The ECB mode and the CBD Answer to Q4, (a) The problemassociated with ECB mode includes; ifthe same key is used to create encrypted identical plain texts, then the similar ciphertexts are created, which allows a hacker to have a clue of what the encrypted message is about from the ciphertext. Another problem is that ECB mode is highly malleable in that it encrypts blocks of plain texts separately; hence an attacker can easily peace them together through the generation of new valid ciphertexts. Question 4, (b) With CBC mode, an Initialization Vector is introduced that exclusively contains plain text before or before encryption. The CBD has a first and second round of encryption, which entails random encryption of public values, and the second round is the ciphertext for the previous series. This helps in fixing the creation of identical ciphertext blocks from identical plain text blocks in ECB mode. Question 4 (c) Since the encryption is sequential, one block has to be calculated after another hence time consuming, and another drawback is on the usage of IV, which means…

Compare the actual performance with the standards for the electric-car. This paper intends to explain the benefits of controls in an organization, and they help in ensuring that the organization is working to achieve its goals. The article also provides a detailed explanation of why Sleek Motors needs to be concerned with their electric cars. It indicates the mistakes made during the production processes and the correction actions that should be taken. The paper also compares the actual performance with standards for electric cars and concluding facts presented on the table. Finally, this paper aims at explaining the benefits of Total Quality Management to organizations such as Sleek Motors. Control is a general technique used to guide the operation of an apparatus, machine or a system. In a business setting, control includes the procedures and activities that monitor, lead and protect a business. Power is among the four primary managerial functions together with leading, organizing and planning. One example of controls organization use is financial policies. These economic principles may not be communicated to all members of the organization. However,…

Health Care Risk Management Program Introduction By creating an institution – a comprehensive safety culture – hospitals can better identify and address risks that arise in other areas. For small and rural hospitals, it is crucial to shop at all levels and departments. To meet the needs of the state’s small, rural, not-for-profit hospitals, the facilities work with the Department of Health and other state and federal agencies to minimize risks. This paper analyses the Health Care Risk Management Program. Health Care Risk Management Plan Summary Management, providers, volunteers, and employees must act as a team, with all members involved in risk management protocols. A health clinic’s risk management plan must be designed to support all clinical risks and patient safety in their respective forms. It must also address the potential for errors, system failures, and other system failures. When an error or event occurs, such as a system breakdown, the risk of patient safety and health liability of the healthcare provider is minimized. The program aims at prevention or minimization of events, errors, or system failures that result in…

 German culture Without a thorough understanding of the German culture, Walmart imposed American values on the Germans. For instance, the company hired sales clerks to smile and greet the German shoppers (Landler and Barbaro, 2006 n.p). Since the Germans are not accustomed to friendly gestures, they perceived this behavior as strange. This issue should have been addressed by thoroughly understanding the German culture to avoid annoying German customers. More so, Walmart’s top executives adopted English, the corporate language, even though Walmart’s old managers in Germany did not speak English (The Open University of Hong Kong, 2016 n.p). As such, there were communication issues, and Walmart’s suppliers declined to conduct business with the retailer. The situation could have been improved by implementing strategies to effectively communicate with the German managers as they know the local market. Walmart tried to integrate the German culture into its business model, although it was too late to leverage the company due to the huge losses. Walmart Inc. failed to establish good relations with the German labor unions. The poor relations were caused by the retailer’s…

Organizations financial budgeting Reply 1 Activity-based costing offers an accurate method of service or product servicing leading to accurate pricing choices. ABC as well increases cost drivers and overheads and makes non-valuable activities visible, creating the managers to eliminate them. Therefore, managers will be in a position to use funds on necessary things that bring profits to the company. Also, it improves customer and product profitability analysis. It’s a methodology for assigning overhead expenses by assigning them to actions. Once assigning of costs is done to operations, the expense can be allocated to the cost matters that apply such activities. The system can be used to reduce the expenses, which are surplus and events, which cant be given the priority. The accounting tools work best in a complex environment. This is a situation where many products and processes are involved. Its a good strategy but the problem cant be used in areas where the environment not busy. Reply 2 When talking about master budgeting, it entails all lower-level budgets made in the organization’s various financial regions. It’s present in almost…

Popular drugs among youths Ecstasy pills dominated the 90s as they were the most common stimulant among the youth during raves and festivals. The teens used ecstasy pills to feel a sense of euphoria. Several drugs capture the spirit of the current drugs. The most popular drugs among youth are cannabis, heroin, and cocaine. Cannabisis the most popular. People who engage in cannabis smoking do so to get the intoxicating effect that comes with it. Marijuana produces its effects by affecting the brain areas that influence pleasure, movement, coordination, and sensory perception. This disrupts normal mental and physical functioning of the body, causing effects such as a sense of relaxation or a heightened sense ofjudgment. In other cases, some people may experience panic, fear, and anxiety. The emerging demographic is characterized by alcohol, drugs, gambling, video games, and social media addiction. Young adults involve themselves in internet gambling and devote substantial time to many multiplayer games online to the extent of forgetting essential areas of life. The youth engage in gambling activities such as sports betting, poker playing, and video…

Reduced budgetary allocation and economic constraints Often, healthcare facilities encounter reduced budgetary allocation and economic constraints. This scenario calls for the need of nurse managers to assess the departments with limited funding and find appropriate measures to overcome those financial challenges. Therefore, nurse leaders should collaborate with the finance department and ensure that they know and understand the different types of budgets for a successful operation budgeting. Preparing to Explain Short-Term Variations Short-term variations in operational budgeting tend to forecast the cash flow of the next one to three months of operation. Nurse leaders should thoroughly explain this phenomenon to ensure that a health facility is enough liquid to settle their debts early before they are overdue. Short-term budgeting is a vital tool for the survival of a healthcare organization because of the lack of enough money to pay debts can have detrimental effects on organizational continuity. A successful budgeting process involves cooperation between nurse managers and the healthcare finance department. Hence, nurse leaders must be familiar with the entire procedure and activities to explain the short-term variations. The reason…

Different types of budgets for a successful operation budgeting in the healthcare Often, healthcare facilities encounter reduced budgetary allocation and economic constraints. This scenario calls for the need of nurse managers to assess the departments with limited funding and find appropriate measures to overcome those financial challenges. Therefore, nurse leaders should collaborate with the finance department and ensure that they know and understand the different types of budgets for a successful operation budgeting. Preparing to Explain Short-Term Variations Short-term variations in operational budgeting tend to forecast the cash flow of the next one to three months of operation. Nurse leaders should thoroughly explain this phenomenon to ensure that a health facility is enough liquid to settle their debts early before they are overdue. Short-term budgeting is a vital tool for the survival of a healthcare organization because of the lack of enough money to pay debts can have detrimental effects on organizational continuity. A successful budgeting process involves cooperation between nurse managers and the healthcare finance department. Hence, nurse leaders must be familiar with the entire procedure and activities to…