novel and evolutionarily preserved epithelial cancer genes. Experimentally it confirmed Tsp29Fb as a primary controller of EGFR/Ras tempted epithelial growth and attack.
Response 1
C Elegans know to have familiar molecular trails and genes with human beings, but their lack of heart and the respiratory system makes the simpler to be used. The student made a perfect choice for that purpose. C Elegans development is precise, and cell division happen systematically, and this makes it easy to track them back to the embryo. These animals are very small in size and make it easy to keep them in the lab. Recently chronic disease like cancer and diabetes have been associated with ageing. The short life cycle of C Elegans of two weeks makes it easy and efficient to tract the risk factor in human beings.
Response 2
Mice were an excellent choice in the osteoporosis experiment as the share some come genes with a human being and for the fact that they develop fast to maturity however it is good to note that there are to be discovered an animal with an exact model similar that of human beings in the condition of osteoporosis. Getting to understand the limitations of animal models is essential and therefore using more than one animal in the osteoporosis is highly recommended. Use of calcium degenerative regime in emaciated sheep plus estrogen shortage succeeding ovariectomy should be highly investigated. FDA needs preclinical lessons to appraise agents interned for the handling of rats and animals.
Response 3
Mice have been used in experiments not only because of their large population but also because they are docile and scientists can use them without being hurt by them. Additionally, mice are used because there quickly adapt to new surrounding and are easy to keep and maintain. Two injections in the intravenous muscle of the complex of a-miR-155, and piR-30074, miR-125b with the DDMC delivery scheme induced a complete repossession from a virus-induced tumour in mice. The injections resulted in a rise of a lifetime of rats with sarcomas. DDMC/a-miR-155, miR-125b, piR-30074 stimulated the apoptosis and inhibited the Src-associated pathways. Treatment of rats with sncRNAs/DDMC trajectory complex changed cancer compartments into morphologically and inherently non-cancerous kinds of cells, which articulated CD4+.