Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Introduction Slide 1 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one among the many developmental disabilities that are characterized by shortfalls in social and emotional communication, repetitive interests which are restricted and sensory issues (McClelland et al., 2016). The condition has been in existence for quite some time and is becoming a significant menace in current societies. Research suggests that about one in every sixty-eight children has been identified with ASD (McClelland et al., 2016). This means that the rate of prevalence has somehow doubled in the last decade. Critical Elements of PRT (2 slides) The Pivotal Response Training (PRT) is a technique of procedurally applying scientific principles and values of Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) in tutoring learners with ASD (McClelland et al., 2016).  This technique was initiated by Robert Koegel and Lynn of Autism Center at the University of California, Santa Barbara. According to these authors, PRT is a method that is used to tutor/teach language, increase social, academic, and communication skills, and reduce on self-stimulatory or destructive behaviors (McClelland et al., 2016). Slide 2 Pivotal response…

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Service animals Service animals fall under the category of American people with Disabilities Act. The animal is primarily a dog that has undergone training to carry out tasks or does work to benefit an individual with a sensory, intellectual, physical, or psychiatric disability. There is no specific training for emotional support animals, and ADA does not recognize them. Recently, there has been a skyrocketing request for service animals among college campus students. However, service animals have been assisting people for many years. With the growing body of support mental and health benefits of pet ownership, college students have benefited positively. The benefits include body benefits such as fewer physician visits, fewer medications, lower blood pressure, social capital, improved safety, and increased activities. Service animals play the role of reducing stress levels in college campus students. Often, pursuing a degree in higher education is usually anxiety and stress-provoking process. The increase in added stressors has increased the number of requests for service animals among the higher education students. From the view of things, it is evident that these animals have positive…

reasons why implementation of a disability law is not followed By the end of this class period, students will be able to:   Recognize the main laws related to disability rights in the United States   State at least three reasons why implementation of a disability law is not followed   State the options that individuals with a disabilities have when they feel the law is not followed or enforced properly Social Security Act 1935   Medicare and Medicaid Act 1965   The Architectural Barriers Act of 1968   The Rehabilitation Act of 1973   The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1975   The Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988   The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990   The Telecommunications Act 1996   The Americans with Disabilities Amendment Act 2008               Signed into law by Franklin D. Roosevelt   Part of the New Deal   Created social security program and insurance against unemployment                         Before 1930’a support for the elderly was…

A child’s foundational elements of basic math A child’s ability to tackle the problemis dependent on their foundational elements of basic math of addition and subtraction. This is earned through daily experiences that are the daily interactions that children involve gives them the basic knowledge of addition and subtractions, for example, a mother has four tomatoes, she uses two, and the child sees that two tomatoes are left. The daily routines that individual shares with his kid provide the relevant knowledge for utilization in foundational mathematics.Secondly, the child should be familiar with numerals and grouping of values. A child can count from one to hundred will find it easy to number the components and enable their addition and subtraction capabilities. Likewise, the grouping of value would allow the child to put the numbers in a bunch. For example, counts of five as one bunch than the other fivein that order. The assessment interventions relevant include an interrogation of the child’s ability to count. In this regard, I would make the child count from one to hundred to see how conversant…

English language learners Introduction English language learners refer to the students from non-English speaking places and students learning English. Although many students have progressed in communication skills in English, still some struggle with the English language.  Such kind of struggles makes instruction in the classroom challenging, and it needs some modification to improvement in the English language. Reflection 1 Most focus in America is one the needs of the English language to different people from different backgrounds. However, several students are from homes where their language is different from English. Most of such students are from families with low incomes and inferior formal education. Its, therefore, for the English language, it is taught in schools to enable students to adopt the necessary skills for boosting the economy. The economy can only be developed when essential skills are imparted to the people who are required to work and make the economy better. English language not taught to the children but also the refuges and emigrants tend to be anxious about the language. Teachers, therefore, make sure the environment they offer to…

Jean’s stool Jean’s stool would range from type 2 (sausage-shaped by lumpy) or type 3 (like a sausage but with cracks on its surface) mainly because of her immobility, eating and drinking habits. Damjanov (2008) suggest that BSFS is a crucial tool applied by nurses to assess the elimination process of patients with chronic constipation. Sedentary lifestyle and immobility is a severe cause of illness in the elderly, mainly because they lack physical exercise to stimulate physical and mental well-being (Ikidde, 2014). According to Ikidde (2014), BSFS must be used by nurses to understand the level of constipation for a patient and understand which physical exercise fits the patient based on their conditions. Exercises improve the motility of the gastrointestinal tract and its contents, which prevent constipation. Chumpitazi et al. (2016), argue that BSFS has excellent reliability, validity and agreement when applied by nurses to rate patient’s stool type by raters   The nurse will perform a colonic transit study using radiopaque markers and get the abdominal radiographs at different intervals. The patient will be required to ingest the Radiopaque…

Court Cases And Decisions Monday: Reading Religious Text in Class I would allow Goldstein to continue reading the religious book during the reading session. My decision would be based on the First Amendment of the constitution. The Amendment, under the Free Exercise and freedom of speech, allows Goldstein to read any religious material that he wants (“First Amendment,” n.d). Moreover, since he is reading quietly and not infringing on the rights of other students to read the materials they have chosen freely, I would let him finish the study session. However, after the lesson, I would ask Goldstein for a deeper explanation. I would ask Goldstein whether the religious material belongs to the library or if it is a personal copy. If the book belongs to the library, I would advise that he returns it to the library. Similarly, I would inform Goldstein to tell the students that the religious text is meant for secular studies and not a display of the school’s preference for a particular religion if the copy belongs to the school. Nonetheless, if it is a…

Debate Question Migrant students in China Over the last three decades, migrant students in China have experienced different education problems that have led to a raging debate (Li, 2010). As the population of migrant children continues to increase, the Chinese education sector faces challenges to improve the standards of education across the country, especially for migrant children. Despite the government’s strategies for improving education, current studies have shown inequalities in the access of education, especially how most migrant children in the rural areas cannot join public school education in urban cities(Kwong, 2014). The current issues within the Chinese education system center on the debate about whether or not children of migrant workers should be allowed to sit for the gaokao examination in the cities where their parents work. The main concern arising from the debate is that different universities might have varying gaokao score requirements for children with varying hukou (China Daily, 2012). Critics argue that children of migrant workers should not be allowed to sit for the college entrance exams in the cities where their parents work since this…

Developmental theories Introduction Developmental theories profoundly impact the way we understand Childs behavior in a special education setting. Although these theories may appear to be different, they tend to have several similarities. In a special learning context, these theories help teachers in understanding how the children have advanced based on the several phases they occur. By using such approaches, the parents will get an idea of what their children are likely to experience during the stages of their life. The key concepts in each developmental theory will be discussed. Additionally, we will explain how these theories help in the emotional, cognitive, and physical development of children. Importantly having mastery of one’s childhood development can help both parents and teachers to guide the kids in reaching their full potential in every phase in lifetime. This research focuses on comparing and contrasting two developmental theories namely social learning and psychoanalytic theories. Moreover, I will highlight the theorists who most are known for these approaches. Finally, there will be a contrasting and discussion on how both approaches influence teaching in special education environment.…